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We enhanced the agro-hydrologic VegET model to include snow accumulation and melt processes and the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage. Driven by global weather datasets and parameterized by land surface phenology (LSP), the enhanced VegET model was implemented in the cloud to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R) for the conterminous United States (CONUS) and the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA). Evaluation of the VegET model with independent data showed satisfactory performance, capturing the temporal variability of SM (Pearson correlation r: 0.22–0.97), snowpack (r: 0.86–0.88), ETa (r: 0.41–0.97), and spatial variability of R (r: 0.81–0.90). Absolute...
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This data release contains monthly 270-meter gridded Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate inputs and hydrologic outputs for Santa Clara River Valley South Bay (SCVSB). Gridded climate inputs include: precipitation (ppt), minimum temperature (tmn), maximum temperature (tmx), and potential evapotranspiration (pet). Gridded hydrologic variables include: actual evapotranspiration (aet), climatic water deficit (cwd), snowpack (pck), recharge (rch), runoff (run), and soil storage (str). The units for temperature variables are degrees Celsius, and all other variables are in millimeters. Monthly historical variables from water years 1896 to 2019 are summarized into water year files and long-term average summaries...
Summary Regional ground-water recharge estimates for Minnesota were compared to estimates made on the basis of four local- and basin-scale methods. Three local-scale methods (unsaturated-zone water balance, water-table fluctuations (WTF) using three approaches, and age dating of ground water) yielded point estimates of recharge that represent spatial scales from about 1 to about 1000 m2. A fourth method (RORA, a basin-scale analysis of streamflow records using a recession-curve-displacement technique) yielded recharge estimates at a scale of 10–1000s of km2. The RORA basin-scale recharge estimates were regionalized to estimate recharge for the entire State of Minnesota on the basis of a regional regression recharge...
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This is accompanying data produced for the study "Implications of Model Selection: Inter-Comparison of Publicly-Available, CONUS-Extent Hydrologic Component Estimates". These datasets were converted from their primary structures (rasters and shapefiles) to EPA Ecoregions Level I. Conversion was performed by averaging timestep layers via mean area weight to produce a single vector of monthly values for each ecoregion, for each of the following hydrologic cycle components: precipitation (P), actual evapotranspiration (AET), runoff (R), snow water equivalent (SWE), rootzone soil moisture in equivalent water depth (RZSME), and rootzone soil moisture in volumetric water content (RZSMV).
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Santa Rosa Island, part of Channel Islands National Park off the coast of California, has a undergone a history of ecologic degradation due to introduced ungulate grazing for ranching (cattle and sheep) and hunting (deer and elk) purposes. Grazing in many parts of the island has resulted in widespread vegetation loss and subsequent erosion presumably causing changes in infiltration/runoff relations. In some areas, large sections of bedrock are exposed while other areas have thin soils left with much of the organic-rich materials removed. The reestablishment of healthy ecosystems on land severely degraded by long-term alternative use is challenging. This issue is especially critical in cloud forests where the soil...
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the PRObability of Streamflow PERmanence (PROSPER) model, a GIS raster-based empirical model that provides streamflow permanence probabilities (probabilistic predictions) of a stream channel having year-round flow for any unregulated and minimally-impaired stream channel in the Pacific Northwest region, U.S. The model provides annual predictions for 2004-2016 at a 30-m spatial resolution based on monthly or annually updated values of climatic conditions and static physiographic variables associated with the upstream basin. These values and variables, known as Continuous Parameter Grids, or CPGs, were used as the predictor variables in the model. The CPGs referenced...
Our objective is to develop improved integration of data and models of soil and ecosystem processes at the regional scale in order to better quantify change in response disturbances, particularly drought. Specifically, we synthesize existing and generate new datasets of soil properties of soils form the Upper Colorado River Basin region of the Western US. Data types include geospatial databases and maps; soil physical, chemical, and biological datasets; soil hydrologic data; stream and river chemistry associated with regional mapping of soils; model input parameterizations and output data.
