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Influenza A viruses are one of the most significant viral groups globally with substantial impacts on human, domestic animal and wildlife health. Wild birds are the natural reservoirs for these viruses, and active surveillance within wild bird populations provides critical information about viral evolution forming the basis of risk assessments and counter measure development. Unfortunately, active surveillance programs are often resource-intensive, and thus enhancing programs for increased efficiency is paramount. Machine learning, a branch of artificial intelligence applications, provides statistical learning procedures that can be used to gain novel insights into disease surveillance systems. We use a form of...
The relationships between Mycoplasma agassizii, a causative agent of upper respiratory disease (URTD), and desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), generally illustrate the complexities of disease dynamics in wild vertebrate populations. In this review, we summarize current understanding of URTD in Mojave desert tortoise populations, we illustrate how inadequate knowledge of tortoise immune systems may obfuscate assessment of disease, and we suggest approaches to future management of URTD in desert tortoise populations. We challenge the view that M. agassizii causes consistent levels of morbidity and/or mortality across the Mojave desert. Instead, URTD may be described more accurately as a context-dependent disease....
Results of a literature search performed December 1, 2020. The tables in this document summarize the publications fitting in this search criteria and are split into the publications that update the list of international species that could carry Bsal (Appendix 1 Table S1). Number of individual live amphibians imported in categories of urodelan (salamander, newt, and related taxa) species restricted under the interim regulations and not listed, species not listed on the regulations that have had Bsal detected, notably Bombina spp., anuran species in the genus Rana, and Xenopus (including African clawed frogs) as a comparison of species not thought to be susceptible to Bsal, but commonly imported (Appendix 3 Table...
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These data represent the standard curve values as well as measurements of cytokine and reference gene transcripts from blood samples collected from Florida manatees and quantified using quantitative PCR.
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Controlled waterborne exposures of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) to Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordalii failed to result in overt signs of disease or mortality from vibriosis. Cumulative mortalities among Vibrio - exposed Pacific herring (3.3 - 5.0%) were similar to those of saline-exposed negative controls (10%) and significantly less (P < 0.001) than those of Vibrio - exposed Chinook salmon (60 - 97%), a known susceptible species. Gross signs of disease did not occur on any dead or surviving Pacific herring; however, exposed Chinook salmon demonstrated classic gross signs of vibriosis. The results indicate that early reports of presumed vibriosis in Pacific herring during the 1950’s were likely misdiagnosed...
This work is part of an experimental trial investigating the effects of microclimate conditions of temperature and humidity on a fungal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), that causes white-nose syndrome (WNS) disease in hibernating bats. As part of the trial, tri-colored bats (Perimyotis subflavus) were exposed to Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) and allowed to hibernate in chambers with a variety of temperature and humidity conditions. Bats were euthanized after 83 days. A portion of the wing was rolled around dental wax dowels, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed and stained with periodic acid-Schiff, and assessed by light microscopy for evidence of fungal infection. Three types of cutaneous...
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We developed and validated conventional and quantitative real-time PCR assays for the detection of DNA from the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease in fish. Assays were tested on fish tissue and on field-collected water samples to assess diagnostic and environmental DNA capabilities. The specificity, sensitivity, and broad applicability of the present assays surpass previous methods for detecting T. bryosalmonae DNA from fish tissue and water samples.
From 2003-2018, USGS researchers and collaborators conducted mark-recapture studies of the boreal toad at the Lost Trail National Wildlife Refuge in northwestern Montana, USA. The datasets included here contain information on individual toad capture history, body size, and disease status. These data were collected annually over the 16-year period at up to 11 breeding sites per year on the refuge. We include datasets for (1) male toad captures over time, (2) female toad captures over time, (3) male disease status (tested - positive or negative, or not tested in a given year), (4) all toad length and weight data over time, and (5) male toad size and body condition over time.
