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We used spatial data from previously mapped preferential groundwater discharges throughout the Farmington River watershed in Connecticut and Massachusetts (https://doi.org/10.5066/P915E8JY) to guide water sample collection at known locations of groundwater discharging to surface water. In 2017 and 2019 - 2021, samples were collected during general river baseflow conditions (July – November, <30.9 cms mean daily discharge (USGS gage 01189995, statistics 2010-2022) when the riverbank discharge points were exposed. We collected a suite of dissolved constituents and stable isotopes of water directly in the shallow saturated sediments of active points of discharge, and coincident stream chemical samples were also collected...
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The Neversink River watershed (above the Neversink Reservoir) has been a focus of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research regarding stream geochemistry, acidification, and ecology dynamics for decades. In 2019, the Water Mission Area Next Generation Water Observing Systems Program augmented the existing stream gage network there, including instrumentation to specifically characterize various aspects of groundwater discharge to streams. An important control on the spatiotemporal dynamics of groundwater discharge can be stream valley corridor depth to bedrock, otherwise conceptualized as the thickness of unconsolidated sediments sediments over the contiguous bedrock interface. In June 2019, and November 2020, passive...
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In summer in Massachusetts, USA, preferential groundwater discharge zones are often colder than adjacent streambed areas that do not have substantial discharge. Therefore, discharge zones can efficiently be identified and mapped over space using heat as a tracer. This data release contains fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) data collected along the streambed interface of the main channel and tributaries of the upper Quashnet River, within approximately 1 km of Johns Pond, from June 14 to June 20, 2020. For these deployments a Salixa XT-DTS control unit (Salixa Ltd, Hertfordshire, UK) was used, and measurements were made over several day increments at 0.508 m linear resolution. Specific locations...
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As the climate warms and dry periods become more extreme, shallow groundwater discharge is generally becoming a less reliable source of streamflow while deep groundwater discharge remains a more resilient source. The implications of shifts in the relative balance of shallow and deep groundwater discharge sources are profound in gaining streams. These different sources exert critical controls on stream temperature and water quality as influenced by legacy groundwater contaminant transport. Groundwater discharge flux rates over time were used for the inference of source groundwater characteristics to prominent riverbank groundwater discharge faces along the mainstem Farmington River, CT USA. To estimate groundwater...
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The Neversink River watershed (above the Neversink Reservoir) in the Catskill Mountains of New York, USA has been a focus of U.S. Geological Survey research for decades regarding stream geochemistry, acidification, and ecology dynamics. In 2019, the Water Mission Area Next Generation Water Observing Systems Program (NGWOS) augmented the existing stream gage network to include multiscale instrumentation aimed at characterizing various aspects of groundwater discharge to streams, including the collection of paired air and stream water temperature monitoring stations. Groundwater discharge from hillslopes and underlying aquifers acts as an important component of stream baseflow, and influences stream thermal regimes,...
    map background search result map search result map Passive seismic depth to bedrock data collected along headwater stream corridors in the Neversink River watershed, NY, USA Riverbank vertical temperature profiler data and calculated groundwater discharge flux estimates from the Farmington River corridor, CT, USA Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing data collected for improved mapping and monitoring of contaminated groundwater discharges along the upper Quashnet River, Mashpee and Falmouth, Massachusetts, USA 2020 Biogeochemical and source characteristics of preferential groundwater discharge in the Farmington River watershed (Connecticut and Massachusetts, 2017 - 2021) Conceptual headwater stream daily heat budget scenarios under varied shading and groundwater influence Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing data collected for improved mapping and monitoring of contaminated groundwater discharges along the upper Quashnet River, Mashpee and Falmouth, Massachusetts, USA 2020 Riverbank vertical temperature profiler data and calculated groundwater discharge flux estimates from the Farmington River corridor, CT, USA Passive seismic depth to bedrock data collected along headwater stream corridors in the Neversink River watershed, NY, USA Conceptual headwater stream daily heat budget scenarios under varied shading and groundwater influence Biogeochemical and source characteristics of preferential groundwater discharge in the Farmington River watershed (Connecticut and Massachusetts, 2017 - 2021)