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A monthly water-balance model (MWBM) is applied to simulate components of the water balance for the period 1950-2100 under ssp245, ssp370, and ssp585 scenarios for the Contiguous United States. The statistically downscaled LOCA2 temperature and precipitation projections from 27 GCMs from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program Phase 6 (CMIP6) are use as input to the water balance model. This data set supports the USGS National Climate Change Viewer (ver. 2). The statistically downscaled data set is: CMIP6-LOCA2: Localized Constructed Analogs (Pierce et al. 2023, bias corrected by a modified version of Livneh et al. 2013) Users interested in the downscaled temperature and precipitation files are referred to the...
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These data were compiled to evaluate pinyon-juniper regeneration dynamics following stand-replacing wildfire and thinning treatments. Objectives of our study were to investigate vegetation community composition and tree recruitment in post-fire and post-thinning environments. These data represent plant and biological soil crust community composition and climatological records among intact, thinned, and burned pinyon–juniper woodlands. These data were collected in Mesa Verde National Park and Ute Mountain Ute Tribal Park from 6/1/2021 to 6/10/2021 and from 03/1/2022 to 11/30/2022 at two burned and two intact pinyon-juniper ecosystems in Mesa Verde National Park only. These data were collected by the U.S. Geological...
Categories: Data; Tags: Botany, Colorado, Echo House (historical), Ecology, Geography, All tags...
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This data release contains monthly 270-meter gridded Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate inputs and hydrologic outputs for San Diego (SD). Gridded climate inputs include: precipitation (ppt), minimum temperature (tmn), maximum temperature (tmx), and potential evapotranspiration (pet). Gridded hydrologic variables include: actual evapotranspiration (aet), climatic water deficit (cwd), snowpack (pck), recharge (rch), runoff (run), and soil storage (str). The units for temperature variables are degrees Celsius, and all other variables are in millimeters. Monthly historical variables from water years 1896 to 2019 are summarized into water year files and long-term average summaries for water years 1981-2010....
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The North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) is an international program to produce high resolution climate change simulations in order to investigate uncertainties in regional scale projections of future climate and generate climate change scenarios for use in impacts research. NARCCAP modelers are running a set of regional climate models (RCMs) driven by a set of atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) over a domain covering the conterminous United States and most of Canada. The AOGCMs have been forced with the SRES A2 emissions scenario for the 21st century. Simulations with these models were also produced for the current (historical) period. The RCMs are nested within...
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The Monthly Projected Soil Moisture at Top Layer (SMTP) data sets are part of the downscaled global climate models created for the 2008 California climate change assessment. These files are made from daily data and are monthly mean values in millimeters. SMTP layers have been created through a Bias Corrected Statistical Downscaling (BCSD) approach and are currently available for the cnrmcm3, gfdlcm21, ncarccsm3, and ncarpcm1 models under the A2 and B1 scenarios. The BCSD data cover 31.9375N to 43.9375N and 124.5625W to 113.0625W. The VIC grid is a 1/8th degree grid so this makes a "box" of 93 longitudes by 97 latitudes. The VIC computations are done over land only. For the 93x97 box there would be a total of 9021...
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This NetCDF represents the monthly inputs and outputs from a United States Geological Survey water-balance model (McCabe and Wolock, 2011) for the conterminous United States for the period 1895-01-01 to 2020-12-31. The source data used to run the water balance model is based on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's(Vose and others, 2020) ClimGrid data for precipitation and temperature. This NetCDF contains the following monthly inputs: temperature (degrees Celsius) and precipitation (millimeters, mm) and the following outputs (all in mm): runoff, soil moisture storage, actual evapotranspiration, potential evapotranspiration, snow water equivalent, and snowfall. The spatial reference for this data...
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These data consist of environmental covariates, measured plot-level and tree characteristics for seven coniferous tree species across the southwestern United States. The objectives of the study were to assess how growth characteristics of conifer tree species vary across environmental gradients and across the different tree species. These data represent conifer growth under a variety of stand and site characteristics. These data were collected in the summer of 2019, from sites across Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado, and collected by field crews directed by Matt Petrie (University of Nevada Las Vegas), Rob Hubbard (USDA Forest Service), Tom Kolb (Northern Arizona University) and John Bradford (U.S. Geological...
