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The timing of life history traits is central to lifetime fitness and nowhere is this more evident or well studied as in the phenology of flowering in governing plant reproductive success. Recent changes in the timing of environmental events attributable to climate change, such as the date of snowmelt at high altitudes, which initiates the growing season, have had important repercussions for some common perennial herbaceous wildflower species. The phenology of flowering at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (Colorado, USA) is strongly influenced by date of snowmelt, which makes this site ideal for examining phenological responses to climate change. Flower buds of Delphinium barbeyi, Erigeron speciosus, and...
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SUMMARY FROM ASSOCIATED REPORT: Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) is an annual grass from Eurasia that has invaded western rangelands. It frequently invades landscapes after wildfire, forming dense stands with fine fuels that shorten typical fire intervals. Thus B. tectorum and wildfire form a positive feedback mechanism that threatens native ecosystems and often impact the rare and endangered species those ecosystems host. It is not an understatement to say that B. tectorum is among the greatest threats to conservation in the intermountain west. Elimination of B. tectorum from the landscape is unrealistic with current technology. Instead, we must learn to manage rangelands so as to minimize the dispersal and establishment...
The NC CSC has collaborated with the USGS AmericaView program to deploy cameras that will record phenology throughout the region. Although, not all cameras were deployed throught AmericaView, they were deployed at the following sites: Ashland Bottoms, Kansas Bangtail Study Area in Bozeman, Montana Central Plains Experimental Range, Colorado Grand River Grasslands, Iowa Grand Teton National Park National Elk Refuge, Wyoming Nine Mile Prairie, University of Nebraska, Nebraska Oakville Prairie, North Dakota Poudre Learning Center, Colorado Sagebrush Steppe, Wyoming Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, South Dakota
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Strong indicators of species’ sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and overall vulnerability to climate change are provided by changes in phenology, the timing of recurring life events (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003). We possess poor information on climate induced shifts in phenology of marine organisms, especially top predators. The Gulf of Maine (GOM) Seasonal Migrants Project is an ongoing effort to determine the phenological changes occurring in the GOM across marine mammals, sea turtles, and other marine species of conservation concern. As part of that study, stranding data of injured or dead animals was explored for its utility to serve as supplemental data to amend more traditional survey data where observations are...
This poster was presented at the Southern New England Chaper Meeting of the American Fisheries Society meeting on February 24, 2015 in Narragansett RI.
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The dataset is associated with a project that examines effects of climate change on the federally endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) by subjecting different life stages of the Karner blue to both historically average temperature regimes and temperature regimes 2, 4, and 6 degrees Celsius above historic means. This dataset is composed of two spreadsheets: one for data collected in 2011, and the other for data collected in 2012. All experimental subjects were from an experimental colony of Karner blues maintained at the University of Notre Dame and derived from Karner blues collected, under USFWS permit, from Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore in 2010. Karner blues were subjected to the different...
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Executive summary: Tamarisk control and removal has become a priority of riparian ecosystem management, due in part to its potential negative impacts on stream flow and groundwater recharge. Among the most controversial, and potentially most effective tamarisk control approaches is the introduction of the tamarisk leaf beetle, Diorhabda carinulata. The beetle has spread throughout virtually the entire upper Colorado River Basin, established major populations at Lake Mead in 2012, and is now poised to expand into the lower Colorado River Basin concordant with documented evolutionary change in beetle developmental response that may enable survival in southern regions. Superimposed on this direct plant/herbivore relationship...
Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, AZ-01, AZ-02, AZ-03, AZ-04, All tags...
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This datafile consists of a subset of plant phenology observations drawn from the USA National Phenology Network’s National Phenology Database (www.usanpn.org). The data were collected by citizen and professional observers and archived and distributed by the USA National Phenology Network. Protocols are available in Denny et al. (2014). This datafile consists of plant phenology observations that were used in an effort to construct predictive models of phenophase transitions using accumulated growing degree days based on PRISM daily minimum and maximum temperature data. The phenology data were queried from the USA National Phenology Network on 9-25-16.
Changes in the timing, frequency, and magnitude of precipitation events are projected for semiarid ecosystems worldwide. The ecological consequences associated with these precipitation changes will be better understood if the hydrological triggers of vegetation response can be better identified. Previous research has suggested that soil moisture, likely from large monsoon rainstorms, plays a critical role in triggering the phenological response of semiarid shrublands. Here we propose that the recent emergence of time-lapse repeat digital photography (pheno-cams) can play a role in further explaining the hydrological triggers of phenological response in semiarid shrublands. This study is focused on a creosotebush-dominated...
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The Green Wave Hypothesis posits that herbivore migration manifests in response to waves of spring green-up (i.e., green-wave surfing). Nonetheless, empirical support for the Green Wave Hypothesis is mixed, and a framework for understanding variation in surfing is lacking. In a population of migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), 31% surfed plant phenology in spring as well as a theoretically perfect surfer, and 98% surfed better than random. Green-wave surfing varied among individuals, and was unrelated to age or energetic state. Instead, the greenscape, which we define as the order, rate, and duration of green-up along migratory routes, was the primary factor influencing surfing. Our results indicate that...
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The Green Wave Hypothesis posits that herbivore migration manifests in response to waves of spring green-up (i.e., green-wave surfing). Nonetheless, empirical support for the Green Wave Hypothesis is mixed, and a framework for understanding variation in surfing is lacking. In a population of migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), 31% surfed plant phenology in spring as well as a theoretically perfect surfer, and 98% surfed better than random. Green-wave surfing varied among individuals, and was unrelated to age or energetic state. Instead, the greenscape, which we define as the order, rate, and duration of green-up along migratory routes, was the primary factor influencing surfing. Our results indicate that...
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The Green Wave Hypothesis posits that herbivore migration manifests in response to waves of spring green-up (i.e., green-wave surfing). Nonetheless, empirical support for the Green Wave Hypothesis is mixed, and a framework for understanding variation in surfing is lacking. In a population of migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), 31% surfed plant phenology in spring as well as a theoretically perfect surfer, and 98% surfed better than random. Green-wave surfing varied among individuals, and was unrelated to age or energetic state. Instead, the greenscape, which we define as the order, rate, and duration of green-up along migratory routes, was the primary factor influencing surfing. Our results indicate that...
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We monitored nests from 1983 to 2016 during the crocodile nesting season (April through August) as part of a long-term American crocodile monitoring programs within Everglades National Park (ENP; since 1978) and Turkey Point Power Plant (TP; since 1983). Nests were located during April and May (egg laying period) and monitored from June to August (hatching period). During the hatching period, surveys for hatchlings were conducted nightly at TP by airboat and one to five nights per week by skiff, kayak, or portaboat within ENP. Hatch dates for all known nests within ENP and TP were determined when possible.
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Plants and animals undergo certain recurring life-cycle events, such as migrations between summer and winter habitats or the annual blooming of plants. Known as phenology, the timing of these events is very sensitive to changes in climate (and changes in one species’ phenology can impact entire food webs and ecosystems). Shifts in phenology have been described as a “fingerprint” of the temporal and spatial responses of wildlife to climate change impacts. Thus, phenology provides one of the strongest indicators of the adaptive capacity of organisms (or the ability of organisms to cope with future environmental conditions). In this study, researchers are exploring how the timing and occurrence of a number of highly...
Aim Woody plants affect vegetation?environment interactions by modifying microclimate, soil moisture dynamics and carbon cycling. In examining broad-scale patterns in terrestrial vegetation dynamics, explicit consideration of variation in the amount of woody plant cover could provide additional explanatory power that might not be available when only considering landscape-scale climate patterns or specific vegetation assemblages. Here we evaluate the interactive influence of woody plant cover on remotely sensed vegetation dynamics across a climatic gradient along a sky island. Location The Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, USA. Methods Using a satellite-measured normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from 2000...
