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A buffer zone of 30.5 m is commonly used to protect species in riparian and wetland systems. This 30.5 m standard was developed to protect water quality, not biodiversity, and few studies have tested its effectiveness for protecting riparian and wetland species. We tested the standard implementation of 30.5 m buffers to determine if they protect critical habitat for semi-aquatic vertebrate species, using the boreal toad (Bufo boreas) as an example. Using radio telemetry of 84 toads in south-central Utah in 2003 and 2004, we found that the standard implementation of 30.5 m buffers did not protect all critical habitats for boreal toads. Managers should consider the following factors when establishing buffer zones:...