Categories: Data; Tags: Arizona, Botany, California, Climatology, Colorado, All tags...
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Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. Geophysical and other field observations reveal details of both near-surface (less than 1 m) and deeper (greater than 1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost along 14 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior...
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These data represent simulated ecological drought conditions for current climate, and for future climate represented by all available climate models at two time periods during the 21st century. These data were used to: 1) describe geographic patterns in ecological drought under historical climate conditions, 2) quantify the direction and magnitude of change in ecological drought, 3) identify areas and ecological drought metrics with projected changes that are robust across climate models, defined as drought metrics and locations where >90% of climate models agree in the direction of change.
Climate change is causing measurable changes in rainfall patterns, and will likely cause increases in extreme rainfall events, with uncertain implications for key processes in ecosystem function and carbon cycling. We examined how variation in rainfall total quantity (Q), the interval between rainfall events (I), and individual event size (SE) affected soil water content (SWC) and three aspects of ecosystem function: leaf photosynthetic carbon gain (inline image), aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), and soil respiration (inline image). We utilized rainout shelter-covered mesocosms (2.6 m3) containing assemblages of tallgrass prairie grasses and forbs. These were hand watered with 16 I�Q treatment combinations,...
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Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. Geophysical and other field observations reveal details of both near-surface (less than 1 m) and deeper (greater than 1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost along 14 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior...
map background search result map search result map North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) Cal-Adapt Monthly Projected Soil Moisture at Top Layer (1950-2099) Topographic Relative Moisture in the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment area Borehole Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Inverted Models; Alaska, 2015 Electrical Resistivity Tomography Inverted Models; Alaska, 2015 Permafrost Vegetation Measurements; Alaska, 2015 Collection of Hydrologic Models, Reanalysis Datasets, and Remote Sensing Products Aggregated by Ecoregion over the CONUS from 1900 to 2018 Robust ecological drought projection data for drylands in the 21st century Hydraulic Property Data at the Santa Rosa Island Cloud Forest Restoration Site 2017-2019, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA San Diego Monthly BCMv8 Santa Clara River Valley South Bay Monthly BCMv8 Site characterization and regeneration attributes of managed and unmanaged ponderosa pine sites in the southwestern United States USGS monthly water balance model inputs and outputs for the conterminous United States, 1895-2020, based on ClimGrid data Site data from observations of post-fire and thinned stands of piñon-juniper woodlands on the Colorado Plateau CMIP6 LOCA2 Monthly Water Balance Model Projections 1950-2100 for the Contiguous United States - Snow Water Equivalent Hydraulic Property Data at the Santa Rosa Island Cloud Forest Restoration Site 2017-2019, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA Site data from observations of post-fire and thinned stands of piñon-juniper woodlands on the Colorado Plateau Santa Clara River Valley South Bay Monthly BCMv8 San Diego Monthly BCMv8 Borehole Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Inverted Models; Alaska, 2015 Permafrost Vegetation Measurements; Alaska, 2015 Electrical Resistivity Tomography Inverted Models; Alaska, 2015 Cal-Adapt Monthly Projected Soil Moisture at Top Layer (1950-2099) Topographic Relative Moisture in the Wyoming Basins Ecoregional Assessment area Site characterization and regeneration attributes of managed and unmanaged ponderosa pine sites in the southwestern United States Robust ecological drought projection data for drylands in the 21st century Collection of Hydrologic Models, Reanalysis Datasets, and Remote Sensing Products Aggregated by Ecoregion over the CONUS from 1900 to 2018 USGS monthly water balance model inputs and outputs for the conterminous United States, 1895-2020, based on ClimGrid data CMIP6 LOCA2 Monthly Water Balance Model Projections 1950-2100 for the Contiguous United States - Snow Water Equivalent North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP)