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The surface of the Moon is heterogeneous. Surface materials are classed on the basis of telescopic observations into units, each having a limited range of topographic and other physical such as albedo, the reflectivity under full-Moon illumination. Such units are considered analogous to the rock-stratigraphic formations of terrestrial geology. By application of the principals of superposition and intersection, these rock units are arranged in order of relative age and grouped into time-stratigraphic units. Following terrestrial convention, the major time-stratigraphic units are designated systems, and their subdivision series; corresponding to these units are periods and epochs of time, respectively (Shoemaker,...
Although geologic mapping fo the Moon has its own techniques and problems, systematic observation and the application of established geological principles have allowed the materials and structures of its surface to be delineated and classified into units (Shoemaker and Hackman 1962; McCauley 1967; Wilhelms, 1970). Most of these units are material entities similar to terrestrial rock-stratigraphic units and have been arranged in chronological sequence to form a lunar stratigraphic column. Relative ages are determined by superposition, embayment and cross cutting relations, and by density of superposed craters and degree of topographic freshness (Wilhelms 1970). In addition, crater morphologies are believed to be...
The Wilhelm quadrangle lies along a mare highlands boundary west of the crater Tycho, southeast of Mare Humorum, and southwest of Mare Numbium. The outer scarp of the Orientale basin is 1200 km to the West-Northwest. The quadrangle is characterized by pitted and mantled appearing terra, which in the north is interrupted by patches of mare and in the south by several large pre-Imbrian craters. Most of the mare material occupies angular massif bounded depressions which are approximately concentric and radial to the basins that contain Mare Humorum and Mare Numbium. Most of the large craters are either partly subdued (Wurzelbauer, Montanari), the degree of subdual apparently resulting from a mantle of terra material...
The Schickard quadrangle lies in the southwest quadrant of the near side of the moon between Mare Humorum to the northeast, the Orientale multi-ring basin to the northwest, and the crater Tycho to the east. A northward-trending arcuate chain of large craters occurs along the south and west margins of the quadrangle and includes the 180 km wide crater Schickard, the most conspicuous feature in the quadrangle. The region is part of the southern highlands lunar province and is characterized by rugged and complex topography, 40 percent of which is uplands rising as much as 1600 meters above irregular patches of smooth plains and mare.
The Eridania quadrangle is located within the densely cratered terrain of the southern hemisphere of Mars, east of the large circular Hellas Basin. The area contains three distinct physiographic provinces that divide the quadrangle into latitudinal belts. The northern part of the quadrangle is dominated by cratered upland plateau, the central part by plains, the southern part by a mottled surface of rugged topography and a high density of craters subdued by erosion. In general, the oldest geologic units occur in the upland terrains, the youngest in the central lowlands.
This data set contains estimates of bedload transport entering San Francisco Bay from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Bedload was estimated following the methods of van Rijn (1984) for the Sacramento River at Rio Vista (USGS 11455420) and the San Joaquin River at Jersey Point (USGS 11337190). The inputs the van Rijn (1984) equations included:bed-material particle size, bed-form dimensions, depth, and velocity. Bedload was estimated at 15-minute intervals from Water Year 2011 through Water Year 2020. A "low range" estimate and a "high range" estimate were made. The low-range estimate assumes plane bed conditions and uses only grain size to estimate a hydraulic roughness parameter. The high-range estimate incorporates...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geomorphology,
Hydrology,
Sedimentology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
Almost all the pictures acquired by Mariner 10 that were used for mapping were obtained during the first encounter: those covering the southeast half of the quadrangle are incoming close-encounter images, and those covering the north-west corner are outgoing close-encounter images. At the time the pictures were obtained, the terminator was at about long 7° to 8°, within the eastern part of the quadrangle. A large gap in coverage between in the incoming and outgoing images appears as a northeast-trending diagonal blank strip on the base map. A small part of this gap was filled in the southwestern part of the quadrangle by very poor second-encounter images.
This map sheet is one of a series covering that part of the surface of Mercury that was illuminated during the Mariner 10 encounters. Planimetric control is provided by photogrammetric triangulation using Mariner 10 pictures (Davies and Batson, 1975). Discrepancies between images in the base mosaic and computed control-point positions appear to be less than 5 km. No attempt was made to resolve discrepancies in feature positions on this sheet and those on the Kuiper (H-6) quadrangle to the north and the Bach (H-15) quadrangle to the south. The latter sheets were controlled by an earlier, more preliminary net.
The Beethoven quadrangle is located in the equatorial region of Mercury, in the center of the imaged area. Most pictures of the quadrangle were obtained at high sun angles as the Mariner 10 spacecraft receded from the planet. Images in the northeastern part of the quadrangle are very poor to unusable. Another difficulty in mapping is the poor match in topographic bases between Beethoven and adjacent quadrangles. Mismatches are especially common along the borders with the Kuiper and Discovery quadrangles to the east and southeast.
A field test held in the Hopi Buttes, Arizona, was planned to test geological, geophysical, and analytical operations and instruments that are of potential use in Apollo Extension Systems lunar surface missions. The test was conducted under "shirt-sleeve" conditions, but potentially useful methods of recording and compiling information during lunar exploration were employed. The test showed that by using specially planned procedures, field and analytical information can be evaluated during field operations and compiled at a location that is remote from the field. It also showed that the more information that is analyzed as operations progress, the more effectively can succeeding operations be conducted. Experience...
When the Apollo astronauts land on the Moon, their precise location will not be known. The real-time geologic mapping planned for the first mission could best be done if the exact position of the landing site were determined. The astronauts may have to find their position, with or without assistance from the Earth-based scientific mission center, before leaving the Lunar Module (LM), and the less time this takes, the more time will be available for exploring the lunar surface.
