Filters: Tags: physiology (X)
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Abstract (from http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/11-2296.1): Physiological tolerance of environmental conditions can influence species-level responses to climate change. Here, we used species-specific thermal tolerances to predict the community responses of ant species to experimental forest-floor warming at the northern and southern boundaries of temperate hardwood forests in eastern North America. We then compared the predictive ability of thermal tolerance vs. correlative species distribution models (SDMs) which are popular forecasting tools for modeling the effects of climate change. Thermal tolerances predicted the responses of 19 ant species to experimental climate warming at the southern site,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Duke Forest,
Harvard Forest,
Massachusetts,
North Carolina,
Other Wildlife,
Understanding the physiological impacts of climate change on arid lands species is a critical step towards ensuring the resilience and persistence of such species under changing temperature and moisture regimes. Varying degrees of vulnerability among different species will largely determine their future distributions in the face of climate change. Studies have indicated that Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States are likely to become climate change hotspots, experiencing significantly drier and warmer average conditions by the end of the 21st century. However, relatively few studies have examined specifically the physiological effects of climate change on species inhabiting this region. This manuscript...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2014,
AZ-01,
AZ-02,
AZ-03,
AZ-04,
This project contains five datasets which are reported in "Understanding metrics of stress in the context of invasion history: the case of the brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis)". Overall, this dataset describes metrics of individual and demographic stress (baseline and 1 hour post-capture corticosterone, body condition, and bacterial killing ability) in the invasive snake Boiga irregularis on Guam collected in intervals of 10-15 years from 1992 to 2018. It also contains corticosterone values obtained from different methods of measuring hormones ( radioimmunoassay; RIA versus enzyme immunoassay; EIA) for 2018 data. The first dataset is from the file "boiga_18cort_method.csv", which contains baseline and 1 hour-after-capture...
Amphibians are vulnerable to extinction owing, partly, to altered physiological processes induced by projected global warming and drying. Understanding the mechanisms behind their responses is essential to formulate adaptation strategies for their conservation. Puerto Rico harbors 15 endemic Eleutherodactylus frogs considered vulnerable to extinction due to poor vagility and sensitivity to environmental variability. Herein are reported the effects of four temperature treatments (15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees Centigrade) on metabolic rates associated with specific dynamic action (SDA) and standard metabolic rates (SMR) of four representative species of Eleutherodactylus employing a respirometer. All species in either...
The publication "Invaders from Islands: Thermal Matching, Potential, or Plasticity?" is comprised of data derived from multiple datasets. These datasets include climatic and temperature variables used in ecological niche models for predicting suitable habitat for Leiocephalus carinatus in its invaded and native ranges. Also included are thermal tolerance measurements assessed in March 2020 for Leiocephalus carinatus from Key Largo and Cocoa Beach, Florida, USA. Additionally, we include weatherstation data for local minimum and maximum ambient temperatures for the experimentally assessed populations at short (months) and long (decades) timescales. The dataset "curly_thermal_limits" describes thermal tolerance data...
Climate change will have sweeping impacts across the Northeast, yet there are key gaps in our understanding about whether species will be able to adapt to this changing environment. Results from this project will illuminate local and region-wide changes in forest ecosystems by studying the red-backed salamander, a species that is a strong indicator of forest conditions. This study identified habitat and forest characteristics that improve the resiliency of forest dwelling amphibians and other wildlife to climate change. Further, by studying a foundational species in forest floor ecosystems, the scientists can use the information to make inferences about rare and declining species. The researchers studied multiple...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
CASC,
Completed,
Forests,
Forests,
This dataset provides morphological and blood-derived physiological data from invasive Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) captured in Florida. Data were collected on pythons at capture in the field and in varying lengths of time in captivity. Samples were collected immediately at handling (baseline) and 1 hour post-restraint. Physiological data include circulating corticosterone hormone levels, functional immune assays, and blood cell counts. Also included is R code ( Python_captivity_capture_code.R ) to replicate analyses used in the publication "Scales of Stress: Effects of capture and captivity in an invasive snake". For reference, the following data files are relevant to each section of the corresponding manuscript:...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Florida,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
United States,
Wildlife Biology,
biota,
Physiological intolerance of high temperatures places limits on organismal responses to the temperature increases associated with global climatic change. Because ants are geographically widespread, ecologically diverse, and thermophilic, they are an ideal system for exploring the extent to which physiological tolerance can predict responses to environmental change. Here, we expand on simple models that use thermal tolerance to predict the responses of ants to climatic warming. We investigated the degree to which changes in the abundance of ants under warming reflect reductions in the thermal niche space for their foraging. In an eastern deciduous forest system in the United States with approximately 40 ant species,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Other Wildlife,
Plants,
Southeast CASC,
Wildlife and Plants,
ants,
To quantify the responses of native mussel to the range of environmental conditions in the Minnesota River and St. Croix River basins, laboratory experiments will examine the physiological responses of mussels to different levels of suspended sediment and bed instability over a range of flow rates. Experiments will be conducted in the Outdoor StreamLab and flumes at the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory at the University of Minnesota. The experimental streams allow for direct manipulation of environmental conditions in a field-scale channel while collecting laboratory quality measurements. Laboratory experiments will focus on mussel response to suspended sediment (water quality) and bed instability (increased flows or...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Minnesota River, MN,
St Croix River, MN,
anatomy and physiology,
glycogen,
native mussels,
The dataset are the results of studies examining the osmoregulatory physiology of Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus). Two experiments were conducted on physiological responses to salinity change, and another experiment on the effects of cortisol treatment on osmoregulation.
Scientific tools such as physiological analysis are fundamental to understand invasive species tolerances and responses to different environmental conditions. The Amazon fish Astronotus ocellatus, popularly known as oscar, was introduced worldwide and became invasive in many places. Specimens of A. ocellatus were abruptly submitted to salt stress of 14 and 20 ppt, for 3 and 8 hours to analyze its plasma osmolality and muscle wet weight change. Fish in 14 ppt presented no osmolality distress even after 8 hours. In 20 ppt a slight increase (about 10%) in plasma osmolality was observed for both times of exposure. Fish muscle slices submitted to hyper-osmotic saline displayed decreased weight after 75 minutes, and slices...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
biological invasions,
physiology
How climate constrains species’ distributions through time and space is an important question in the context of conservation planning for climate change. Despite increasing awareness of the need to incorporate mechanism into species distribution models (SDMs), mechanistic modeling of endotherm distributions remains limited in this literature. Using the American pika (Ochotona princeps) as an example, we present a framework whereby mechanism can be incorporated into endotherm SDMs. Pika distribution has repeatedly been found to be constrained by warm temperatures, so we used Niche Mapper, a mechanistic heat-balance model, to convert macroclimate data to pika-specific surface activity time in summer across the western...
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: American pika,
California,
Completed,
EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > LANDSCAPE,
Great Basin,
Effects of climate warming on wild populations of organisms are expected to be greatest at higher latitudes, paralleling greater anticipated increases in temperature in these regions. Yet, these expectations assume that populations in different regions are equally susceptible to the effects of warming. This is unlikely to be the case. Here, we develop a series of predictive models for physiological thermal tolerances in ants based on current and future climates. We found that tropical ants have lower warming tolerances, a metric of susceptibility to climate warming, than temperate ants despite greater increases in temperature at higher latitudes. Using climatic, ecological and phylogenetic data, we refine our predictions...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Formicidae,
Other Wildlife,
Plants,
Southeast CASC,
Wildlife and Plants,
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