Introduced (non-native) species that become established may eventually become invasive, so tracking all introduced species provides a baseline for effective modeling of species trends and interactions, geospatially and temporally. The United States Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (US-RIIS) (ver. 2.0, November 2022, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KFFTOD), as of 2022-10-23, is comprised of three lists, for the localities of Alaska (AK, with 545 records), Hawaii (HI, with 5,628 records), and the conterminous (or lower 48) United States (L48, with 8,527 records). Each includes introduced (non-native), established (reproducing) taxa that: are, or may become, invasive (harmful) in the locality; are not known to...
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We collected fleas from colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs in Badlands National Park, South Dakota, 2020-2021. Specifically, we tested fipronil grain for flea control on two colonies: Colony A in 2020 and Colony B in 2021. To assess on-host flea numbers (in 2020 and 2021), we anesthetized trapped prairie dogs (and their fleas) with isoflurane in induction chambers for processing. We combed each individual with a fine-tooth comb for 30 seconds to remove and count fleas. We released all animals, after they were recovered from anesthesia, at the location where they were captured. To assess off-host flea numbers (in 2021), we used a plumber’s cable to insert a 20- by 20-centimeter flannel-cloth as deep as possible...
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This dataset contains the results from 80 visual encounter surveys at two wetlands in Palmetto Island State Park, Vermillion Parish, Louisiana from August 2015 to April 2019. These surveys mainly targeted snakes but small turtles and anoles were also opportunistically captured. Captured animals were swabbed to determine the prevalence of Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, the causative agent of Snake Fungal Disease. Physical measurements were taken on all captured individuals. This dataset also includes environmental data such as temperature, water level, and humidity at the study site.
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The size and sex of each of the Burmese pythons swabbed in this study for the SFD-causing (snake fungal disease) Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola pathogen is given along with the real time PCR swab result.
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These data were collected as part of a voluntary initiative to create a White-Nose Syndrome Diagnostic Laboratory Network among laboratories participating in research and surveillance for Pseudogymonascus destructans (Pd) - the fungal pathogen causing White-Nose Syndrome in bats. Pd_qPCR_InterlaboratoryLODdata.xlsx is raw qPCR data from multiple laboratories running serial dilutions of Pd gBlock in known concentrations for the collectively used Muller (2013) Pd qPCR assay. Pd_qPCR_InterlaboratoryResults_LOD.xlsx contains the data output for each laboratory from running a generic LOD/LOQ calculator script. the generic LOD/LOQ calculator script is available at:https://github.com/cmerkes/qPCR_LOD_Calc. Pd_qPCR_InterlaboratoryPTResults_PanelData.xlsx...
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Biological indicators including morphometric (length, weight), age, sex and health indicators including organismal (health assessment index, condition factor), organ (hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index), cellular (intersex, parasite density, macrophage aggregate density), subcellular (plasma vitellogenin, estradiol, testosterone, 11-keto testosterone) and molecular (hepatic transcript abundance) were measured in smallmouth bass from tributaries in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Total mercury was measured in these fish and correlations between mercury and biological indicators were assessed.
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These data, which support a paired USGS publication, document the movement and infection status of mallards captured, marked, and tested at a wintering site in Tennessee. Data document differences in movement ecology between mallards infected and not infected with HPAI H5N1.
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We live-trapped black-tailed prairie dogs on Buffalo Gap National Grassland, South Dakota, 2020-2021. We anesthetized trapped animals (and their fleas) with isoflurane in induction chambers for processing. We combed each individual with a fine-tooth comb for 30 seconds to remove and count fleas. The total flea count from an individual prairie dog was considered an index of flea abundance. We released all animals, after they were recovered from anesthesia, at the location where they were captured. Data were collected on sites treated with fipronil "FipBit" bait pellets for systemic flea control with prairie dogs. Sites were treated with FipBits containing 0.68, 0.71, or 0.83 milligrams of fipronil per FipBit. The...