This study sought to advance our understanding of the responses of large migratory whales and other marine wildlife to climate change by examining species-specific shifts in timing of migration and habitat use. We used long-term historical datasets to measure changes in timing of seasonal habitat use in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) ecosystem by North Atlantic right (Eubalaena glacialis), fin (Balaenoptera physalus), humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), and minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Occupancy modeling, spatial analyses, and synthetic approaches evaluated changes in the seasonal habitat use by large migratory whales, changes in risk of whale interactions with human activities such as shipping and fishing...
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Improving the quality of habitat for western big-game species, such as elk and mule deer, was identified as a priority by the Department of the Interior in 2018. Maintaining healthy herds not only supports the ecosystems where these species are found, but also the hunting and wildlife watching communities. For example, in Wyoming, big game hunting contributed over $300 million to the state’s economy in 2015. Yet as climate conditions change, the quantity, quality, and timing of vegetation available to mule deer, elk, and other ungulates, known as forage, could shift. It’s possible that these changes could have cascading impacts on the behavior and population sizes of many species. A key strategy used by managers...
These data are estimates of den emergence date, den site departure dates, and duration at den sites as well as post-emergence observations for female polar bears sampled in the southern Beaufort Sea subpopulation 1985-2016 and the Chukchi Sea subpopulation 2008-2017. The data were used to better understand the importance of time spent at the den site post-emergence. Emergence dates and departure dates were determined using collar temperature sensor data.
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Phenological dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems reflect the response of the Earth's vegetation canopy to changes in climate and hydrology and are thus important to monitor operationally. Researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center have developed methods for documenting the seasonal dynamics of vegetation in an operational fashion from satellite time-series data. The USGS made the decision to develop 2022 CONUS phenology metrics using S-NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) because of the decommissioning of Aqua C6 MODIS sensor in the near future. The readily available and consistently processed smoothed EROS VIIRS (eVIIRS) maximum Normalized...
map background search result map search result map How and Why is the Timing and Occurrence of Seasonal Migrants in the Gulf of Maine Changing Due to Climate? The greenscape shapes surfing of resource waves in a large migratory herbivore Plant Phenology Site Phenometrics + Accumulated Growing Degree Day Calculations for the continental United States (2009-2016) Individual Variability in Surfing Migration Dates Final Report and Publication: From Genotype to River Basin: The combined impacts of climate change on bio-control on a dominant riparian invasive tree/shrub Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska, 2013-2016 Predicting Future Forage Conditions for Elk and Mule Deer in Montana and Wyoming Effects of warming on development rates on Karner Blue Butterfly laboratory data (2011-2012) Hatch dates of American crocodile nests in Everglades National Park and Turkey Point Power Plant 1983-2016 BLM REA MBR 2010 Estimated Percent Cover of Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) S-NPP 375-m eVIIRS Remote Sensing Phenology Metrics - across the conterminous U.S. Estimated Post-Emergence Period for Denning Polar Bears of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas Effects of warming on development rates on Karner Blue Butterfly laboratory data (2011-2012) The greenscape shapes surfing of resource waves in a large migratory herbivore Individual Variability in Surfing Migration Dates Final Report and Publication: From Genotype to River Basin: The combined impacts of climate change on bio-control on a dominant riparian invasive tree/shrub BLM REA MBR 2010 Estimated Percent Cover of Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) How and Why is the Timing and Occurrence of Seasonal Migrants in the Gulf of Maine Changing Due to Climate? Predicting Future Forage Conditions for Elk and Mule Deer in Montana and Wyoming Brown Bear Phenotypic Plasticity, Alaska, 2013-2016 S-NPP 375-m eVIIRS Remote Sensing Phenology Metrics - across the conterminous U.S. Plant Phenology Site Phenometrics + Accumulated Growing Degree Day Calculations for the continental United States (2009-2016) Estimated Post-Emergence Period for Denning Polar Bears of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas