Filters: Tags: phenology (X)
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Twelve northern desert shrub communities having the same macroclimate but differing habitats were studies. Arranged in order of decreasing production of live stems plus current growth, the communities were: (1) Sarcobatus vermiculatus (9,172 kg/ha), (2) Grayia spinosa (7,412 kg/ha), (3) Artemisia tridentata (5,474 kg/ha), (4) Chrysothamnus nauseosus (4,836 kg/ha), (5) Atriplex confertifolia (3,194 kg/ha), (6) Eurotia lanata (2,026 kg/ha), (7) Hilaria jamesii-Atriplex confertifolia (1,995 kg/ha), (8) Atriplex corrugata (1,949 kg/ha), (9) Chrysothamnus greenii filifolius (1,866 kg/ha), (10) Atriplex nuttallii (1,309 kg/ha), (11) Elymus salinus (865 kg/ha), and (12) Tetradymia spinosa (564 kg/ha). The communities were...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Colorado,
Ecology,
evotranspiration,
internal-plant stress,
leaf persistence,
Detrended, modelled first leaf dates for 856 sites across North America for the period 1900–2008 are used to examine how the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) separately and together might influence the timing of spring. Although spring (mean March through April) ENSO and PDO signals are apparent in first leaf dates, the signals are not statistically significant (at a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05)) for most sites. The most significant ENSO/PDO signal in first leaf dates occurs for El Niño and positive PDO conditions. An analysis of the spatial distributions of first leaf dates for separate and combined ENSO/PDO conditions features a northwest–southeast dipole that is...
This is the USGS Earth Resources and Science (EROS) Center catalog and repository space. This space primarily supports science projects by providing a place to organize and publicly release data that support science information products. The EROS Center studies land change and produces land change data products used by researchers, resource managers, and policy makers across the nation and around the world.
This tabular, machine-readable CSV file contains annual phenometrics at locations in ponderosa pine ecosystems across Arizona and New Mexico that experienced stand-clearing, high-severity fire. The locations represent areas of vegetative recovery towards pre-fire (coniferous/pine) vegetation communities or towards novel grassland, shrubland, or deciduous replacements. Each sampled area is associated with the point location (latitude/longitude) as well as multiple calendar year phenometrics derived from the time-series of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values in the phenology software package Timesat v3.2.
Climate change influences apex predators in complex ways, due to their important trophic position, capacity for resource plasticity, and sensitivity to numerous anthropogenic stressors. Bald eagles, an ecologically and culturally significant apex predator, congregate seasonally in high densities on salmon spawning rivers across the Pacific Northwest. One of the largest eagle concentrations is in the Skagit River watershed, which connects the montane wilderness of North Cascades National Park to the Puget Sound. Using multiple long-term datasets, we evaluated the relationship between local bald eagle abundance, chum and coho salmon availability and phenology, and the number and timing of flood events in the Skagit...
Categories: Data;
Tags: North Cascades National Park,
Skagit River,
bald eagle,
climate change,
flood,
Habitat loss and alteration from land use change, species invasion, and more recently, climate change have reduced biodiversity and ecosystem function worldwide. Habitat decisions have important implications to individual fitness as well as population dynamics and community structure. Resource limitation, predation, competition, and unfavorable abiotic conditions all have the potential to influence survival and future reproductive potential. Understanding how changes to ecosystem structure and function impact species and populations of conservation concern is essential for conservation delivery to be effective. Similar to many migratory species, shorebird populations are declining worldwide and declines may be related...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Bird Migration,
Birds,
National CASC,
Phenology,
Science Tools for Managers,
Abstract (from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26022481): Premise of the study: Salt marshes are highly productive and valuable ecosystems, providing many services on which people depend. Spartina alterniflora Loisel (Poaceae) is a foundation species that builds and maintains salt marshes. Despite this species' importance, much of its basic reproductive biology is not well understood, including flowering phenology, seed production, and the effects of flowering on growth and biomass allocation. We sought to better understand these life history traits and use that knowledge to consider how this species may be affected by climate change. Methods: We examined temporal and spatial patterns in flowering and seed...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Data Visualization & Tools,
Northeast CASC,
Science Tools For Managers,
Sea-Level Rise and Coasts,
Southeast CASC,
Unpiloted aerial system (UAS) flight campaigns were conducted at two rangeland sites in Southwestern Montana during the 2018 growing season to classify vegetation and landcover types. A total of nine flights were conducted at the Argenta site and seven at the Virginia City site. To align images in space and time, we used four-dimensional structure from motion (4D SfM) and continued with processing for each flight date based on the full suite of images aligned for the entire growing season. We created dense point clouds, digital terrain models (bare earth), digital elevation models (including vegetation), and orthorectified images for each flight date at each site. We used the orthoimages to calculate the Normalized...
Climate change is causing species to shift their phenology, or the timing of recurring life events such as migration and spawning, in variable and complex ways. This can potentially result in mismatches or asynchronies in food and habitat resources that negatively impact individual fitness, population dynamics, and ecosystem function. Numerous studies have evaluated phenological shifts in terrestrial species, particularly birds and plants, yet far fewer evaluations have been conducted for marine animals. This project sought to improve our understanding of shifts in the timing of seasonal migration, spawning or breeding, and biological development (i.e. life stages present, dominant) of coastal fishes and migratory...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2014,
Birds,
Birds,
CASC,
Completed,
This suite of datasets consists of phenology data on over 1000 species of plants and animals (2009-present) and data on lilacs and honeysuckles (1956-present), across the United States. The data were collected by citizen and professional observers, and archived and distributed by the USA National Phenology Network (www.usanpn.org). Protocols are available in Denny et al, 2014 and datum is WGS84. This collection represents a suite of three data products: 1) Status and Intensity Data (phenophase status records of presence or absence of the phenophase, as well as information about the intensity with which the phenophase was expressed for each individual plant or species of animal at a site, on each visit by an observer),...
