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La Soufrière Volcano is a 1,220 m high stratovolcano that occupies the northern half of the island of St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles, Eastern Caribbean. It has a long history of explosive and sometimes devastating eruptions. Beginning in December 2020 and ending in April 2021, La Soufrière Volcano produced a Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI) 4 eruption that greatly impacted the landscape, communities, and infrastructure on the island of St. Vincent. The eruption produced intense ash plumes, heavy ashfall, and pyroclastic flows down several river valleys. During and following the eruption, destructive lahars (volcanic mudflows) impacted rivers valleys and coastal communities for months. The USGS-USAID Volcano Disaster...
On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens, Washington, exploded in a spectacular and devastating eruption that resulted in previously unimaginable events that drastically altered the mountain and the surrounding area. One unprecedented event was the collapse of the summit and north flank of the volcano forming a huge landslide known as the ‘debris avalanche’ with a total volume of about 2.5 km3 (3.3 billion cubic yards). The debris avalanche swept around and up ridges to the north, but most of it turned westward as far as 23 km (14 mi) down the valley of the North Fork Toutle River and formed a hummocky deposit. This had a profound effect on the topography of the area, including transforming the summit cone of the volcano...
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano included both a large effusive eruption on the lower East Rift Zone and associated collapse and subsidence of the caldera floor at the summit (Anderson and others 2019; Neal and others 2019; Patrick and others 2020). Lava erupted from 24 fissures on the lower East Rift Zone over four months, with high effusion rates (>100 m3 s-1) often supplying lava into channelized flows (Dietterich and others 2021). This effusion produced an extensive lava flow field, covering 36 km2 and creating 3.5 km2 of new land along the coast (Zoeller and others 2020). The eruption was notable for the sustained high effusion rates, which produced complex and prolonged evolution of the lava flow field,...
This data publication contains data files collected as part of a field, laboratory, and modeling effort aimed at uncovering ecological drivers of avian malaria transmission and impacts on Hawaiian honeycreepers across an elevational gradient on the eastern flank of Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes on Hawaii Island. From 2001-2004, mosquito and bird data were collected at nine sites ranging 25 to 1,800 m above sea level. This data publication includes site and sampling coordinate data, mosquito capture data, mosquito avian malaria infection data, and point-transect distance sampling data. Site coordinate data consists of GPS spatial location data of sampling points where mosquitoes were captured and birds were surveyed...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Culex quinquefasciatus,
Hawaii,
Hawaii Island,
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Olaa Tract,
The 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea Volcano began in the late afternoon of 3 May, with fissure 1 opening and erupting lava onto Mohala Street in the Leilani Estates subdivision, part of the lower Puna District of the Island of Hawaiʻi. For the first week of the eruption, relatively viscous lava flowed only within a kilometer (0.6 miles) of the fissures within Leilani Estates, before activity shifted downrift (east-northeast) and out of the subdivision during mid-May. Around 18 May, activity along the lower East Rift Zone intensified, and fluid lava erupting at higher effusion rates from the downrift fissures reached the ocean within two days. Near the end of May, this more vigorous activity shifted...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Shapefile;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Green Lake,
Hawaii,
Hawaiʻi,
Island of Hawaiʻi,
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano included both a large effusive eruption on the lower East Rift Zone and associated collapse and subsidence of the caldera floor at the summit (Anderson and others 2019; Neal and others 2019; Patrick and others 2020). Lava erupted from 24 fissures on the lower East Rift Zone over four months, with high effusion rates (>100 m3 s-1) often supplying lava into channelized flows (Dietterich and others 2021). This effusion produced an extensive lava flow field, covering 36 km2 and creating 3.5 km2 of new land along the coast (Zoeller and others 2020). The eruption was notable for the sustained high effusion rates, which produced complex and prolonged evolution of the lava flow field,...
Measurement of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates is a critical aspect of monitoring and studying active volcanoes. Changes in emission rate are often associated with changes in volcanic activity and in some cases may herald future changes in activity. At the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO), emission rates of SO2 from Hawaiian volcanoes have been measured by ultraviolet spectrometer since the late 1970s [Casadevall and others, 1987]. Here we present a compilation of SO2 emission rate measurements made from 2018 to 2022. The emission rates (in t/d) span five orders of magnitude through a range of activity styles unprecedented in recent times, including caldera collapse [Anderson and others, 2019], the first prolonged...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: DOAS,
Geochemistry,
Hawaii,
Kīlauea,
Mauna Loa,
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano included both a large effusive eruption on the lower East Rift Zone and associated collapse and subsidence of the caldera floor at the summit (Anderson and others 2019; Neal and others 2019; Patrick and others 2020). Lava erupted from 24 fissures on the lower East Rift Zone over four months, with high effusion rates (>100 m3 s-1) often supplying lava into channelized flows (Dietterich and others 2021). This effusion produced an extensive lava flow field, covering 36 km2 and creating 3.5 km2 of new land along the coast (Zoeller and others 2020). The eruption was notable for the sustained high effusion rates, which produced complex and prolonged evolution of the lava flow field,...
Lava flow hazards are usually thought to end when the erupting vent becomes inactive, but this is not always the case. At Kīlauea in August 2014, a spiny ʻaʻā flow erupted from the levee of a crusted perched lava lake that had been inactive for a month, and the surface of the lava lake subsided as the flow advanced downslope over the following few days. Topography constructed from oblique aerial photographs using structure-from-motion (SfM) software shows that the volume of the flow (~68,000 m3) closely matches the volume of subsidence of the crusted lava lake (~64,000 m3). The similarity of these volumes, along with the textural characteristics of the lava, shows that the lava that fed the flow had been stored...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Island of Hawaiʻi,
June 27th flow,
Kīlauea,
Puʻuʻōʻō,
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