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Climate change is causing species to shift their phenology, or the timing of recurring life events such as migration and spawning, in variable and complex ways. This can potentially result in mismatches or asynchronies in food and habitat resources that negatively impact individual fitness, population dynamics, and ecosystem function. Numerous studies have evaluated phenological shifts in terrestrial species, particularly birds and plants, yet far fewer evaluations have been conducted for marine animals. This project sought to improve our understanding of shifts in the timing of seasonal migration, spawning or breeding, and biological development (i.e. life stages present, dominant) of coastal fishes and migratory...
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Note: This data release is currently under revision and is temporarily unavailable. Phenological dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems reflect the response of the Earth's vegetation canopy to changes in climate and hydrology and are thus important to monitor operationally. The Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) phenology in the western U.S. rangeland based on 30m near seamless Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) weekly composites between 2016 and 2021 (Dahal et al., 2022) were processed using these 3 methods: (1) NDVI threshold-based method, (2) manual phenological metrics, and (3) modeling and mapping. The EAG phenology model produced eight metrics identifying the sustainable...
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Phenological dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems reflect the response of the Earth's vegetation canopy to changes in climate and hydrology and are thus important to monitor operationally. The Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) phenology in the western U.S. rangeland based on 30m near seamless Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) weekly composites between 2016 and 2021 (Dahal et al., 2022) were processed using these 3 methods: (1) NDVI threshold-based method, (2) manual phenological metrics, and (3) modeling and mapping. The EAG phenology model produced two metrics identifying the sustainable growth characteristics of 16 EAG species throughout level III Commission for Environmental...
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The timing of biological events in plants and animals, such as migration and reproduction, is shifting due to climate change. Anadromous fishes are particularly susceptible to these shifts, as they are subject to strong seasonal cycles when transitioning between marine and freshwater habitats to spawn. We used linear models to determine the extent of phenological shifts in adult alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) as they migrated from ocean to freshwater environments during spring to spawn at 12 sites along the northeast U.S. We also evaluated broad-scale oceanic and atmospheric drivers that trigger their movements from offshore to inland habitats including sea surface temperature (SST), North Atlantic Oscillation index,...
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Each year, plants and animals undergo certain life cycle events, such as breeding or flowering. These phenological events are linked to weather and climate, and as temperature and precipitation patterns have changed, some spring events are occurring earlier. These changes in plant phenology can have cascading effects on wildlife such as elk, moose, and mule deer, which depend on plants for food. It’s thought that the quality of forage available in the spring could play a critical role for these big game species, which need to replenish energy depleted during the winter, in order to survive and successfully reproduce. Climate change will alter plant phenology, which in turn is likely to effect when, where, and for...
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This dataset includes monthly dissolved silicon (DSi) concentration data from 198 rivers across the Northern Hemisphere. Concentration and discharge data were sourced from public and/or published datasets and the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season model (Hirsch et al. 2010) was used to estimate monthly concentrations and flow-normalized concentrations for all sites over their period of record. Sites span eight climate zones, ranged from 18 degrees N to 70 degrees N, and vary in drainage area from < 1 km2 to nearly 3 million km2. These monthly concentration data were then used to cluster sites into average (i.e., average of all years) and annual (i.e., each year individually) seasonal regimes using...
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Plants and animals undergo certain life cycle events every year, such as breeding or flowering. Known as phenology, these events are very sensitive to changes in climate. Changes in plant phenology can have cascading effects that impact the herbivore species that depend on the affected plants for food, such as elk, moose, and deer. Therefore, characterizing long term vegetation cycles can provide critical insight into how the behavior and health of a number of species may be altered due to climate change. This project sought to identify how drought conditions influence vegetation phenology, in order to better understand the potential effects on herbivores. Specifically, researchers examined (1) if drought causes...
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Plants and animals undergo certain recurring life-cycle events, such as migrations between summer and winter habitats or the annual blooming of plants. Known as phenology, the timing of these events is very sensitive to changes in climate (and changes in one species’ phenology can impact entire food webs and ecosystems). Shifts in phenology have been described as a “fingerprint” of the temporal and spatial responses of wildlife to climate change impacts. Thus, phenology provides one of the strongest indicators of the adaptive capacity of organisms (or the ability of organisms to cope with future environmental conditions). In this study, researchers are exploring how the timing and occurrence of a number of highly...
    map background search result map search result map Implications of Future Shifts in Migration, Spawning, and Other Life Events of Coastal Fish and Wildlife Species Linking Mule Deer Migration to Spring Green-Up in Wyoming The Effects of Drought on Vegetation Phenology and Wildlife How and Why is the Timing and Occurrence of Seasonal Migrants in the Gulf of Maine Changing Due to Climate? Exotic annual grass (EAG) phenology estimates in the western U.S. rangelands based on 30-m HLS NDVI (ver. 2.0, April 2024) Massachusetts River Herring Daily Counts and Environmental data Exotic annual grass (EAG) phenology estimates in the western U.S. rangelands based on 30-m HLS NDVI: 2017 - 2021 Linking Mule Deer Migration to Spring Green-Up in Wyoming Massachusetts River Herring Daily Counts and Environmental data The Effects of Drought on Vegetation Phenology and Wildlife Implications of Future Shifts in Migration, Spawning, and Other Life Events of Coastal Fish and Wildlife Species How and Why is the Timing and Occurrence of Seasonal Migrants in the Gulf of Maine Changing Due to Climate? Exotic annual grass (EAG) phenology estimates in the western U.S. rangelands based on 30-m HLS NDVI (ver. 2.0, April 2024) Exotic annual grass (EAG) phenology estimates in the western U.S. rangelands based on 30-m HLS NDVI: 2017 - 2021