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This dataset provides the water-quality results for organic and inorganic concentrations analyzed from samples collected at residential tapwater faucets, sourced from private drinking water wells in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Samples were collected in July and August, 2018 from 20 locations. Samples were analyzed at various U.S. Geological Survey laboratories: the National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado for organic compounds; the Redox Chemistry Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado for inorganic constituents; the Organic Geochemistry Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas for microcystin analyses; and the Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory in Sacramento, California for disinfectant byproduct analyses. Additionally,...
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Lake-bottom sediment and associated quality-control samples were collected in August 2020 from one coring location (U.S. Geological Survey station 413756070321301, ASHUMET POND, MASHPEE MI-ASHPD-0011) in Ashumet Pond downgradient from a former fire-training area on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The core was collected to determine if per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were present in the bottom sediments of a lake known to have elevated concentrations of PFAS in surface water and groundwater (Tokranov and others, 2021), and whether the sediments could act as a continuous source of PFAS to the lake. Processing the sediment core entailed collection of discrete samples at intervals ranging from 1-5 centimeters (cm)...
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On June 5, 2015, transient electromagnetic (TEM) data were acquired on the baseball field at the East Falmouth, Massachusetts Elementary School approximately 30 m north the well MA-FWS-750. Transient electromagnetic induction (TEM) surveys provide resistivity soundings of the subsurface, which can be related to lithology and hydrogeology. Electrical current is cycled through a wire placed on the land surface in a transmitter loop (Tx), which in turn produces a static magnetic field. When the current is abruptly terminated, an instantaneous current is induced in the earth, and it moves downward and outward as the induced current decays with time. The decay is controlled by the resistivity of the earth. One or more...
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This data release presents chemical and biological results from an investigation of the uptake of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from groundwater contaminated by fire training activities on Cape Cod, Massachusetts conducted from July to August 2019. An exposure experiment was conducted at an a PFAS contaminated site (FTA-1) near the fire training area (FTA). To assess the tissue-specific uptake characteristics of the mixture of PFAS present in the groundwater from the FTA-1 site, a 21-day mobile laboratory exposure experiment was conducted. Details for the groundwater sampling sites and well construction are presented (Table 1). The PFAS mixture concentrations and composition in groundwater and in fish...
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This dataset includes ESRI Shapefiles of the May 30, 2007, July 31, 2008, August 14,2014, and August 4, 2015 shoreline positions and the boundary of a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier at Ashumet Pond, Falmouth, MA as determined by using a handheld GPS. This data release is provided in support of the journal article: McCobb, T.D., Briggs, M.A., LeBlanc, D.R., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Johnson C.D., 2018, Evaluating long-term patterns of decreasing groundwater discharge through a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 220: p. 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.02.083. This data release contains all files required to replicate the results of the associated journal...
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In March 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a borehole, MA-FSW-750-0100, through the unconsolidated sediments and 1.5 m into the bedrock in East Falmouth, Massachusetts, to improve understanding of the glacial history and hydrologic properties of the Cape Cod aquifer. Prior to drilling, candidate sites were investigated using surface geophysical methods. Passive seismic horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methods were used to estimate the depth of the unconsolidated deposits over bedrock. Transient electromagnetic (TEM) surveys were conducted to characterize the lithology and salinity of formation water in the subsurface, which was used to plan the borehole completion. The specific conductance of...
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This data release presents chemical and biological results from an investigation of the uptake of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from groundwater contaminated by fire training activities on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Exposure experiments were conducted from August 29 to September 21, 2018 using groundwater from a relatively uncontaminated reference site and a fire training area contaminated site. To assess the uptake characteristics of the PFAS mixtures present in the 2 groundwater sources, 21-day mobile laboratory exposure experiments were conducted using fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), polar organic chemical integrative samplers, and polyethylene tube samplers. Freshwater mussel (Ligumia subrostrata)...
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A pulsed magnetic resonance borehole tool was used to characterize hydraulic properties of the aquifer. Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (bNMR) logs were collected to measure the water content and to estimate the pore-size distribution and hydraulic conductivity (K) over the depth of the borehole. The bNMR data were collected July 25-26, 2016, and were processed August 2016.