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Native and introduced forest birds were captured and then released across the Hawaiian Islands to acquire a blood sample for obtaining DNA and test for exposure to avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum). A total of 2,945 samples were collected and analyzed for avian malaria prevalence from 39 species captured at 66 sites from Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, and Hawaii islands.
These data are the collection of generalized linear mixed models run for AIC comparison of the pre- and post-White-nose Syndrome bat mist-net captures and percent juveniles in capture by year, time since White-nose Syndrome at collection set, U.S Fish and Wildlife Service designated geographic units, states or NABAT grid cell, collection site mean temperature, collection site temperature range and collection site elevation. Models are inclusive of data from 1999-2019 for the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and the tri-colored bat (Perimyotis subflavus).
These data represent characteristics of trees used by Northern long-eared bats as roosts at three sites in Wisconsin, as well as characteristics of surrounding trees to compare characteristics of used versus available trees.
Data on annual population change for prairie dogs in Montana and Utah, USA, 2000-2005. Prairie dog species included black-tailed prairie dogs (PDs) (BTPD, Cynomys ludovicianus) in north-central Montana, white-tailed PDs (WTPD, Cynomys leucurus) in eastern Utah, and Utah PDs (UPD, Cynomys parvidens) in southwestern Utah. Field research was completed by the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, and colleagues. Data were collected on paired plots. Each pair included a plot treated annually with deltamethrin dust for flea control and plague mitigation and a plot left untreated as baselines. Paired plots had similar ecological features on the same (split) or nearby (separate) colonies. One plot within...
map background search result map search result map Conventional and quantitative PCR assays for detecting Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in fish tissue and environmental DNA water samples Quantitative PCR standard curve and transcript values for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), derived from 2013-14 manatee health assessments in Crystal River and Titusville, Florida Data from Burmese pythons swabbed for the presence of SFD-causing Ophidiomyces in southwest Florida Data from an investigation of snake fungal disease at Palmetto Island State Park, Vermilion Parish, Louisiana from 2015-2019 Data on finite population change for 3 species of prairie dogs in Montana and Utah, USA, 2000-2005 Mark-recapture data for a boreal toad metapopulation at the Lost Trail National Wildlife Refuge, Montana (2003-2018) Evaluating regulations and surveillance as risk-mitigation to the emerging amphibian pathogen Bsal- Data release Laboratory challenge of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii to Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordallii Pre- and post-White-nose Syndrome Bat Capture Models Data on flea control using fipronil grain bait with black-tailed prairie dogs at Badlands National Park, South Dakota, 2020-2021 Data on flea control using FipBit fipronil bait pellets with black-tailed prairie dogs, South Dakota, 2020-2021 Hawaiian forest bird avian malaria prevalence 2018-2021 Biological Indicators and Mercury Concentrations in Smallmouth Bass Pd qPCR Interlaboratory Testing Results Data showing similar movement ecology between mallards infected and not infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Laboratory challenge of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii to Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordallii Data from an investigation of snake fungal disease at Palmetto Island State Park, Vermilion Parish, Louisiana from 2015-2019 Mark-recapture data for a boreal toad metapopulation at the Lost Trail National Wildlife Refuge, Montana (2003-2018) Data on flea control using FipBit fipronil bait pellets with black-tailed prairie dogs, South Dakota, 2020-2021 Data from Burmese pythons swabbed for the presence of SFD-causing Ophidiomyces in southwest Florida Biological Indicators and Mercury Concentrations in Smallmouth Bass Hawaiian forest bird avian malaria prevalence 2018-2021 Data on finite population change for 3 species of prairie dogs in Montana and Utah, USA, 2000-2005 Conventional and quantitative PCR assays for detecting Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in fish tissue and environmental DNA water samples Data showing similar movement ecology between mallards infected and not infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Pre- and post-White-nose Syndrome Bat Capture Models Evaluating regulations and surveillance as risk-mitigation to the emerging amphibian pathogen Bsal- Data release Pd qPCR Interlaboratory Testing Results