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To facilitate camera-based snow depth observations without additional equipment installation, we developed a novel method implemented in an R package called edger to superimpose virtual measurement devices onto images. The virtual snow stakes can be used to derive snow depth measurements. We validated the method for snow depth estimation using camera data from Latah County, Idaho, USA in winter 2020–2021. Physical snow stakes were installed in the camera viewshed with which snow depth measurements were taken. Then, virtual snow stakes were superimposed on the images using edger and images were cropped to exclude the physical snow stake so that the two snow depth measurements could be compared. This dataset contains...
Modeled soil moisture raster maps (4km-pixels) displaying volumetric water content (VWC) and fraction of available water (FAW) in 10-cm depth increments for the 2015-2019 period for the Red River and Rio Grande basins.
U.S. States (Generalized) represents the fifty states and the District of Columbia of the United States. The Northwest Climate Science Center (NW CSC) Science Agenda outlines the overall science direction for the NW CSC in 2012-2016. It forms an integral part of the NW CSC Strategic Plan for 2012-2016 and was developed with input from cultural and natural resource managers in the Northwest. The Science Agenda guides the NW CSC and its Executive Stakeholder Advisory Committee ( ESAC) in the identification of annual and long-term research priorities to be funded by the NW CSC.
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This USGS data release contains 7Q10 and 30Q10 [lowest annual 7-day and 30-day average streamflow that occurs (on average) once every 10 years] statistics at 292 USGS streamgages in or adjacent to New York State excluding Long Island. all_sites_wstats.csv - includes 7Q10 and 30Q10 values for all sites and includes information on results from the trend analysis and which sites have daily exceedance probability values available. site_regulated_7day_exc_perc#.csv and site_regulated_30day_exc_perc#.csv files include daily exceedance probability values for all altered sites that were not suitable for calculating low flow statistics. R scripts used to compile and screen streamgage datasets of daily flow, perform...
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This dataset contains data collected within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield (STRI) near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. This dataset contains measurements of soil nitrate (parts per million) at certain quadrat locations (points) within 12 selected cedar glades. These measurements were obtained according to the following protocol: (1) for each quadrat location (point), one soil sample was obtained under sterile conditions, using a trowel wiped with methanol and rinsed with distilled water, and was placed into an autoclaved jar with a tight-fitting lid and placed on ice, (2) soil samples were transported to lab facilities on ice and immediately refrigerated, (3) soil samples were transferred to...
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This dataset contains data collected within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield (STRI) near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. This dataset contains information on soil microbial metabolic diversity for soil samples obtained from certain quadrat locations (points) within 12 selected cedar glades. This information derives from substrate utilization profiles based on Biolog EcoPlates (Biolog, Inc., Hayward, CA, USA) which were inoculated with soil slurries containing the entire microbial community present in each soil sample. EcoPlates contain 31 sole-carbon substrates (present in triplicate on each plate) and one blank (control) well. Once the microbial community from a soil sample is inoculated onto...
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Aquatic invasive species are often transported between water bodies on boats or boat trailers, thus they are considered one of the primary vectors for new introductions of invasive species to a water body. This data set contains geographic positioning system locational data for boater access points, use data (i.e. recreational, fishing), water quality measurements (e.g. calcium concentrations, pH), risk assessment data, and other physical attributes (i.e. size, elevation) where available within the Columbia and Snake Rivers and throughout the Columbia River Basin. This work builds on an earlier body of work by Wells et al. 2011, Prioritizing Zebra and Quagga Mussel Monitoring in the Columbia River Basin (PDF link...
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This dataset contains data collected within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield (STRI) near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. This dataset represents data collected at 150 quadrat locations (points) within 12 selected cedar glades and contains quantitative characterizations of the ground surface, measurements of depth to bedrock (soil depth), and calculations of canopy coverage based on digital photography. When combined with the hydrologic and soil chemical and microbiological datasets described in the summary section, this information can be used to evaluate relationships between abiotic stressors (such as extreme hydrologic conditions, extreme temperatures, or thin soils) and soil microbial indicators....
