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Societal water-use estimates were required for the other four components of the Coastal Carolinas focus area study. Estimates of water withdrawals related to the societal water use included categories of public supply, self-supplied domestic, industrial, thermoelectric power, irrigation for crops and golf courses, livestock, mining, and aquaculture. Estimates for wastewater returns to surface water bodies were also needed for the surface-water modeling component of the project. These estimates were derived from site-specific data when available or disaggregated from county level information previously published in the USGS series of national water-use reports. These reports were facilitated by the USGS National...
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The U.S. network of 160 weather radars known as NEXRAD (NEXt generation RADar) is one of the largest and most comprehensive terrestrial sensor networks in the world. To date, the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) has archived about 2 petabytes data from this system. Although designed for meteorological applications, these radars readily detect the movements of birds, bats, and insects. Many of these movements are continental in scope, spanning the entire range of the network. It is unclear whether biological or meteorological data comprise the bulk of the archive. Regardless, the biological portion is sufficiently large that it likely represents one of the largest biological data archives in the world, perhaps...
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The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) serves as the definitive Landsat-based, 30-meter resolution, land cover database for the Nation. NLCD supports a wide variety of Federal, State, local, and nongovernmental applications that seek to assess ecosystem status and health, understand the spatial patterns of biodiversity, predict effects of climate change, and develop land management policy. However, access to NLCD products for the USGS community and the public is a concern due to large file sizes, limited download options, and the expectation that users must download and analyze multiple land cover products in order to answer even basic land cover change questions. Therefore, the goal of the NLCD Evaluation, Visualization...
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Note 9/22/18: The Adopt a Pixel concept has been incorporated into NASA's Globe Observer App (Land Cover Tool). Find out more and download the app at https://observer.globe.gov/. *** Adopt a Pixel-Data Infrastructure (AaP-DI) provides the basis for a new data acquisition system for ground reference data. These data will be used to complement existing and future remote sensing collections by providing geospatiallytagged ground-based landscape imagery and landcover of an exact location from 6 different viewing aspects. The goal is for AaP-DI to enable citizen participation in Landsat science. Principal Investigator : Ryan Longhenry, Eric C Wood Cooperator/Partner : Jeannie Allen, Virginia Butcher, Rachel Headley,...
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ScienceCache is a scientific geocaching mobile application framework that targets two user groups for citizen science data collection: youth and geocachers. By melding training and games into the hunt for place-based data collection sites and incorporating photo uploads as data and authentication, new volunteers can collaborate in robust data collection. Scientists build a project on the administrative Web site app, specifying locations or goals for new data collection sites, clues for established sites, questions to answer, measurements, or other activities for the site based on their individual data needs. The project builds on the success of the USA National Phenology Network (NPN) and the ScienceBase project...
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This project produced land use change change forecasts for the United States at the national scale, based on the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) 2001. Both urban and agricultural expansion were modeled at 300-meter resolution at ten-year intervals from 2010 to 2050.
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Geotagged photographs have become a useful medium for recording, analyzing, and communicating Earth science phenomena. Despite their utility, many field photographs are not published or preserved in a spatial or accessible format—oftentimes because of confusion about photograph metadata, a lack of stability, or user customization in free photo sharing platforms. After receiving a request to release about 1,210 geotagged geological field photographs of the Grand Canyon region, we set out to publish and preserve the collection in the most robust (and expedient) manner possible (fig. 6). We leveraged and reworked existing metadata, JavaScript, and Python tools and developed a toolkit and proposed workflow to display...
This project developed a set of raster utility classes and layer types for inclusion in OpenLayers to allow for statistical analysis, manipulation, and additional rendering functionality for raster data sources. The deliverables are patches for the OpenLayers development branch that include the new functionality, examples and documentation to demonstrate its use, and comprehensive unit test coverage. The intention was to get this newly developed functionality into the next stable release of OpenLayers. An additional component of an HTML5 toolkit is for the opensource JavaScript mapping framework OpenLayers. These tools are especially useful to USGS web mapping needs. This effort delivered a new set of classes within...
The purpose of this project was to establish and support a USGS Mobile Environment website to provide support of portable hardware devices, application development and application delivery. The development of a framework to fully support this endeavor will require input and involvement by Core Science Systems, Enterprise Information, Science Quality and Integrity, Office of Communication, Publishing and the mobile community. Principal Investigator : Lorna A Schmid, David L Govoni, Sky Bristol, Tim Kern Benefits One-stop shop to provide detailed support information across USGS Mission Areas Actual functioning mobile applications, built collectively Deliverables Trained Mobile Community Workshop held July 17...
Detailed information about past fire history is critical for understanding fire impacts and risk, as well as prioritizing conservation and fire management actions. Yet, fire history information is neither consistently nor routinely tracked by many agencies and states, especially on private lands in the Southeast. Remote sensing data products offer opportunities to do so but require additional processing to condense and facilitate their use by land managers. Here, we propose to generate fire history metrics from the Landsat Burned Area Products for the southeastern US. We will develop code for a processing pipeline that utilizes USGS high-performance computing resources, evaluate Amazon cloud computing services,...
The Total Water Level and Coastal Change Forecast delivers 6-day forecasts of hourly water levels and the probability of waves impacting dunes along 5000 km of sandy coasts along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico and will soon expand to the Pacific. These forecasts provide needed information to local governments and federal partners and are used by the USGS to place sensors before a storm. The forecast data are presented in a publicly accessible web tool and stored in a database. Currently, model data are only accessible to project staff. A growing user community is requesting direct access to the data, to conduct scientific analyses and share forecasts on other platforms. To address this need, we will develop an...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing ecology and conservation by enabling species recognition from photos and videos. Our project evaluates the capacity to expand AI for individual fish recognition for population assessment. The success of this effort would facilitate fisheries analysis at an unprecedented scale by engaging anglers and citizen scientists in imagery collection.This project is one of the first attempts to apply AI towards fish population assessment with citizen science. Principal Investigator : Nathaniel P Hitt Co-Investigator : Natalya I Rapstine, Mona (Contractor) Arami, Jeff T Falgout, Benjamin Letcher, Nicholas Polys Cooperator/Partner : Sophia Liu, Fraser Hayes, Ky Wildermuth, Bryan...