These datasets are created during the irrigation reanalysis workflow (irrigation_reanalysis.zip). The actet_openet.cbh, potet_openet.cbh, and dyn_ag_frac.param area created during step one of the workflow when converting daily OpenET/SSEBop results into input for the NHM. The nhm_2000_2020_ag_irrigation_add.csv, and nhm_2000_2020_ag_irrigation_add_vol.csv area estimated daily results output by the NHM.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Conterminous United States (CONUS),
evapotranspiration,
irrigation,
landuse,
water use
The NABat sampling frame is a grid-based finite-area frame spanning Canada, the United States, and Mexico consisting of N total number of 10- by 10-km (100-km2) grid cell sample units for the continental United States, Canada, and Alaska and 5- by 5-km (25km2) for Hawaii and Puerto Rico. This grain size is biologically appropriate given the scale of movement of most bat species, which routinely travel many kilometers each night between roosts and foraging areas and along foraging routes. A Generalized Random-Tessellation Stratified (GRTS) Survey Design draw was added to the sample units from the raw sampling grids (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M00P17). This dataset represents the final 2018 NABat Sampling grid with...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alaska,
Canada,
Hawaii,
Mexico,
Puerto Rico,
Appendices include the original survey, response data, and collated results related to the Open File Report. Geoscience maps, regardless of target body, are spatial and temporal representations of materials and processes recorded on planetary surfaces (Varnes, 1973; Spencer, 2000). The information and context provided by these maps promote basic and applied research within and across various geoscience disciplines. They also provide an important basis for programmatic and policy decisions (for example, H.R. 2763 – 102nd Congress, National Geologic Mapping Act of 1992). Since 1961, planetary (that is, all solid surface bodies in the Solar System beyond Earth) geoscience maps have been used in nearly every facet of...
This sampling frame is a set of grid-based finite-area frames spanning Canada, the United States, and Mexico. The grid for the United States is broken into individual grids for the continental United States, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Alaska is combined with Canada into a single grid. Each country/state/territory extent consists of four nested sampling grids at 50x50km, 10x10km, 5x5km, and 1x1km resolutions. The original 10x10km continental United States grid was developed by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture for use in the interagency “Bat Grid” monitoring program in the Pacific Northwest and was expanded across Canada, the United States, and Mexico for the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat)....
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alaska,
Canada,
Hawaii,
Mexico,
Puerto Rico,
As part of a large-scale study of nitrate contamination on Kirtland Air Force Base in central New Mexico, the USGS collected groundwater and surface water samples for artificial sweetener analyses. Samples were collected following standard USGS procedures (U.S. Geological Survey, variously dated), filtered to 0.45 microns, and frozen until analysis. Artificial sweeteners analyzed include neotame, acesulfame-K, aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose. Of the 49 sites sampled, 17 sites had measurable detections of artificial sweeteners. Neotame was the most commonly detected sweetener (n=12) followed by saccharin (n=5), acesulfame-K (n=2), aspartame (n=1), and sucralose (n=0). Concentrations ranged from 0.0003–0.011 μg/L...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - In Progress;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: artificial sweetener, hydrology, water quality,
environment
This table describes which data were used to generate the stereoplots depicted in the associated publication. The table further provides measurement averages and eigenvector statistics for the data. These datasets are associated with a manuscript accepted for publication: Mavor, S.P., Bennett, S.E.K., Crow, R.S., Singleton, J.S., Langenheim, V., Stockli, D., Stelten, M., Brickey, T.A., Sr., Umhoefer, P.J., and Beard, L.S., 2023, Evolution of Miocene normal and dextral faulting in the lower Colorado River region near Blythe, California, USA: Geosphere, v. 19, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02608.1.
This dataset represents 740 tributary canyons and/or watersheds adjacent to the Colorado River in Grand Canyon with associated debris flow probabilities from 2004. Also, these data include tributarys canyon and/or watersheds to Glen Canyon and several smaller watersheds in Grand Canyon where debris flow data is currently unavailable. Historic probabilities of debris flow occurrence were estimated by modeling the known frequency distribution with drainage basin parameters observed to control the process by which debris flows initiate and travel to the river. Observations from 1984 through 2003 provide a 20-year record of all debris flows that reached the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, and repeat photography provides...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - In Progress,
Data Release - Provisional;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Arizona,
Colorado River,
Glen Canyon Dam,
Grand Canyon,
USGS:65c3d3b3d34ef4b119cae721,
In many parts of the United States and around the globe, the instrumental earthquake record is insufficient to characterize seismic hazard or constrain potential ground motion intensities from individual sources. This lack of data is particularly acute for the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) of the U.S. Pacific Northwest, where paleoseismic evidence suggests a long history of large megathrust events. While evidence for pre-historic CSZ earthquakes has been discovered onshore and offshore Cascadia, the identification and dating of paleoliquefaction from pre-historic earthquakes offers the best potential for placing quantitative constraints on shaking intensities during past CSZ events. For this dataset, seven Cone...
This digital dataset contains the Hot-Dry (HD) climate scenario data used for the Salinas and Carmel Rivers Basin Study (SCRBS). The Hot-Dry (HD) climate scenario is based on the 10th percentile change in precipitation and the 90th percentile change in temperature. The files included in this child item are the daily 270-meter gridded spatially distributed daily precipitation (PPT), maximum and minimum air temperature (TMX and TMN, respectively), and potential evapotranspiration (PET) from 1/1/2016 to 12/31/2100.
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