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This dataset compiles land ownership and management data from state and federal agencies to create a map showing ownership, management, and conservation status of all land in Alaska. State, federal, and private lands, including Native corporations and Native allotments, are included. Conservation status describes the degree to which land, particularly public land, is legally designated and explicitly managed for biodiversity conservation. The most common classification, developed by the USGS GAP Program (www.gap.uidaho.edu), classifies land management types into four conservation status categories according to the degree to which the land is explicitly managed for conservation. In general, conservation status 1...
A nested sampling network on the Colorado (CR) and Missouri Rivers (MR) provided data to assess impacts of large-scale reservoir systems and climate on carbon export. The Load Estimator (LOADEST) model was used to estimate both dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC and DOC) fluxes for a total of 22 sites along the main stems of the CR and MR. Both the upper CR and MR DIC and DOC fluxes increased longitudinally, but the lower CR fluxes decreased while the lower MRs continued to increase. We examined multiple factors through space and time that help explain these flux patterns. Seasonal variability in precipitation and temperature, along with site-level concentration versus discharge relationships proved to...
Climate change and the concurrent change in wildfire events and land use comprehensively affect carbon dynamics in both spatial and temporal dimensions. The purpose of this study was to project the spatial and temporal aspects of carbon storage in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) under these changes from 2006 to 2050. We selected three emission scenarios and produced simulations with the CENTURY model using three General Circulation Models (GCMs) for each scenario. We also incorporated projected land use change and fire occurrence into the carbon accounting.
The distribution of permafrost is important to understand because of permafrost's influence on high-latitude ecosystem structure and functions. Moreover, near-surface (defined here as within 1 m of the Earth's surface) permafrost is particularly susceptible to a warming climate and is generally poorly mapped at regional scales. Subsequently, our objectives were to (1) develop the first-known binary and probabilistic maps of near-surface permafrost distributions at a 30 m resolution in the Alaskan Yukon River Basin by employing decision tree models, field measurements, and remotely sensed and mapped biophysical data; (2) evaluate the relative contribution of 39 biophysical variables used in the models; and (3) assess...
The purpose of this study was to determine the history of paleosalinity over the past 6000+ years in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (the Delta), which is the innermost part of the San Francisco Estuary. We used a combination of Sr and U concentrations, δ87Sr values, and 234U/238U activity ratios (AR) in peat as proxies for tracking paleosalinity. Peat cores were collected in marshes on Browns Island, Franks Wetland, and Bacon Channel Island in the Delta. Cores were dated using 137Cs, the onset of Pb and Hg contamination from hydraulic gold mining, and 14C. A proof of concept study showed that the dominant emergent macrophyte and major component of peat in the Delta, Schoenoplectus spp., incorporates Sr and U and...
Separate data for floodplain elevation and bathymetry were collected on the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program. While many information needs can be met by using these data separately, in many cases seamless elevation data across the river and its floodplain are needed. This seamless elevation surface was generated by merging lidar (i.e., floodplain elevation) and bathymetry data. Merging the data required special processing in the areas of transition between the two sources of data.
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Separate data for floodplain elevation and bathymetry were collected on the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Upper Mississippi River Restoration (UMRR) program. While many information needs can be met by using these data separately, in many cases seamless elevation data across the river and its floodplain are needed. This seamless elevation surface was generated by merging lidar (i.e., floodplain elevation) and bathymetry data. Merging the data required special processing in the areas of transition between the two sources of data.
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Assessment of temporal trends in vegetation greenness and related influences aids understanding of recent changes in terrestrial ecosystems and feedbacks from weather, climate, and environment. We analyzed 1-km normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series data (1989–2016) derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and developed growing-season time-integrated NDVI (GS-TIN) for estimating seasonal vegetation activity across stable natural land cover in the conterminous United States (CONUS). After removing areas from analysis that had experienced land-cover conversion or modification, we conducted a monotonic trend analysis on the GS-TIN time series and found that significant positive...
