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This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs....
The Water Resources Data System is a clearinghouse of hydrological and climatological data for the State of Wyoming. The Climatology Data consists of queryable roadway weather information through the Wyoming DOT; tables and graphs of monthly precipitation normals and totals by water year; and maps and graphs of percent snow equivelants from the NRCS.
Categories: Data;
Types: Clearinghouse;
Tags: State Government,
University of Wyoming,
WRDS,
Water Resources Data System,
Weather,
Map-based access to data from individual SNOTEL sites. Data from each individual SNOTEL site is given in the form of a report. Data that are available includes temperature, snow depth, snow water equivalent and can be viewed as recent data or historical data.
Abstract: The effect of human-induced climate warming on different snow measures in the western United States is compared by calculating the time required to achieve a statistically significant linear trend in the different measures, using time series derived from regionally downscaled global climate models. The measures examined include the water content of the spring snowpack, total cold-season snowfall, fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow, length of the snow season, and fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, as well as temperature and precipitation. Various stakeholders may be interested in different sets of these variables. It is found that temperature and the...
Snow is extremely important to a wide range of natural processes in Alaska. Snow cover helps regulate the earth’s temperature and stores water on the landscape. As it melts, snow hydrates the soil and replenishes the freshwater supplies of streams and lakes, providing water for vegetation, wildlife, and human activities such as agriculture and electricity generation. Understanding present and future snow conditions under climate change is critical for managing Alaska’s natural resources, yet many scientists, land managers, and policymakers lack this information at useful scales. Hence, the goal of this project was to produce an advanced snow modeling system for part of the Arctic that predicts a variety of factors...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2012,
Alaska,
Alaska,
Alaska CASC,
Arctic,
Snow hardness measurements were collected at camera sites from December 2020 - April 2021, at the same time as snow density. Camera sites were chosen by stratified non-random sampling. Cameras were never closer than 25m to other cameras, nor were they placed facing trails. Measurements were collected every few weeks as logistics allowed. Samples were collected near the camera site in snow visually similar to the snow in the camera viewshed to prevent snow conditions from being disturbed beyond normal camera deployment. Snow hardness was measured using a ram penetrometer or “ramsonde” (Snowmetrics; Fort Collins, CO). A ramsonde is composed of a hammer, anvil, and rod. The hammer is dropped onto the anvil from a known...
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Idaho,
Latah,
Moscow Mountain,
Odocoileus hemionus,
Odocoileus virginianus,
This dataset includes Last Snow Date(lsdy) for northern Alaska in GeoTiff format, covering the years 1980-2012. Last Snow Date is defined as day of last snow occurrence during the year(day of year). The dataset was generated by the Arctic LCC SNOWDATA: Snow Datasets for Arctic Terrestrial Applications project.“Day-of-year” (doy) output is expressed in Ordinal dates (“1” on 1 January, and “365” on 31 December). Dates have not been corrected for leap years. This output is appropriate for display purposes, as it is readily interpreted as calendar day of year. It is not recommended as input for analysis, as it may produce incorrect statistics; “day-of-simulation” (dos) files should be used for that purpose.“Day-of-year”...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: AIR TEMPERATURE,
AIR TEMPERATURE,
ALBEDO,
ALBEDO,
Academics & scientific researchers,
This dataset includes First Snow Date(fsdt) for northern Alaska in GeoTiff format, covering the years 1980-2012. First Snow Date is defined as day of first snow occurrence during the year(day of simulation). The dataset was generated by the Arctic LCC SNOWDATA: Snow Datasets for Arctic Terrestrial Applications project.The simulation period runs from 1 September – 31 August. “Day-of-simulation” takes the value of “1” on 1 September, “123” on 1 January, and “365” on 31 August. “Day-of-simulation” files should be used for analysis (trend, mean, etc.).The dataset is delivered in the ZIP archive file format. Each year is output in a separate GeoTiff file, where the year is indicated by the filename.Over the last 20 years,...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: AIR TEMPERATURE,
AIR TEMPERATURE,
ALBEDO,
ALBEDO,
Academics & scientific researchers,
This dataset includes Solid Precipitation(spre) for northern Alaska in GeoTiff format, covering the years 1980-2012. Solid Precipitation is defined as snowfall(m/yr). The dataset was generated by the Arctic LCC SNOWDATA: Snow Datasets for Arctic Terrestrial Applications project.The dataset is delivered in the ZIP archive file format. Each year is output in a separate GeoTiff file, where the year is indicated by the filename.Over the last 20 years, under a variety of NOAA, NSF, and NASA research programs, a snow-evolution modeling system has been developed that includes the MicroMet micrometeorological model, the SnowModel snow-process model, and the SnowAssim data assimilation model. These modeling tools can be...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: AIR TEMPERATURE,
AIR TEMPERATURE,
ALBEDO,
ALBEDO,
Academics & scientific researchers,
How local geomorphic and hydrologic features mediate the sensitivity of stream thermal regimesto variation in climatic conditions remains a critical uncertainty in understanding aquatic ecosystem responsesto climate change.We used stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen to estimate contributions of snow and rainfallto 80 boreal streams and show that differences in snow contribution are controlled by watershed topography.Time series analysis of streamthermal regimes revealed that streams in rain-dominated, low-elevation watershedswere 5–8 times more sensitive to variation in summer air temperature compared to streams draining steepertopography whose flows were dominated by snowmelt. This effect wasmore pronounced...
