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Subaerial landslides at the head of Barry Arm Fjord in southern Alaska could generate tsunamis (if they rapidly failed into the Fjord) and are therefore a potential threat to people, marine interests, and infrastructure throughout the Prince William Sound region. Knowledge of ongoing landslide movement is essential to understanding the threat posed by the landslides. Because of the landslides' remote location, field-based ground monitoring is challenging. Alternatively, periodic acquisition and interferometric processing of satellite-based synthetic aperture radar data provide an accurate means to remotely monitor landslide movement. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) uses two Synthetic Aperture...
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Here we present an inventory of remotely and field-observed landslides triggered by 2019-2020 Puerto Rico earthquake sequence. The inventory was mapped using pre- and post-event satellite imagery (PR_landslide_inventory_imagery.csv), an extensive collection of field observations (https://doi.org/10.5066/P96QNFMB) and using pre-earthquake lidar as guidance for mapping polygons with more precise locations and geometries (2015 - 2017 USGS Lidar DEM: Puerto Rico dataset). The inventory consists of a shapefile of 309 polygons (PR_landslide_inventory_pts.shp) outlining the source area and deposits together. It also includes a point inventory (PR_landslide_inventory_pts.shp) marking 170 individual displaced boulders that...
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We monitored displacement of the Slumgullion landslide located in Hinsdale County, Colorado. We measured displacement at the ground surface between 12 August 2011 and 10 October 2018, and in the subsurface between 4 September 2016 and 7 December 2016. Both types of data were acquired at irregular time intervals. Displacement at the ground surface was measured at locations within the upper, middle, and lower parts of the landslide using electronic cable extension transducers (extensometers) with stated ±0.7 mm accuracy (Extensometer_data.csv). Subsurface displacement was measured near the middle of the landslide using a 16-sensor array of 30.48-cm-long tilt sensors (inclinometer) installed within a PVC-cased borehole....
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Landslides are damaging and deadly, and they occur in every U.S. state. However, our current ability to understand landslide hazards at the national scale is limited, in part because spatial data on landslide occurrence across the U.S. varies greatly in quality, accessibility, and extent. Landslide inventories are typically collected and maintained by different agencies and institutions, usually within specific jurisdictional boundaries, and often with varied objectives and information attributes or even in disparate formats. The purpose of this data release is to provide an openly accessible, centralized map of existing information on landslide occurrence across the entire U.S. The data release includes digital...
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In late September 2017, intense precipitation associated with Hurricane Maria caused extensive landsliding across Puerto Rico. Much of the Utuado municipality in central Puerto Rico was severely impacted by landslides. Landslide density in this region was mapped as greater than 25 landslides/km2 (Bessette-Kirton et al., 2019). In order to better understand the controlling variables of landslide occurrence and runout in this region, four 2.5-km2 study areas were selected and all landslides within were mapped in detail using remote-sensing data. Included in the data release are five separate shapefiles: geographic areas representing the mapping extent of the four distinct areas (map areas, filename: map_areas), initiation...
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This data release supports the analysis of the recurrence interval of post-fire debris-flow generating rainfall in the southwestern United States. We define the recurrence interval of the peak 15-, 30-, and 60-minute rainfall intensities for 316 observations of post-fire debris-flow occurrence in 18 burn areas, 5 U.S. states, and 7 climate types. These data support the analysis described in Staley et al. (2020). Debris flow occurrence data and corresponding peak rainfall intensities are from Staley et al. (2016). Recurrence interval data are from NOAA Atlas 14 Volume 1: semiarid southwestern United States (Bonnin et al., 2004), Volume 6: California (Perica et al., 2014) and Volume 8: Midwestern States (Perica...
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Summary This data release contains postprocessed model output from simulations of hypothetical rapid motion of landslides, subsequent wave generation, and wave propagation. A modeled tsunami wave was generated by rapid motion of unstable material into Barry Arm Fjord. This wave propagated through Prince William Sound and then into Passage Canal east of Whittier. Here we consider only the largest wave-generating scenario presented by Barnhart and others (2021a, 2021b) and use a simulation setup similar to that work. The results presented here are not identical to those presented in Barnhart and others (2021a, 2021b) because the results in this data release were obtained using an expanded dataset of topography and...
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This Data Release includes information to support the characterization of surface/near-surface infiltration rates of selected landslide source area materials following Hurricane Maria across Puerto Rico, USA. The dataset includes comma-delimited measurements of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) collected over two field campaigns (Fall 2018 and Spring 2019) as well as laboratory-derived measurements of soil/saprolite texture. The Kfs experiments were conducted within (or in the vicinity of) landslide source areas across the three primary geologic terranes on the island (Bawiec, 1998), including intrusive, volcaniclastic, and submarine basalt/chert lithologies. Depending on site conditions and the hydrologic...
