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This digital dataset represents historical geochemical and other information for 58 sample results of produced water from 56 sites in the Orcutt and Oxnard oil fields in Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, respectively, in southern California. Produced water is a term used in the oil industry to describe water that is produced as a byproduct along with the oil and gas. The locations from which these historical samples were collected include 20 wells (12 in the Oxnard oil field and 8 in the Orcutt oil field). The top and bottom perforations are known for all except one (Dataset ID 33) of these wells. Additional sample sites include 13 storage tanks, and 13 unidentifiable sources. Two of the storage tanks (Dataset...
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This digital dataset contains historical geochemical and other information for 200 samples of produced water from 182 sites in 25 oil fields in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, southern California. Produced water is a term used in the oil industry to describe water that is produced as a byproduct along with the oil and gas. The locations from which these historical samples have been collected include 152 wells. Well depth and (or) perforation depths are available for 114 of these wells. Sample depths are available for two additional wells in lieu of well or perforation depths. Additional sample sites include four storage tanks, and two unidentifiable sample sources. One of the storage tank samples (Dataset ID 57)...
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Dataset includes rock and soil gas carbon and strontium values. Rock samples were collected from outcrop locations as well as from drill cuttings. Rock type associations were made based on the DeWitt and others (2008) geology map. Soil gas samples were collected from 4 inch augered soil core holes completed to different depths at three separate sampling locations. Material at the bottom of the soil core hole was collected and analyzed in addition to soil gas for some samples. The augered soil cores were backfilled with two trowel scoops of material removed from soil core then two scoops of clean silica sand were added to the soil core hole. A stainless steel tube was then added to the hole and 10 more scoops...
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These data are chemical analyses of discrete samples of groundwater, stream base flow, and springs collected to support a U.S. Geological Survey study to estimate the timing and source of recharge to the basalt groundwater system in the Umatilla River basin, Oregon. Categories of data include: (1) site information (2) field measurements, (3) tracers of groundwater age and source, and (4) dissolved noble gases. These data were collected during August 26, 2014 – September 13, 2022. Data are in .csv file format.
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This digital data set contains total dissolved solids (either reported or calculated from specific conductance in lieu of reported total dissolved solids data), well construction, and well identifying information for 1,131 petroleum wells and 3,546 water wells used to map salinity in and around 31 southern and central California oil fields. The data set also includes ancillary data in the form of top perforation (petroleum wells), bottom perforation, well depth, or hole depth (water wells), land-surface elevation at the well head, and well location and identifier information. For petroleum wells missing top perforation depth (3 percent), the median top perforation depth for all wells within the field having top...
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The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is about 7 kilometers southwest of Boron, California, and covers 320 square kilometers of Edwards Air Force Base. The AFRL consists of 12 facilities for testing full-size rocket engines, engine components, and liquid and solid propellants. The historical release of contaminants from rocket test stands, evaporation ponds, burn pits, catch basins, and leaking waste-collection tanks has contaminated groundwater in the AFRL. Groundwater aquifers near the AFRL are mostly restricted to fractured granitic bedrock, but previous studies indicate that groundwater and associated contaminants have moved into alluvium to the north and northwest. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the...
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State and local county health departments have detected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater downgradient of airports and military and firefighting training areas in Long Island, New York. However, the occurrence and spatial distribution of PFAS throughout the surficial aquifer is not well established. Shallow groundwater samples were collected in 2018 from two observation well networks; the Sentinel network and Wastewater Treatment Plant groundwater (WTPGW) network. The Sentinel network is an island-wide group of wells screened within the shallow upper glacial (surficial, <100 feet deep) aquifer, which were sampled to assess the occurrence of PFAS in different land-use settings. The WTPGW network...
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There are over 10,000 hydrothermal features in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), where waters have pH values ranging from about 1 to 10 and surface temperatures up to 95 °C. Active geothermal areas in YNP provide insight into a variety of processes occurring at depth, such as water-rock and oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, the formation of alteration minerals, and microbial (thermophile) metabolism in extreme environments. Investigations into the water chemistry of YNP hot springs, geysers, fumaroles, mud pots, streams, and rivers have been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and other earth-science organizations and academic institutions since 1888 (Gooch and Whitfield, 1888). More recently, USGS...