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Kansas is one of the most productive agricultural states in the United States, where agricultural irrigation is a primary user of underground and surface water. Because of low precipitation and declining groundwater levels in western and central Kansas, sustainable management of irrigation water resources is a critical issue in the agricultural productivity of the state. The objective of this study is to analyze and characterize the water use and water balance in the croplands of Kansas using satellite observations, meteorological data, and in situ irrigation water use records. We used actual evapotranspiration (ETa), precipitation, soil moisture, and irrigation water use to calculate water balance for Kansas in...
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Remote camera data on snow presence, snow depth, and wildlife detections on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA. Reconyx Hyperfire I and Hyperfire II cameras were set to take hourly timelapse images and motion-triggered images from October 2020 - May 2021 at 5 elevation categories (800-925m, 925-1050m, 1050-1175m, 1775-1300m, and > 1300m), 4 aspects (N, S, E, and W), and 3 canopy densities (Sparse [0-35%], Moderate [35-75%], and Dense [75-100%]), in duplicate, plus 17 selected microclimates (137 locations total), on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID. Images from 27 other locations were part of a pilot experiment during January to May 2020. Data in the CSVs include image metadata, camera site characteristics,...
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These model objects are the outputs of three Boosted Regression Tree models (for three different time periods) to explore the role of climate change and variability in driving ecological change and transformation. Response variables were the proportion of sites in each ecoregion with peak rates of change at 100-year time steps. Predictor variables included temperature anomaly, temperature trend, temperature variability, precipitation anomaly, precipitation trend, precipitation variability and ecoregion, also at 100-yr time steps. Models focused on the most distant time periods (0-21000 BP and 7500 - 21000 BP) show that rapid vegetation change was initiated across these landscapes once a 2 ℃ temperature increase...
map background search result map search result map NHD Swamp/Marsh for the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative (COPY) Ground-surface characterization data for 150 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Shannon diversity index data based on Community Level Physiological Profiling (CLPP) of soil samples from 120 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Soil nitrate data for 120 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Boat ramp locations within the Columbia River Basin with associated recreational use, water quality measurements, and risk assessment data for zebra and quagga mussels UMRR Pool 07 Topobathy Management and Conservation Stewardship of Alaska Lands, 2006, The Nature Conservancy UMRR Pool 05a Topobathy Soil Moisture Data for the Red River and Rio Grande Basins from 2015-2019 Climate drivers of rapid ecological change at the landscape scale over the last 21,000 years in the Middle and Southern Rockies, U.S.A. Snow and Wildlife Detections from Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA (10/20/20-6/30/21) Characterization of water use and water balance for the croplands of Kansas using satellite, climate, and irrigation data Validation of the "edger" Virtual Snow Stake Temporal Greenness Trends in Stable Natural Land Cover and Relationships with Climatic Variability across the Conterminous United States Low-Flow Statistics for New York State, Excluding Long Island, Computed Through March 2022 Shannon diversity index data based on Community Level Physiological Profiling (CLPP) of soil samples from 120 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Soil nitrate data for 120 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Ground-surface characterization data for 150 point locations within limestone cedar glades at Stones River National Battlefield near Murfreesboro, Tennessee Snow and Wildlife Detections from Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA (10/20/20-6/30/21) Validation of the "edger" Virtual Snow Stake UMRR Pool 05a Topobathy UMRR Pool 07 Topobathy Low-Flow Statistics for New York State, Excluding Long Island, Computed Through March 2022 Characterization of water use and water balance for the croplands of Kansas using satellite, climate, and irrigation data Soil Moisture Data for the Red River and Rio Grande Basins from 2015-2019 Climate drivers of rapid ecological change at the landscape scale over the last 21,000 years in the Middle and Southern Rockies, U.S.A. NHD Swamp/Marsh for the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative (COPY) Boat ramp locations within the Columbia River Basin with associated recreational use, water quality measurements, and risk assessment data for zebra and quagga mussels Management and Conservation Stewardship of Alaska Lands, 2006, The Nature Conservancy Temporal Greenness Trends in Stable Natural Land Cover and Relationships with Climatic Variability across the Conterminous United States