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Academics & scientific researchers,
Federal resource managers,
LAKES,
LAKES,
LCC Network Science Catalog,
The agro-hydrologic VegET (VegetationEvapotranspiration) model uses a water balance approach to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R). We enhanced the model to include snow accumulation and melt processes along with the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage and implemented the code using cloud technology. This publication is providing the supporting data for the updated methods and provides evaluation results for the United States and the Greater Horn of Africa.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable;
Tags: CONUS,
Evapotranspiration,
Greater Horn of Africa,
Hydrology,
Land Use Change,
This set of 4 rasters shows precipitation as snow (mm) for Western North America under the A1B Emissions Scenario from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). One layer shows the historic period (1961 to 1990), and there are three layers of future climate projections representing the 2020s, the 2050s, and the 2080s. These future layers are ensemble averages across all 23 CMIP3 AOGCMs (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models). All layers have a resolution of 1 km, and are designed to capture climate gradients, temperature inversions, and rain shadows in the mountainous landscape of western North America. These data, originally published here, were converted...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: 2020s,
2050s,
2080s,
A1B,
ClimateWNA,
We have applied a monthly water balance model to the NASA NEX-DCP30 dataset, which provides high resolution (30-arcsecond, ~800 m) gridded projections of temperature and precipitation from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Our water balance model simulates hydroclimate variables such as surface runoff, snow, soil moisture and evapotranspiration. The projections span the Contiguous United States (CONUS) from 1950-2099 using the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios. A historical PRISM simulation is included to evaluate the water balance model relative to observations. Access: OPENDAP: /thredds/dodsC/mwbm_data/cmip5_mwbm_historical.ncml WMS: /thredds/wms/mwbm_data/cmip5_mwbm_historical.ncml...
Landsat Extended Acquisitions of the Poles (LEAP) imaging plan is a Landsat special request data collection program for Earth's polar regions that include Antarctica, Greenland, and Arctic sea ice geographies. The LEAP program includes Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 observatories that operationally acquire spaceborne images of all Earth's land surface and near-shore coastal environments. These images are acquired on a Worldwide Reference System-2, also called WRS-2. The WRS-2 is made up of paths and rows that define Landsat's imaged geography, and once acquired, are processed and discoverable in the U.S. Geological Survey's Landsat global data archive. The LEAP path-rows listed in the attached zipped data file represent...
Raster file of snow cover index at 30m pixel level developed from path36: 14 March, path 35: 1998, 3730: 2 February, 1986, and 1 February, 1998, Landsat images. These images were classified separately and then mosaicked together. Extent corresponds to the area of the Central Wyoming and Lander Extent mapping boundary. Snow classification ranges across five classes from 'No Snow' as class 1 and 'Complete Snow Coverage' as class 5.
Snow samples were collected in southeastern Idaho over two winters to assess trace element and common ion concentrations in air pollutant fallout across the region. The objectives were to: (1) develop snow sampling and analysis techniques that produce accurate and ultra-low measurements of a broad suite of fallout elements, (2) identify the spatial and temporal trends of the fallout elements across the region, (3) determine if there are unique combinations of fallout elements that are characteristic to the major source areas in the region (source area profiles), and (4) use pattern recognition and multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis and classical least squares regression) to investigate...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Air pollutants,
Snow,
Trace elements and common ions
Climatic elements, such as temperature, precipitation, snow, wind, pressure, etc., are included and intended to portray the climate of the United States. The point data used to create the maps came from the National Climatic Data Center's extensive climate data archives. GIS tools used include ESRI's ArcInfo, ArcView, ArcIMS, as well as PRISM, a proprietary climate model. The Atlas' internet interface (html and javascript) communicates with ArcIMS to render the images.
Categories: Data;
Types: Application;
Tags: National Climate Data Center,
United States,
Wyoming,
climate,
climate data,
This release provides data collected by the climate monitoring array of the U.S. Department of the Interior on Federal lands in Arctic Alaska over the period August 1998 to July 2019; this array is part of the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (DOI/GTN-P). In addition to presenting data, this release also describes monitoring, data collection, and quality-control methods. The array of 16 monitoring stations spans lat 68.5°N. to 70.5°N. and long 142.5°W. to 161°W., an area of approximately 150,000 square kilometers. Data collection is ongoing and includes the following climate- and permafrost-related variables: air temperature, wind speed and direction, ground temperature, soil moisture, snow depth, rainfall...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - Revised;
Tags: Alaska,
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge,
CLIMATE,
MONITORING,
National Petroleum Reserve,
This map shows the factors that may contribute to potential dust sources that could contribute to accelerated snow melt. These factors include soil factors, low vegetation cover, invasive annual vegetation, and land use. These data are provided by Bureau of Land Management (BLM) "as is" and may contain errors or omissions. The User assumes the entire risk associated with its use of these data and bears all responsibility in determining whether these data are fit for the User's intended use. These data may not have the accuracy, resolution, completeness, timeliness, or other characteristics appropriate for applications that potential users of the data may contemplate. The User is encouraged to carefully consider...
Abstract: We present an inverse modeling approach for reconstructing the effective thermal conductivity of snow on a daily basis using air temperature, ground temperature and snow depth measurements. The method is applied to four sites in Alaska. To validate the method we used measured snow densities and snow water equivalents. The modeled thermal conductivities of snow for the two interior Alaska sites have relatively low values and reach their maximum near the end of the snow season, while the conductivities at the two sites on the Alaskan North Slope are higher and reach their maximum earlier in the snow season. We show that the reconstructed daily thermal conductivities allow for more accurate modeling of ground...
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alaska CSC,
Climate and Ecosystem Modeling,
SWE,
Snow thermal conductivity,
Thermal properties,
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