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In March 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a borehole, MA-FSW-750, through the unconsolidated sediments and 1.5 m into the bedrock in East Falmouth, Massachusetts, to improve understanding of the glacial history and hydrologic properties of the Cape Cod aquifer. Polyvinyl casing was set through the overburden and into the bedrock. About 10 days after borehole MA-FSW-750 was drilled, it was logged with geophysical methods including natural gamma radiation and electromagnetic induction (EMI) logs to identify changes in the lithology and fluid properties of the subsurface. In addition, the gamma and EMI logs were collected about 100 days after drilling, which allowed the drilling fluids to be displaced and natural...
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Passive seismic horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methods were used to estimate the depth of the unconsolidated deposits over bedrock. The HVSR method uses a three-component seismometer to measure the vertical and two horizontal components of ambient seismic noise. Seismic noise in the range of ~0.1 to 1 Hertz (Hz) is caused by ocean waves, large regional storms, and tectonic sources. A resonance frequency (f0) is induced in the unconsolidated deposits when there is a substantial contrast (> 2:1) in shear-wave acoustic impedance between the overburden and the bedrock. The f0 is determined from the analysis of the spectral ratio of the horizontal and vertical components of the seismic data. The thickness...
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Locations of focused groundwater seepage to surface water are often hydrologically and ecologically important. Spatially focused or ‘preferential’ seepage can be identified as anomalous cold zones compared to warmer adjacent bank and surface water features (in summer). The temperature of deeper groundwater on Cape Cod is expected to approximate 11 °C year-round, yielding a relatively cold signature where groundwater emerges from the saturated sediment interface. Recent advances in thermal infrared imaging allow efficient real-time scanning for cold anomalies that may be associated with preferential seepage zones, and direct temperature measurements can be collected within the sediments of these zones to better capture...


    map background search result map search result map 05_Shapefiles of shoreline positions and boundary of a permeable reactive barrier, Ashumet Pond, Falmouth, MA Transient Electromagnetics, Passive Seismic, and Borehole Electromagnetics, Gamma, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods to Characterize Glacial Sediments in East Falmouth, Massachusetts, Near Nantucket Sound Transient Electromagnetic Data from East Falmouth MA Passive Seismic data from East Falmouth MA Borehole Electromagnetic and Gamma Logs from East Falmouth MA bNMR logs from East Falmouth MA Specific Conductance Log from East Falmouth MA Target-Chemical Concentration Results of Mixed-Organic/Inorganic Chemical Exposures in Cape Cod, Massachusetts Tapwater, 2018 Uptake of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Fish, Mussel, and Passive Samplers in Mobile Laboratory Exposures using Groundwater from a Contamination Plume at a Historical Fire Training Area, Cape Cod, Massachusetts - Chemical and Biological Data from August to September 2018 Heat tracing of potential groundwater seepage zones along the upper Coonamessett River bog area (Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2021) Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Lake-Bottom Sediments of Ashumet Pond on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2020 (ver. 2.0, February 2024) Tissue-specific bioconcentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances by fathead minnows from contaminated groundwater at a fire-training area, Cape Cod, Massachusetts from 2019 05_Shapefiles of shoreline positions and boundary of a permeable reactive barrier, Ashumet Pond, Falmouth, MA Transient Electromagnetics, Passive Seismic, and Borehole Electromagnetics, Gamma, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods to Characterize Glacial Sediments in East Falmouth, Massachusetts, Near Nantucket Sound Transient Electromagnetic Data from East Falmouth MA Borehole Electromagnetic and Gamma Logs from East Falmouth MA bNMR logs from East Falmouth MA Specific Conductance Log from East Falmouth MA Passive Seismic data from East Falmouth MA Heat tracing of potential groundwater seepage zones along the upper Coonamessett River bog area (Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2021) Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Lake-Bottom Sediments of Ashumet Pond on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2020 (ver. 2.0, February 2024) Uptake of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Fish, Mussel, and Passive Samplers in Mobile Laboratory Exposures using Groundwater from a Contamination Plume at a Historical Fire Training Area, Cape Cod, Massachusetts - Chemical and Biological Data from August to September 2018 Tissue-specific bioconcentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances by fathead minnows from contaminated groundwater at a fire-training area, Cape Cod, Massachusetts from 2019 Target-Chemical Concentration Results of Mixed-Organic/Inorganic Chemical Exposures in Cape Cod, Massachusetts Tapwater, 2018