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The goal of the glacial lakes regional study was to predict the impacts of climate and land use change on coldwater fish habitat in the glacial lakes region, which covers most of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. The study includes both top-level, regional analyses and more detailed case studies of individual lakes. The goal of this project was to provide (1) projections of land use and climate change impacts on the trophic status of Midwestern coldwater glacial lakes, (2) projections of land use and climate change impacts on the regional distribution of coldwater lake oxythermal habitat, and (3) guidance on the types of coldwater lakes in which locations will be the most or least vulnerable to land use and climate...
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Small Pacific islands are especially vulnerable to climate change. Challenges these coastal communities face include sea level rise, erosion, saltwater intrusion, flooding, droughts, and coral bleaching which in turn affect food and water security, infrastructure, and the health of humans and ecosystems. These small islands also have limited resources; therefore, managing them effectively is important to ensure sustainable communities and healthy environments. To support natural resource management, accurate, detailed, up-to-date geospatial data and products are vital to help monitor these resources, identify potential threats, and reveal potential solutions. Through this project, the University of Guam (UoG)...
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Healthy forests in the western United States provide multiple benefits to society, including harvestable timber, soil stabilization, and habitat for wildlife. On the Navajo Nation, over 5 million acres of forest provide wood that heats 50% of homes, building materials, summer forage for livestock, and drinking water. However, warming temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns can increase forests’ vulnerability to insect outbreaks and catastrophic wildfire. Forest managers, particularly those associated with tribal communities that depend on forests to maintain a subsistence lifestyle, need knowledge-based tools in order to reduce the impacts of climate change on forests. This project aims to study approximately...
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A major goal of the Climate Science Center network is to conduct science and develop timely science products and tools that are directly relevant and useful to decision-makers and natural resource managers. A crucial first step in producing this actionable science is understanding the highest priority science and information needs of natural resource managers and planners. Through this project, the Southwest Climate Science Center will conduct a structured rapid assessment to identify and understand manager needs and priorities in the Southwest region. The project team will also work directly with managers and stakeholders to assess their perceptions regarding the co-production of science and preferences on...
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This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Release represents geospatial and tabular data on irrigation water use in Kansas. The data release was produced in compliance with open data requirements. The dataset consists of 3 separate items with similar attributes aggregated to different geographic extents: 1. Kansas counties; 2. Kansas regional planning areas used in the Kansas Water Plan; and 3. Kansas irrigation water-use analysis regions. Reported 2014 water withdrawn for irrigation, acres irrigated, and application rates along with the published application rate statistics from the previous 4 years (2010–13) are shown with the 2014 statistics and are used to calculate a 5-year average. The 2014 annual total...
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Models that predict the flow of rivers and streams are critically important for planning flood control, hydropower, and reservoir operations, as well as for management of fish and wildlife populations. As temperatures and precipitation regimes change globally, the need to improve and develop these models for a wider spatial coverage and higher spatial fidelity becomes more imperative. Currently, one of the biggest impediments to developing robust streamflow knowledge is incomplete understanding of the range of timescales over which water is stored (e.g., in snowpack, soils, and groundwater) in watersheds, as well as the processes and factors that control those storage timescales. This working group will address...
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Nitrogen deposition is altering forest dynamics, terrestrial carbon storage, and biodiversity. However, our ability to forecast how different tree species will respond to N deposition, especially key response thresholds, is limited by a lack of synthesis across spatial scales and research approaches. To develop our best understanding of N deposition impact on tree growth and survival, we will integrate plot-­‐ level studies describing plant growth and survival responses to N inputs and plant-­‐ available soil nutrients with a continental scale analysis across a N deposition gradient. Our primary outcome will be estimates of tree response to N deposition with explicit representation of uncertainty and the identification...
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The past decade has seen improvements in computational efficiency, seismic data coverage, and communication technology - driven by societal expectation for timely, accurate information. While aspects of earthquake research have taken advantage of this evolution, the adoption of improvements in earthquake monitoring has not been fully leveraged. In real-time monitoring, earthquakes are characterized in a vacuum, without building upon our knowledge of past events. New data types may help characterize earthquakes more quickly and accurately. New opportunities exist for rapidly communicating information. With these advances, global seismic monitoring can improve the quality and timeliness of information shared with...
map background search result map search result map Projected Land Use Change for the Conterminous United States (National Assessment) Predicting Coldwater Fish Habitat in Lakes of the Glacial Lakes Region under Changing Land Use and Climate Regimes (Local Assessment) Irrigation water use in Kansas, 2014 Building Capacity for Coordination of Strategic Science Research in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands Assessing Stakeholder Needs for Effective Actionable Science Forest Monitoring and Tree Ring Data to Inform Forest Management on the Navajo Nation Forest Monitoring and Tree Ring Data to Inform Forest Management on the Navajo Nation Irrigation water use in Kansas, 2014 Predicting Coldwater Fish Habitat in Lakes of the Glacial Lakes Region under Changing Land Use and Climate Regimes (Local Assessment) Assessing Stakeholder Needs for Effective Actionable Science Projected Land Use Change for the Conterminous United States (National Assessment) Building Capacity for Coordination of Strategic Science Research in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands