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In recent decades the encroachment of woody mangrove species into herbaceous marshes has been documented along the U.S. northern Gulf of Mexico coast. These species shifts have been attributed primarily to rising sea levels and warming winter temperatures, but the role of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and water availability may become more prominent drivers of species interactions under future climate conditions. In this greenhouse study we examined the effects of CO2 concentration (ambient, elevated) and water regime (drought, saturated, flooded) on early growth of the mangrove species Avicennia germinans and Spartina alterniflora, a herbaceous grass.
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The Mississippi River Deltaic Plain has extensive marsh habitats (fresh, intermediate, brackish, and saline) where soil cores were collected to a depth of 100 cm at 24 sites to assess long-term carbon accumulation rates and coast-wide burial rates. Each core was sectioned into 2-cm depth intervals, and select intervals were analyzed for percent moisture, bulk density, total carbon, and radionuclide (137Cs and 210Pb).
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Above- and belowground production in coastal wetlands are important contributors to carbon accumulation and ecosystem sustainability. As sea level rises, we can expect shifts to more salt-tolerant communities, which may alter these ecosystem functions and services. Although the direct influence of salinity on species-level primary production has been documented, we lack an understanding of the landscape-level response of coastal wetlands to increasing salinity. What are the indirect effects of sea-level rise, i.e. how does primary production vary across a landscape gradient of increasing salinity that incorporates changes in wetland type? We measured above- and belowground production in four wetland types that span...
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Above- and belowground production in coastal wetlands are important contributors to carbon accumulation and ecosystem sustainability. As sea level rises, we can expect shifts to more salt-tolerant communities, which may alter these ecosystem functions and services. Although the direct influence of salinity on species-level primary production has been documented, we lack an understanding of the landscape-level response of coastal wetlands to increasing salinity. What are the indirect effects of sea-level rise, i.e. how does primary production vary across a landscape gradient of increasing salinity that incorporates changes in wetland type? We measured above- and belowground production in four wetland types that span...
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This dataset provides information on plant sexual reproduction of a clonally-spreading perennial species, Spartina alterniflora. We investigated flowering phenology, potential seed and seedling production, and flower damage in reference and restored sites in southeastern Louisiana. Additional covariates of elevation and soil parameters were used to investigate underlying mechanisms of differences.
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We characterized coastal wetland responses to flooding stress by measuring vegetation cover, wetland elevation and water elevation in healthy and degrading wetlands dominated by Spartina patens. Wetland elevation was measured using real-time kinematic survey methods. Vegetation cover was determined by visual estimation methods, and water elevation was measured using in situ continuous recorders. In addition to these local-scale responses, we also measured landscape-scale patterns of land and water aggregation or fragmentation using remotely sensed data (Jones et al., 2018). Associated products: Jones, W.R., Hartley, S.B., Stagg, C.L., and Osland, M.J. 2018. Land-water classification for selected sites in McFaddin...
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Above- and belowground production in coastal wetlands are important contributors to carbon accumulation and ecosystem sustainability. As sea level rises, we can expect shifts to more salt-tolerant communities, which may alter these ecosystem functions and services. Although the direct influence of salinity on species-level primary production has been documented, we lack an understanding of the landscape-level response of coastal wetlands to increasing salinity. What are the indirect effects of sea-level rise, i.e. how does primary production vary across a landscape gradient of increasing salinity that incorporates changes in wetland type? We measured above- and belowground production in four wetland types that span...
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The northern Gulf of Mexico coast spans two major climate gradients and represents an excellent natural laboratory for developing climate-influenced ecological models. In this project, we used these zones of remarkable transition to develop macroclimate-based models for quantifying the regional responses of coastal wetland ecosystems to climate variation. In addition to providing important fish and wildlife habitat and supporting coastal food webs, these coastal wetlands provide many ecosystem goods and services including clean water, stable coastlines, food, recreational opportunities, and stored carbon. Our objective was to examine and forecast the effects of macroclimatic drivers on wetland ecosystem structure...
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The northern Gulf of Mexico coast spans two major climate gradients and represents an excellent natural laboratory for developing climate-influenced ecological models. In this project, we used these zones of remarkable transition to develop macroclimate-based models for quantifying the regional responses of coastal wetland ecosystems to climate variation. In addition to providing important fish and wildlife habitat and supporting coastal food webs, these coastal wetlands provide many ecosystem goods and services including clean water, stable coastlines, food, recreational opportunities, and stored carbon. Our objective was to examine and forecast the effects of macroclimatic drivers on wetland ecosystem structure...
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Model generated soil pore water salinity (psu) values under scenarios of drought and normal conditions at Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands (TFFW) sites along the Waccamaw River and Savannah River in the Southeastern United States.
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Short-term carbon accumulation rates were examined by collecting 10-cm deep soil cores at 24 sites located in marshes spanning the salinity gradient in coastal Louisiana. Percent moisture, bulk density, total carbon content, and the short-term accretion rates obtained with feldspar horizon markers were measured to determine total carbon accumulation and storage rates.
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This dataset provides the water content, bulk density, carbon concentrations, nitrogen concentrations, and carbon content of all fourteen cores sampled in coastal Louisiana (CRMS 0224) in October of 2019. Each sample is identified by a unique identifier that corresponds to each site by depth increment combination. The pond age range associated with each site is provided. The depth increment associated with each sample is provided.
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Continuous water quality sensor data were collected at USGS 292939089544400 Wilkinson Bayou cutoff north of Wilkinson Bay, LA gage. Field water-quality measurements were collected using a YSI EXO2 water-quality sonde equipped with a data logger to capture hourly data using sensors for measuring water temperature, specific conductance, salinity, pH, oxidation and reduction potential (ORP), fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM), and turbidity. The monitor was housed in an 8-inch diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe attached to a temporary wooden structure near the gage. Measurements were collected from a fixed mid-depth point in the water column. All data were collected using U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)...
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This data release includes belowground primary productivity, decomposition, and surface elevation change data from a two-year mesocosm experiment from 2012 to 2014. We conducted experimental greenhouse manipulations of atmospheric CO2 (double ambient CO2) and sediment deposition to simulate a land-falling hurricane under future climate conditions. Experimental greenhouse conditions mimicked a land-falling hurricane under projected future climate conditions by comparing atmospheric to double ambient CO2 and sediment deposition in four communities along a coastal wetland landscape gradient in Louisiana, USA (tidal freshwater forested wetland, forest/marsh mix, marsh, and mudflat).
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These datasets provide: 1) field-collected biomass and structural attributes for coastal salt marsh in the Port Fourchon area, Louisiana; 2) simulated biomass and structural attributes along flooding gradients using mixed model regression outputs; and 3) resilience metrics calculated using multivariate hypervolumes along with potential environmental covariates of resilience metrics.
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Coastal wetlands store more carbon than most ecosystems globally. However, little is known about the mechanisms that control the loss of organic matter in coastal wetlands at the landscape scale, and how sea-level rise will impact this important ecological function.
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Site, field, and soil data collected from 14 sites along a chronosequence of wetland submergence on 15 – 17 October 2019 in a Louisiana salt marsh in Barataria Basin, part of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain, along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast.
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The northern Gulf of Mexico coast spans two major climate gradients and represents an excellent natural laboratory for developing climate-influenced ecological models. In this project, we used these zones of remarkable transition to develop macroclimate-based models for quantifying the regional responses of coastal wetland ecosystems to climate variation. In addition to providing important fish and wildlife habitat and supporting coastal food webs, these coastal wetlands provide many ecosystem goods and services including clean water, stable coastlines, food, recreational opportunities, and stored carbon. Our objective was to examine and forecast the effects of macroclimatic drivers on wetland ecosystem structure...
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Climatic extremes are becoming more frequent with climate change and have the potential to cause major ecological shifts and ecosystem collapse. Along the northern Gulf of Mexico, a coastal wetland in the San Bernard National Wildlife Refuge in Texas suffered significant and acute vegetation dieback following Hurricane Harvey in 2017. We identified plant zonal boundaries along an elevation gradient with drought-tolerant plant species, including succulents and graminoids, at higher elevations and flood-tolerant species, including Spartina alterniflora, at lower elevations. We measured mean canopy height for each species. Soil surface elevation was measured using Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) methods.
map background search result map search result map U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Vegetation Data Section 1 (2013-2014) U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Landscape and Climate Data (2013-2014) U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Soil Data (2013-2014) Organic matter decomposition across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2014-2015) Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2012-2014) Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. above- and belowground primary production (2012-2014) data Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. environmental data (2012-2014) Early growth interactions between a mangrove and an herbaceous salt marsh species are not affected by elevated CO2 or drought, Louisiana saltmarsh, 2015 Long-term soil carbon data and accretion from four marsh types in Mississippi River Delta in 2015 Short term soil carbon data and accretion rates from four marsh types in Mississippi River Delta collected in 2015 Salt marsh phenology and sexual reproductive characteristics at reference and restored sites in Louisiana, USA (2016) Modeling soil pore water salinity response to drought in tidal freshwater forested wetlands Local and landscape-scale data describing patterns of coastal wetland loss in the Texas Chenier Plain, U.S.A., 2017-2018 Field and simulated data to construct hypervolumes of coastal wetland plant states for resilience quantification, Louisiana, USA (2016-2017) Cone penetrometer and elevation measurement data of coastal wetland plant states for resilience quantification, Louisiana, USA (2019) Coastal wetland vegetation and elevation data characterizing a Sudden Vegetation Dieback event in San Bernard National Wildlife Refuge in 2019 Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019 Above- and belowground biomass production, decomposition, and wetland elevation change in transitional coastal wetland communities exposed to elevated CO2 and sediment deposition: a mesocosm study from 2012 to 2014 High resolution water quality and dissolved carbon data from a coastal Louisiana salt marsh from 2019 to 2022 Plant, soil, and microbial characteristics of marsh collapse in Mississippi River Deltaic wetlands High resolution water quality and dissolved carbon data from a coastal Louisiana salt marsh from 2019 to 2022 Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019 Cone penetrometer and elevation measurement data of coastal wetland plant states for resilience quantification, Louisiana, USA (2019) Plant, soil, and microbial characteristics of marsh collapse in Mississippi River Deltaic wetlands Local and landscape-scale data describing patterns of coastal wetland loss in the Texas Chenier Plain, U.S.A., 2017-2018 Salt marsh phenology and sexual reproductive characteristics at reference and restored sites in Louisiana, USA (2016) Early growth interactions between a mangrove and an herbaceous salt marsh species are not affected by elevated CO2 or drought, Louisiana saltmarsh, 2015 Field and simulated data to construct hypervolumes of coastal wetland plant states for resilience quantification, Louisiana, USA (2016-2017) Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2012-2014) Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. above- and belowground primary production (2012-2014) data Primary production across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. environmental data (2012-2014) Organic matter decomposition across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2014-2015) Short term soil carbon data and accretion rates from four marsh types in Mississippi River Delta collected in 2015 Long-term soil carbon data and accretion from four marsh types in Mississippi River Delta in 2015 Modeling soil pore water salinity response to drought in tidal freshwater forested wetlands U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Vegetation Data Section 1 (2013-2014) U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Soil Data (2013-2014) U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast (TX, MS, AL, and FL) Macroclimate Landscape and Climate Data (2013-2014)