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Stochastic lava flow forecasting code used during the 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis, Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawai‘i The 1983-2018 Puʻuʻōʻō eruption, on the East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, consisted of many different episodes and several phases of lava flows threatening residential areas (Heliker and Mattox 2003; Orr and others 2015). One of these crises occurred in 2014-2015, when lava erupting from Puʻuʻōʻō advanced north of the rift zone, towards the town of Pāhoa (Poland and others 2016; Brantley and others 2019). This slow-moving crisis unfolded over approximately four months, as pāhoehoe lava gradually flowed towards the town. In the end, the lava flow fortunately stalled at the edge of the residential area, destroying only one home. During the crisis, geologists at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano... Categories: Data; Tags: East Rift Zone, Hazard forecasting, Island of Hawai`i, Kilauea, Lava flow, All tags... Pahoa, Stochastic modeling, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, biota, Fewer tags d) XRF Volatile Element Data The Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic field consists of lavas from the last two million years. The most recent volcanic units are the Central Plateau Member and the older Upper Basin Member rhyolites (Christiansen, 2001). Investigations into the elemental and isotopic composition of these lavas can provide insight into the recent volcanic history of the different eruptive episodes and provide constraints on the hydrothermal fluid compositions that result from water-rock interactions occurring at depth within the hydrothermal system. In this Data Release, seventeen samples of Yellowstone rhyolite samples from Upper Basin and Central Plateau Member lava flows were analyzed for volatile element compositions via x-ray fluorescence... Categories: Data; Tags: Volatile Elements, Yellowstone, x-ray fluorescence Plumeria Simulations of 20 December 2020 Kīlauea Volcano Eruption Plume This data release contains results of model simulations of a plume at Kilauea volcano that occurred on 20 December 2020. The ash-poor plume was produced when lava flowed into a water lake at the summit of Kilauea volcano. Simulations were conducted to constrain the conditions under which the plume rose to its observed height. The analysis and results are described in the accompanying paper: Cahalan RC, Mastin L, Van Eaton A, Hurwitz S, Smith AB, Dufek J, Solovitz SA, Patrick M, Schmith J, Parcheta C, Thelen W, Downs DT (2023 (in press)) Dynamics of the December 2020 ash-poor plume formed by lava-water interaction at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Kilauea volcano, Kilauea volcano, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, biota, All tags... plume modeling, plume modeling, volcanic hazards, volcanic hazards, volcanic plume, volcanic plume, Fewer tags Long-term gas and heat emissions measurements, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park We installed an eddy covariance station on July 10, 2018 at Bison Flat, an acid-sulfate, vapor-dominated area (0.04-km2) in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY to monitor variations in hydrothermal gas and heat emissions. Since then, this station has measured CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, and wind speed and direction on a half-hourly basis. We also measured soil CO2 fluxes and temperatures on a grid using the accumulation chamber method and thermocouple probes, respectively, on July 11-12, 2018 and soil CO2 fluxes only on June 25, 2019. On July 10, 2018 and June 24, 2019, we collected fumarole gas samples for analysis of bulk chemical and carbon (d13C-CO2)... Categories: Data; Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, Yellowstone National Park, eddy covariance, gas, All tags... heat, hydrothermal processes, Fewer tags Appendix C - Density and vesicularity data for selected lava and tephra samples from the June 2007 Father's Day eruption site, Kīlauea Volcano An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Transmitted and induced very-low-frequency (VLF) magnetic fields were measured with a handheld VLF receiver along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. This dataset records the density and vesicularity of selected lava and tephra samples collected from the June 2007 Father's Day eruption site. The density of the basalt erupted was determined by measuring the weight of spatter and lava... Categories: Data; Tags: East Rift Zone, Episode 56, Father's Day event, Hawaii, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, All tags... Island of Hawaiʻi, Kānenuiohamo, Kīlauea, Puʻuʻōʻō, State of Hawaii, eruption, field inventory and monitoring, geoscientificInformation, intrusion, lava density, lava flow, lava vesicularity, tephra, volcanic activity, volcanology, Fewer tags Database for the Geologic Map of the Bonanza Caldera Area, Northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado The San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado have long been recognized as a site of exceptionally voluminous mid-Tertiary volcanism, including at least 24 major ignimbrite sheets (each 150-5,000 km3) and associated caldera structures active at 33-23 Ma. More recent volcanologic and petrologic studies in the San Juan region have focused mainly on several ignimbrite-caldera systems: the southeastern area (Platoro complex), western calderas (Uncompahgre-Silverton-Lake City), the central cluster (La Garita-Creede calderas). The northeast San Juan region that was far less studied until recently occupies a transition between earlier volcanism in central Colorado and the larger-volume younger ignimbrite-caldera foci... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Bonanza, Colorado, North America, Saguache, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... United States, Volcanology, caldera, explosive eruptions, geology, geology, volcanoes, Fewer tags Airborne lidar survey of St Vincent, Eastern Caribbean, following the 2020-21 eruption of La Soufrière Volcano La Soufrière Volcano is a 1,220 m high stratovolcano that occupies the northern half of the island of St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles, Eastern Caribbean. It has a long history of explosive and sometimes devastating eruptions. Beginning in December 2020 and ending in April 2021, La Soufrière Volcano produced a Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI) 4 eruption that greatly impacted the landscape, communities, and infrastructure on the island of St. Vincent. The eruption produced intense ash plumes, heavy ashfall, and pyroclastic flows down several river valleys. During and following the eruption, destructive lahars (volcanic mudflows) impacted rivers valleys and coastal communities for months. The USGS-USAID Volcano Disaster... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Bare-earth, Break-lines, Digital Elevation Model, Eastern Caribbean, Eruption, All tags... Eruption impacts, Geomorphology, Geomorphology, Hazards Modeling, Hydrology, La Soufriere, Land Use Change, Lesser Antilles, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), Remote Sensing, Saint Vincent Island, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Shaded-relief, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Topography, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcano, Volcano, Volcanology, digital elevation models, elevation, geoscientificInformation, image collections, imageryBaseMapsEarthCover, lidar, volcanology, Fewer tags Whole Rock Analyses from the Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field The Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and surrounding region is made up of over 3 billion years of geologic history, with 300+ separate rock types. To increase our understanding of the evolution of this active system and direct priorities for sample collection and field study, we compiled whole rock geochemical datasets from numerous thesis and papers (17 in total). We present these data in a standardized format and include location information and details on analytical methods when available. Categories: Data; Tags: Geochemistry, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, All tags... biota, geochemistry, whole rock, Fewer tags Keanakākoʻi Tephra unit D, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii: sample details, grain size, and grain shape data for 100 tephra samples A total of 100 samples were collected from two proximal sections of Keanakākoʻi, Tephra unit D deposits. Samples were analyzed on Microtrac CAMSIZER® P4 and X2 instruments for grain size and shape data in the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) tephra lab. Data release includes sample descriptions, half phi grain size distributions, and statistical output from DECOLOG deconvolution modeling of grain size distributions. Grain size is reported using the sieve compatible Xcmin parameter (CAMSIZER® manual, 2020). Data of 2D shape parameter means of sphericity, Krumbein roundness and compactness of samples as well as for half phi grain size bins at 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, and -1 phi are also included. Please refer to associated... Categories: Data; Tags: Camsizer, Grain shape, Grain size, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Kīlauea Volcano, All tags... Kīlauea summit, Magma-water interaction, Phreatomagmatic, Sample information, Shape parameter, Tephra, Tephra deposit, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanic ash, Volcanic ash, Volcanology, geoscientificInformation, grain-size analysis, volcanic rocks, volcanology, Fewer tags Elemental and Strontium Isotopic Composition of Select Central Plateau and Upper Basin Member Rhyolites, Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field The Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic field consists of lavas from the last two million years. The most recent volcanic units are the Central Plateau Member and the older Upper Basin Member rhyolites (Christiansen, 2001). Investigations into the elemental and isotopic composition of these lavas can provide insight into the recent volcanic history of the different eruptive episodes and provide constraints on the hydrothermal fluid compositions that result from water-rock interactions occurring at depth within the hydrothermal system. In this Data Release, twenty-one samples of Yellowstone rhyolite samples from Upper Basin and Central Plateau Member lava flows were analyzed for major and trace element concentrations and... Categories: Data; Tags: Geochemistry, Major Elements, Sr isotopes, Trace Elements, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... Volatile Elements, Volcanology, Yellowstone, Fewer