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Mass-wasting events that displace water, whether they initiate from underwater sources (submarine landslides) or subaerial sources (subaerial-to-submarine landslides), have the potential to cause tsunami waves that can pose a significant threat to human life and infrastructure in coastal areas (for example towns, cruise ships, bridges, oil platforms, and communication lines). Sheltered inlets and narrow bays can be locations of especially high risk as they often have higher human populations, and the effects of water displacement from moving sediment can be amplified as compared to the effects from similarly sized mass movements in open water. In landscapes undergoing deglaciation, such as the fjords and mountain...
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In September 2017, Hurricane Maria caused widespread landsliding throughout mountainous regions of Puerto Rico. Nearly all landslides mobilized as debris flows (Bessette-Kirton et al., 2019), but herein, we simply use the term “landslides” when describing all types of slope failures that occurred during Hurricane Maria. To examine the extent and physical characteristics of landslides in severely impacted areas (defined as having high landslide density (>25 landslides/km2) by Bessette-Kirton et al., 2017, 2019), we mapped individual landslides at scales between 1:600 and 1:1,000 in four 2.5 km2 study areas in the Mayagüez/Añasco/Las Marías (LAM1), Las Marías/Lares (LAM2), Naranjito (NAR), and Utuado (UTU) municipalities....
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In late September 2017, intense precipitation associated with Hurricane Maria caused extensive landsliding across Puerto Rico. Much of the Lares municipality in central-western Puerto Rico was severely impacted by landslides. Landslide density in this region was mapped as greater than 25 landslides/km2 (Bessette-Kirton et al., 2019). In order to better understand the controlling variables of landslide occurrence and runout in this region, three 2.5-km2 study areas were selected and all landslides within were mapped in detail using remote-sensing data. Included in the data release are five separate shapefiles: geographic areas representing the mapping extent of the four distinct areas (map areas, filename: map_areas),...
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In Puerto Rico, tens of thousands of landslides, slumps, debris flows, rock falls, and other slope failures were triggered by Hurricane María, which made landfall on 20 September 2017. “Landslide” is used here and below to represent all types of slope failures. This dataset is a point shapefile of landslide headscarps identified across Puerto Rico using georeferenced aerial and satellite imagery recorded following the hurricane. The imagery used includes publicly available aerial imagery obtained by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA; Quantum Spatial, Inc., 2017), aerial imagery obtained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA; NOAA, 2017), and several WorldView satellite imagery...
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Introduction This data release is a compilation of known mass movements that generated seismic signals recorded by seismic networks. It represents a major update of a previous data release (Allstadt and others, 2017) available at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7251H3W. This update includes all events published in the previous data release along with more instances of landslides, debris flows, snow avalanches, outburst floods, and lahars, as well as new event types including mine collapses, a submarine landslide, a volcanic flank collapse, and a pyroclastic density current. The 2017 release included only mass movements in the western United States and Canada. The current data release adds new events in North America, and...
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On 9 January 2018, intense rain above Montecito, California triggered a series of debris flows from steep catchments in the Santa Ynez Mountains. These catchments were burned three weeks earlier by the 1140 km2 Thomas Fire. After exiting the mountain front, the debris flows traveled over 3 km down a series of alluvial fans, killing 23 people and damaging over 400 homes. To understand the flow dynamics and damage of the debris flows and to provide a data set for testing debris-flow runout models, we mapped the inundation characteristics of the five main debris-flow runout paths in Montecito. Here we present our map data on the boundaries of debris-flow inundation, flow depth, and deposit characteristics and link...
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An ASD FieldSpec 4 Hi-Res NG Spectroradiometer was used to collect the reflectance properties of soil and rock in southcentral Alaska, USA (Figure 1) around the city of Anchorage (Figure 2) and the Prince William Sound (Figure 3). Reflectance is a property of the material being observed, being the ratio of the amount of light leaving a target to the amount of light striking the target. Reflectance is a unitless value from 0 to 1, where a value of 0 indicates that the material absorbs all energy and 1 indicates total reflectance. Additionally, samples were collected from the field and later measured using the spectrometer in the laboratory. Both field and laboratory data were collected in the summer and fall of 2022....
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We performed laboratory time-dependent creep and stress-oscillation earthquake simulations in uniaxial loading in compression and tension on four blocks of porphyritic dacite collected from pyroclastic deposits of Mt. Fugen, of the Unzen-dake volcanic complex in Japan (referred to as ‘Unzen volcano’). Experiments were carried out in the Experimental Volcanology and Geothermal Research Laboratory at the University of Liverpool. Loading experiments were carried out in a 100 kN Instron 8800 uniaxial press at room temperature using both compression tests, and Brazilian disk tests to provide the indirect tensile strength (hereafter referred to as tensile strength/tension tests). Load was recorded by an Instron Dynacell...