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
ecology,
phenology
Larrea tridentata is a xerophytic evergreen shrub, dominant in the arid regions of the southwestern United States. We examined relationships between gasexchange characteristics, plant and soil water relations, and growth responses of large versus small shrubs of L. tridentata over the course of a summer growing season in the Chihuahuan Desert of southern New Mexico, USA. The soil wetting front did not reach 0.6 m, and soils at depths of 0.6 and 0.9 m remained dry throughout the summer, suggesting that L. tridentata extracts water largely from soil near the surface. Surface soil layers (max) occurred in early summer (21.3 � mol m-2 s-1), when pre-dawn xylem water potential (XWP) reached ca. -1 MPa. Although both...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Gas-exchange,
Larrea tridentata,
Oecologia,
Phenology,
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
Seasonal dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization of Sporobolus wrightii and AM fungal communities were assessed at four riparian sites in south-east Arizona which represented upper terrace or lower floodplain habitats and perennial or intermittent river reaches. Colonization was co-ordinated with growth/reproductive stages of plants at three sites with higher levels from February to May when plants were primarily vegetative and lower levels in September and December during seed set and onset of dormancy. Fifteen species of AM fungi were associated with S. wrightii, includingGlomus , Acaulospora, Paraglomus and Archaeospora species. Species richness ranged from 9 to 13 AM fungal species per site. Published...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Journal of Arid Environments,
arbuscular mycorrhizae,
big sacaton,
grasses,
phenology,
These data provide the locations and phenological dates of three shrub species: beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta), Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), and salal (Gaultheria shallon), collected from various publicly available data sources including data from USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis program, USFS R-6 Ecology Program, US National Park Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management, USA National Phenology Network, the Consortium of PNW Herbaria, the Wilbur L. Bluhm Plant Phenology Study, GBIF, and iNaturalist, as well phenology data collected from the Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory in Olympia, Washington.
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Oregon,
Pacific Northwest,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Washington,
Projected peak instantaneous rate of green-up date and spring scale across Wyoming from 2000 to 2099
These data represent projections of peak instantaneous rate of green-up date (PIRGd) and spring scale across Wyoming from 2000-2099. Annual data is provided in gridded time series at ~4 km spatial resolution. Projections were generated by applying linear mixed models to contemporary remote sensing data, and applying model parameters to future climate projection data from the MACA dataset. Projections were generated for 5 global climate models (GCMs) and 2 representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios: RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Data starting in 2000 are provided to help assess accuracy of model projections against contemporary datasets, and provide a platform for comparison to projections for future years. These...
This dataset provides information on plant sexual reproduction of a clonally-spreading perennial species, Spartina alterniflora. We investigated flowering phenology, potential seed and seedling production, and flower damage in reference and restored sites in southeastern Louisiana. Additional covariates of elevation and soil parameters were used to investigate underlying mechanisms of differences.
These data were compiled for the creation of a continuous, transboundary land cover map of Bird Conservation Region 33, Sonoran and Mojave Deserts (BCR 33). Objective(s) of our study were to, 1) develop a machine learning (ML) algorithm trained to classify vegetation land cover using remote sensing spectral data and phenology metrics from 2013-2020, over a large subregion of the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts BCR, 2) Calibrate, validate, and refine the final ML-derived vegetation map using a collection of openly sourced remote sensing and ground-based ancillary data, images, and limited fieldwork, and 3) Harmonize a new transboundary classification system by expanding existing land cover mapping resources from the United...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Arizona,
Baja California,
Botany,
California,
Ecology,
The USA National Phenology Network has available a series of gridded products enabling researchers to analyze daily Accumulated Growing Degree Days (AGDD) from 2016 through the current year. Heat accumulation is commonly used as a way of predicting the timing of phenological transitions in plants and animals. Products generated by the USA-NPN begin accumulation on January 1 and use either a 32F or 50F base temperature.
This dataset supports the following publication: "Solar and sensor geometry, not vegetation response, drive satellite NDVI phenology in widespread ecosystems of the western United States" (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112013). The data release allows users to replicate, test, or further explore results. The dataset consists of 4 separate items based on the analysis approach used in the original publication 1) the 'Phenocam' dataset uses images from a phenocam in a pinyon juniper ecosystem in Grand Canyon National Park to determine phenological patterns of multiple plant species. The 'Phenocam' dataset consists of scripts and tabular data developed while performing analyses and includes the final NDVI values for all areas...
This dataset provides NDVI time series data in comma-delimited format from the phenocam location using five satellite products: 1) Proba-V L1c product 2) Landsat 7 SR product 3) Sentinel-2 Level-1C product 4) Sentinel 2 Level-2A data product 5) Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) NASA Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) VNP13A1 data product The dataset also includes scripts to download these data from Google Earth Engine. The data are provided in support of the following publication: "Solar and sensor geometry, not vegetation response, drive satellite NDVI phenology in widespread ecosystems of the western United States". The data and scripts allow users to replicate, test, or further...
It is well understood that plant phenology is sensitive to climate, however it is not so clear exactly how climate change might alter the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation phenology. Satellite remote sensing offers a unique vantage point from which to observe phenological cycles across large regions. Although ubiquitous, cycles of green-up and brown-down are complex and exhibit great variability across space and time. Herbivore species such as elk, moose, and deer depend on the availability of herbaceous plants and deciduous shrubs for forage. These vegetation types are most nutritious for herbivores from early season to peak green-up, so characterizing vegetation cycles, or phenology, over the long term...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Drought,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
MTBS,
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,
National CASC,
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