tags a) Strontium Isotope Data The Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic field consists of lavas from the last two million years. The most recent volcanic units are the Central Plateau Member and the older Upper Basin Member rhyolites (Christiansen, 2001). Investigations into the elemental and isotopic composition of these lavas can provide insight into the recent volcanic history of the different eruptive episodes and provide constraints on the hydrothermal fluid compositions that result from water-rock interactions occurring at depth within the hydrothermal system. In this Data Release, seventeen samples of Yellowstone rhyolite samples from Upper Basin and Central Plateau Member lava flows were analyzed for strontium isotopic composition. Analyzed samples... Categories: Data; Tags: Sr isotopes, Yellowstone Database for the Geologic Map of Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster, Cascade Range, Oregon A database of geologic map of Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster as described in the original abstract: The geologic map represents part of a late Quaternary volcanic field within which scores of eruptions have taken place over the last 50,000 years, some as recently as ~1,500 years ago. No rocks of early Pleistocene (or greater) age crop out within the map area, although volcanic and derivative sedimentary rocks of Miocene and Pliocene age are widespread to the east and west and are certainly buried beneath the younger volcanic field. Of the 145 volcanic map units described herein, only 22 are certainly older than late Pleistocene (>126 ka), and 12 are postglacial (<15 ka). The oldest unit identified yields an age... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Andesite, Basalt, Basaltic andesite, Bend, Oregon, Dacite, All tags... Geochemistry, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Oregon, Rhyodacite, Rhyolite, Sisters, Oregon, Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster, Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States of America, Volcanology, biota, debris avalanche, lava flows, Fewer tags Lava fountain heights and associated timelapse images during the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi The 2018 eruption from the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, was one of the most significant and destructive events on the volcano in the past 200 years (Neal and others, 2019; Patrick and others, 2020; Anderson and others, 2023; Mulliken and others, 2024). Between May and September of that year, 24 fissures opened on the lower flank of the volcano, producing lava fountains and expansive lava flows that covered an area of 36 km2 (Neal and others, 2019; Zoeller and others, 2020). Effusion rates at the dominant vent, fissure 8, were often >100 m3 s-1, and the total eruptive volume is estimated at 0.9–1.4 km3 (Dietterich and others, 2021) making it one of the most voluminous effusive... Categories: Data; Tags: Cinder cone, East Rift Zone, Geomorphology, Hawaii, Kilauea, All tags... Lava fountain, Leilani Estates, Pahoa South, Puna District, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcano monitoring, Volcanology, volcanic activity, volcanic rocks, Fewer tags Yellowstone Sample Collection - database This database was prepared using a combination of materials that include aerial photographs, topographic maps (1:24,000 and 1:250,000), field notes, and a sample catalog. Our goal was to translate sample collection site locations at Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas into a GIS database. This was achieved by transferring site locations from aerial photographs and topographic maps into layers in ArcMap. Each field site is located based on field notes describing where a sample was collected. Locations were marked on the photograph or topographic map by a pinhole or dot, respectively, with the corresponding station or site numbers. Station and site numbers were then referenced in the notes to determine... Categories: Data; Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, Yellowstone plateau, caldera, rhyolite, All tags... rock samples, Fewer tags Database for the Geologic Map of Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming This data release contains digital GIS files digitized from 'Geologic map of Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming' by L.J.P. Muffler, D.E. White, A.H. Truesdell, and R.O. Fournier, Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1373. Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS Map Package, ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Geyser, Hot spring, Hydrothermal Deposits, Lower Geyser Basin, Spring, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone National Park, Fewer tags Chemical and isotopic composition of gas, water, and solids from the 2019-2020 water lake in Halema’uma’u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii Following the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano (Neal et al, 2019) and the subsequent collapse of the Halema’uma’u crater, groundwater gradually seeped into the newly-deepened crater (Nadeau and others, 2020). Water was first observed in the crater on 7/26/2019, and the water level increased over time until 12/20/2020, when the crater again filled with lava, vaporizing the lake. In the intervening time, three sets of water samples were collected by unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) and analyzed for water chemistry, water isotopes, and sulfur isotopes. The solids filtered from the collected water samples were analyzed by XRD and SEM, as well as digested and analyzed for their chemical composition. Additionally, two... Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Kilauea, Halema'uma'u, Hawaii, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), biota, volcanic lake, geochemistry, water chemistry, water isotopes, sulfur isotopes Data Support for a Statistical Perspective on the Petrologic Utility of Polyphase Groundmass Compositions Inferred Via Defocused Beam Electron Probe Microanalysis This dataset contains major and trace element compositions for a sample of basalt recovered from Rangitoto Island, New Zealand. Both bulk rock and microanalytical observations are made and presented. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results detail the compositions of individual phases within the basalt including olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, glass, and polyphase microcrystalline groundmass. Laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) results detail trace element compositions for the glass as well as on select olivine grains. X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) data detailing major and minor element oxide concentrations were gathered using bulk rock powders. Additional tables detail... Categories: Data; Tags: Geochemistry, New Zealand, Rangitoto Island, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), basalt, All tags... geoscientificInformation, microanalysis, polyphase, volcanism, Fewer tags Airborne Volcanic Gas Measurements at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska 2004-2017 This release presents data collected during airborne volcanic gas monitoring flights at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, that were completed between 2004-2017. Instrumented fixed-wing aircraft were used to collect in situ trace gas measurements of volcanic carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The sensor payload also included an upward-looking correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) and/or differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) system. The remote sensing instruments were used to derive volcanic SO2 emission rates by measuring incident scattered solar ultraviolet radiation while traversing beneath the plume. Gas compositions and COSPEC output (volts) were recorded at 1 Hz and DOAS... Categories: Data; Tags: COSPEC, DOAS, Geochemistry, Iliamna Volcano, Spectroscopy, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanic gas, Volcanology, Volcanology, Fewer tags Thermal camera data for the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, 2019–2022 Following the 2018 collapses of the caldera floor at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano (Anderson and others, 2019; Neal and others, 2019), the enlarged and deepened depression hosted a variety of volcanic activity between 2019 and 2022. These events included an unprecedented water lake and two prolonged episodes of lava lake activity. This data release includes images from a stationary thermal camera poised on the western caldera rim, with the camera providing a continuous record of the summit changes over this period. The thermal images provide an excellent observational record of the activity owing to the ability to see through thick volcanic fume, and the clarity with which they highlight active portions of the... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: HI, Halemaumau, Hawaii, Hawaii County 2, Kilauea Volcano, All tags... USA, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, field inventory and monitoring, geoscientificInformation, volcanic activity, volcanic rocks, Fewer tags High-resolution digital elevation model of Mount St. Helens and upper North Fork Toutle River basin, based on airborne lidar surveys of July-September, 2017 The lateral blast, debris avalanche, and lahars of the May 18th, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, dramatically altered the surrounding landscape. Lava domes were extruded during the subsequent eruptive periods of 1980-1986 and 2004-2008. During 2017, U.S. Forest Service contracted the acquisitions of airborne lidar surveys of Mount St. Helens and upper North Fork Toutle River basin, part of a larger 2017-2018 survey of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. The U.S. Geological Survey combined and reprojected 81 raster datasets, provided by the U.S. Forest Service in October 2018, into a single digital elevation model (DEM) of the ground surface, including beneath forest cover (that is, 'bare earth').... Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, GeoTIFF, Map Service, Raster; Tags: ALS, Cascade Range, Cowlitz County, DEM, Ecology, All tags... Geochemistry, Geography, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Glaciology, Hydrology, Land Use Change, Loowit, Mount St. Helens, North Fork Toutle River, Remote Sensing, Sedimentology, Seismology, Soil Sciences, Structural Geology, Toutle River, USA, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, WA, Washington, Water Quality, Water Resources, airborne laser scanning, bare earth, biota, digital elevation model, elevation data, geomorphology, glacier, hydrology, lidar, light detection and ranging, sediment, topography, volcanic landforms, volcano, volcano, Fewer tags 1 2 3 »