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In late September 2017, intense precipitation associated with Hurricane Maria caused extensive landsliding across Puerto Rico. Much of the Las Marías municipality in central-western Puerto Rico was severely impacted by landslides. Landslide density in this region was mapped as greater than 25 landslides/km² (Bessette-Kirton et al., 2019). In order to better understand the controlling variables of landslide occurrence and runout in this region, two 2.5-km² study areas were selected, and all landslides within each area were mapped in detail using remote-sensing data. Included in the data release are five separate shapefiles: geographic areas representing the mapping extent of the two distinct areas (map areas, filename:...
We performed hourly monitoring of precipitation and soil moisture at the Two Towers landslide located in northern California near the town of Zenia. Data were acquired January 19, 2017 to April 29, 2020. Rainfall was measured near the center of the landslide using a tipping-bucket rain gauge with resolution of 0.254 mm and accuracy of ±2% to 250 mm/h (resolutions and accuracies stated herein are as specified by sensor manufacturers and accounting for datalogger resolution). Soil moisture (volumetric ratio of water volume to total volume; unitless) was measured near the center of the landslide using a dielectric sensor installed at 19-cm depth into the wall of a hand-excavated pit that was subsequently backfilled...
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This data release includes minidisk infiltration data as well as geographic data showing the location of each measurement from the Woolsey Fire, Los Angeles County, CA, USA. The Woolsey Fire burned between November 8-21, 2018. Minidisk infiltration data were obtained on November 19-21, 2018, while portions of the fire were uncontained, and prior to any rainfall. The infiltration data are in the comma separated variable (csv) files with the prefix: woolsey_minidisks followed by the site name. For example, the data obtained at site WD-1 are in the file named: woolsey_minidisks_WD-1.csv. Within each csv file there are 5 columns: Level (mL) – the level of the falling head in the minidisk, Minutes, Seconds, and Suction...
    map background search result map search result map Debris-flow inundation and damage data from the 9 January 2018 Montecito debris-flow event Landslide Inventories across the United States Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in four study areas of Puerto Rico Infiltration data collected post-Hurricane Maria across landslide source area materials, Puerto Rico, USA Map of slope-failure locations in Puerto Rico after Hurricane María Data from in-situ displacement monitoring, Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado Inventory map of submarine and subaerial-to-submarine landslides in Glacier Bay, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska Inventory of landslides triggered by the 2020 Puerto Rico earthquake sequence Interferometric synthetic aperture radar data from 2020 for landslides at Barry Arm Fjord, Alaska Data supporting an analysis of the recurrence interval of post-fire debris-flow generating rainfall in the southwestern United States Precipitation and soil-moisture data from the Two Towers landslide, Trinity County, California Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in four study areas in the Utuado Municipality, Puerto Rico Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in three study areas in the Lares Municipality, Puerto Rico Simulated inundation extent and depth at Whittier, Alaska resulting from the hypothetical rapid motion of landslides into Barry Arm Fjord, Prince William Sound, Alaska Woolsey Fire Infiltration Measurements 19-21 November 2018 Santa Monica Mountains, CA Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in two study areas in the Las Marías Municipality, Puerto Rico Spectral reflectance data of rock and soil in southcentral Alaska Data for Laboratory simulation of earthquake-induced damage in lava dome rocks Seismogenic Landslides and other Mass Movements (ver. 2.0, December 2023) Precipitation and soil-moisture data from the Two Towers landslide, Trinity County, California Simulated inundation extent and depth at Whittier, Alaska resulting from the hypothetical rapid motion of landslides into Barry Arm Fjord, Prince William Sound, Alaska Data for Laboratory simulation of earthquake-induced damage in lava dome rocks Interferometric synthetic aperture radar data from 2020 for landslides at Barry Arm Fjord, Alaska Debris-flow inundation and damage data from the 9 January 2018 Montecito debris-flow event Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in two study areas in the Las Marías Municipality, Puerto Rico Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in three study areas in the Lares Municipality, Puerto Rico Woolsey Fire Infiltration Measurements 19-21 November 2018 Santa Monica Mountains, CA Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in four study areas in the Utuado Municipality, Puerto Rico Map data from landslides triggered by Hurricane Maria in four study areas of Puerto Rico Inventory of landslides triggered by the 2020 Puerto Rico earthquake sequence Inventory map of submarine and subaerial-to-submarine landslides in Glacier Bay, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska Spectral reflectance data of rock and soil in southcentral Alaska Data supporting an analysis of the recurrence interval of post-fire debris-flow generating rainfall in the southwestern United States Landslide Inventories across the United States Seismogenic Landslides and other Mass Movements (ver. 2.0, December 2023) Infiltration data collected post-Hurricane Maria across landslide source area materials, Puerto Rico, USA