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The Relative Impacts of Climate and Land-use Change on Conterminous United States Bird Species from 2001 to 2075 Species distribution models often use climate data to assess contemporary and/or future ranges for animal or plant species. Land use and land cover (LULC) data are important predictor variables for determining species range, yet are rarely used when modeling future distributions. In this study, maximum entropy modeling was used to construct species distribution maps for 50 North American bird species to determine relative contributions of climate and LULC for contemporary (2001) and future (2075) time periods. Results indicate species-specific response to climate and LULC variables; however, both climate and LULC variables clearly are important for modeling both contemporary and potential future species ranges.... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CONUS, CONUS, Change, Climate, Climatology, All tags... Conterminous, Conterminous United States, Ecology, FORE-SCE, Future, IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Land Cover, Land Use, Land Use Change, Lower 48, Model, Projection, Range, SDM, SRES, Scenario, Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, Species Distribution Model, USGS, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States, bird, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 2021 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags Burned Area Reflectance Classification Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic for 2019 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) These data products are preliminary burn severity assessments derived from data obtained from suitable imagery (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B). The pre-fire and post-fire subsets included were used to create a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The dNBR image attempts to portray the variation of burn severity within a fire. The severity ratings are influenced by the effects to the canopy. The severity rating is based upon a composite of the severity to the understory (grass, shrub layers), midstory trees and overstory trees. Because there is often a strong correlation between canopy consumption and soil effects, this algorithm works in many cases for Burned... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: BAER, Burn severity, Burned Area Emergency Response, Burned area, Differenced normalized burn ratio, All tags... Fire location, Landsat, Location, Normalized burn ratio, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Land Cover Database (NLCD) Forest Theme Disturbance Science Product As part of the next generation NLCD 2016 mapping process, the NLCD research team developed a suite of intermediate products that were used to generate the final NLCD Land Cover products. Some of those products also have value as independent products and are provided here. Please read the product descriptions to understand what the product represents. Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: GIS, Image processing, Land Use Land Cover Theme, Land cover, N.L.C.D., All tags... NGDA, NLCD, National Geospatial Data Asset, None, U.S., U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), US, United States, biota, digital spatial data, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2016 Impervious Products The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with several federal agencies, has developed and released four National Land Cover Database (NLCD) products over the past two decades: NLCD 1992, 2001, 2006, and 2011. These products provide spatially explicit and reliable information on the Nation’s land cover and land cover change. To continue the legacy of NLCD and further establish a long-term monitoring capability for the Nation’s land resources, the USGS has designed a new generation of NLCD products named NLCD 2016. The NLCD 2016 design aims to provide innovative, consistent, and robust methodologies for production of a multi-temporal land cover and land cover change database from 2001 to 2016 at 2–3-year... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: GIS, Image processing, Land Use Land Cover Theme, Land cover, NGDA, All tags... National Geospatial Data Asset, None, U.S., U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), US, United States, biota, digital spatial data, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 2005 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 2016 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic for 2022 (ver. 8.0, April 2024) The Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic scales and are intended to meet a variety of information needs that require consistent data about fire effects through space and time. This map layer is a thematic raster image... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, MTBS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags Assembly of satellite-based rainfall datasets in situ data and rainfall climatology contours for the MENA region Information on the spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall is very critical for addressing water related disasters, especially in the arid to semi-arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa region. However, availability of reliable rainfall datasets for the region is limited. In this study we combined observation from satellite-based rainfall data, in situ rain gauge observation and rainfall climatology to create a reliable regional rainfall dataset for Jordan, West Bank and Lebanon. First, we validated three satellite-based rainfall products using rain gauge observations obtained from Jordan (205 stations), Palestine (44 stations) and Lebanon (8 stations). We used the daily 25-km Tropical Rainfall Measuring... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CHIRPS, Jordan, Land Use Change, Lebanon, MENA, All tags... MSWEP, Palestine, RFE, TRMM, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), gauge-station measurements, precipitation, rainfall climatology contours, remote sensing, Fewer tags LCMAP Reference Data Product 1984-2018 land cover, land use and change process attributes (ver. 1.2, November 2021) This product contains plot location data in a .shp format as well as annual land cover, land use, and change process variables for each reference data plot in a separate .csv table. The same information available in the.csv file is also provided in a .xlsx format. The LCMAP Reference Data Product was utilized for evaluation and validation of the Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) land cover and land cover change products. The LCMAP Reference Data Product includes the collection of an independent dataset of 25,000 randomly-distributed 30-meter by 30-meter plots across the conterminous United States (CONUS). This dataset was collected via manual image interpretation to aid in validation of... Categories: Data Release - Revised; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Conterminous United States (CONUS), Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, LCMAP, Land Use/ Land Cover, Landsat, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), land use and land cover change, landcover change, Fewer tags Actual Evapotranspiration at Landsat scale for CONUS from 2010-2019 The estimation and mapping of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is an active area of applied research in the fields of agriculture and water resources. Thermal remote sensing-based methods, using coarse resolution satellites, have been successful at estimating ETa over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and other regions of the world. In this study, we present CONUS-wide ETa from Landsat thermal imagery-using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform. Over 150,000 Landsat satellite images were used to produce 10 years of annual ETa (2010-2019). The accuracy assessment of the SSEBop results included point-based evaluation using monthly... Types: Data, GeoTIFF, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Conterminous United States (CONUS), Google Earth Engine, Hydrology, Land Use Change, Landsat, All tags... Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), basin analysis, eddy covariance, evapotranspiration, remote sensing, water balance, Fewer tags National Land Cover Database (NLCD) All Land Cover Science Products As part of the next generation NLCD 2016 mapping process, the NLCD research team developed a suite of intermediate products that were used to generate the final NLCD Land Cover products. Some of those products also have value as independent products and are provided here. Please read the product descriptions to understand what the product represents. Questions about the NLCD 2016 land cover product can be directed to the NLCD 2016 land cover mapping team at USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov. See included spatial metadata for more details. Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: GIS, Image processing, Land Use Land Cover Theme, Land cover, N.L.C.D., All tags... NGDA, NLCD, National Geospatial Data Asset, None, U.S., U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), US, United States, biota, digital spatial data, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) Version 1.0 Annual Land Cover and Land Cover Change Validation Tables A validation assessment of Land Cover Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection Version 1 annual land cover products (1985–2017) for the Conterminous United States was conducted with an independently collected reference data set. Reference data land cover attributes were assigned by trained interpreters for each year of the time series (1984–2018) to a reference sample of 24,971 randomly-selected Landsat resolution (30m x 30m) pixels. The interpreted land cover attributes were crosswalked to the LCMAP annual land cover classes: Developed, Cropland, Grass/Shrub, Tree Cover, Wetland, Water, Ice/Snow and Barren. Validation analysis directly compared reference labels with annual LCMAP land cover map attributes by cross... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: LCMAP, Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection, Land Use Change, Landsat, Remote Sensing, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States, environment, image analysis, land use and land cover, land use change, location, time series datasets, Fewer tags Forcing and Normalizing Operation (FANO) method for the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) ET model We developed an improved approach to the parameterization of the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model using the Forcing and Normalizing Operation (FANO). The FANO parameterization was implemented on two computing platforms using Landsat and gridded meteorological datasets: 1) Google Earth Engine (GEE) and 2) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center Science Processing Architecture (ESPA). Evaluation was conducted by comparing modeled actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimates with AmeriFlux Eddy Covariance (EC) and water balance ETa from level-8 Hydrologic Unit Code sub-basins in the conterminous United States for five water-years (Oct-Sep; 2009, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2018). The results... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CONUS, Consumptive Use, Evapotranspiration, Hydrology, Landsat, All tags... Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Resources, Water Use, Fewer tags Soil properties dataset in the United States The dataset consists of three raster GeoTIFF files describing the following soil properties in the US: available water capacity, field capacity, and soil porosity. The input data were obtained from the gridded National Soil Survey Geographic (gNATSGO) Database and the Gridded Soil Survey Geographic (gSSURGO) Database with Soil Data Development tools provided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service. The soil characteristics derived from the databases were Available Water Capacity (AWC), Water Content (one-third bar) (WC), and Bulk Density (one-third bar) (BD) aggregated as weighted average values in the upper 1 m of soil. AWC and WC layers were converted to mm/m to express respectively available water capacity... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Land Use Change, Soil Sciences, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Veg ET model, Water Resources, All tags... agriculture, available water capacity, field capacity, gNATSGO, porosity, remote sensing, soil moisture, soil physical properties, water use, water use, Fewer tags Unit hydrographs of evolving urban watersheds across the United States The dataset contains the land cover, climate (precipitation and air temperature), unit hydrograph and its characteristics (peak and time to peak), and study watershed boundaries. These data were applied to investigate the impacts of changes in land cover and climate on stormflow of evolving six urban watersheds, representing six different hydroclimate of the conterminous United States. Overall, the study found increasing trends in peak and decreasing trends in time to peak of unit hydrographs, suggesting larger and quicker stormflows driven by changes in land cover and climate. The long-term trends in unit hydrograph characteristics could be useful for projecting future stormflows and implementing flood forecasting... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC) Burned Area Reflectance Classification Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic (ver. 7.0, April 2024) These data products are preliminary burn severity assessments derived from data obtained from suitable imagery (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B). The pre-fire and post-fire subsets included were used to create a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The dNBR image attempts to portray the variation of burn severity within a fire. The severity ratings are influenced by the effects to the canopy. The severity rating is based upon a composite of the severity to the understory (grass, shrub layers), midstory trees and overstory trees. Because there is often a strong correlation between canopy consumption and soil effects, this algorithm works in many cases for Burned... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: BAER, Burn severity, Burned Area Emergency Response, Burned area, Differenced normalized burn ratio, All tags... Fire location, Landsat, Location, Normalized burn ratio, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 1986 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 1991 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags National Park Service Thematic Burn Severity Mosaic in 2000 (ver. 6.0, January 2024) The National Park Service (NPS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AK, Alaska, Burn severity, Burned area, CONUS, All tags... Continental U.S., Differenced normalized burn ratio, Fire location, Fire occurrence, HI, Hawaii, Landsat, Location, NPS, Normalized burn ratio, PR, Prescribed fire, Puerto Rico, Sentinel, US, United States, Wildfire, Wildland fire, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, Fewer tags « 1 2 3 4 5 6 »