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Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) can impact the soil microbial community structure and function and thus ecosystem processing and export of nutrients. Ecosystem response to atmospheric inputs of nitrogen depends on several factors, including elevational climate conditions (freeze/thaw cycles, precipitation), geology, soil and vegetation type, N speciation and microbial community structure. The focus of this study was to evaluate how spatial and seasonal variations in N deposition affect the ability of soil microbial communities to process N along an elevational gradient (1700 to 3015 meters) from plains to subalpine ecosystems west of Boulder, Colorado. In conjunction with a study measuring the variability...
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Water analyses are reported for 66 samples collected from numerous thermal and non-thermal (rivers and streams) features in the southwestern areas of Yellowstone National Park (YNP) during 2009, 2017, and 2018. Water samples were collected from sources near Boundary Creek, Bechler River, Falls River, Mountain Ash Creek, Upper Snake River, Spirea Creek, and Lewis Lake. These water samples were collected and analyzed as part of research investigations on the chemistry of Yellowstone’s hydrothermal system and on the distribution of dissolved arsenic and mercury. Most samples were analyzed for major cations and anions, trace metals, redox species of arsenic, iron, nitrogen, and sulfur, and isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen....
This data release contains input data used in model development and TIF raster files used to predict the probability of low dissolved oxygen (DO) and high dissolved iron (Fe) in groundwater within the glacial aquifer system in the northern continental United States. Input data include measured DO and Fe concentrations at groundwater wells, and associated predictor variable data. The probability of low DO and high Fe was predicted using boosted regression tree methods using the gbm package in R (v. 4.0.0) in RStudio (v. 1.2.5042). The response variables for individual models were the occurrence of: (1) DO ≤0.5 mg/L, (2) DO ≤2 mg/L, and (3) Fe >100 µg/L. Water-quality data were compiled from three sources, as described...
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The U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program at Cape Cod has been investigating the fate and transport of a treated-wastewater, groundwater contaminant plume. A portion of the contaminated groundwater discharges into Ashumet Pond, a kettle hole, freshwater lake. A study was conducted from June 2013 to June 2015 to document transport, transformation, and discharge of dissolved inorganic nitrogen species (DIN; nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide) from the contaminant plume to the lake, across the groundwater-surface water interface. As part of that study, in October 2014, two natural gradient tracer tests were conducted within the lake bed sediments using nitrite as a reactive tracer and bromide as...
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The Captain Jack Superfund site near Ward, Colorado hosts extensive interconnected underground mine workings, which drain via the Big Five Adit. Drainage from the adit has historically been acidic with elevated concentrations of metals. In 2018 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) utilized a subsurface remediation strategy consisting of the installation of a hydraulic bulkhead within the workings to preclude drainage out of the mine. To understand the processes occurring during water impoundment within the mine workings, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with EPA, completed water-quality sampling and analysis during 2020 as water was impounded within the mine workings. The USGS sampling...
The U.S. Geological Survey collected groundwater samples from 17 wells in the Indio subbasin (CA basin designation 7-21.01) of the Coachella Valley and surface water samples from two sites representing sources of recharge to the Indio subbasin in 2021. These samples are intended to provide inorganic water quality data, particularly total dissolved solids (TDS), within areas of the Indio subbasin not sampled for the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Priority Basin Project’s assessment of the quality of groundwater used for domestic and small system drinking water supplies in Coachella Valley (CODA). Other areas of special interest for the Indio salinity study were nearby managed aquifer...
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board and Bureau of Land Management compiled and analyzed data for mapping groundwater salinity in selected oil and gas fields in California. The data for the South Cuyama oil field includes well construction data, digitized borehole geophysical data, geochemical analyses of water samples from oil and gas wells and groundwater wells, geological formation depths, and the groundwater total dissolved solids (TDS) calculations. These data have been compiled from many sources and span several decades. The well construction data includes attributes such as the date drilling began (spud date), borehole orientation, well depth...
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This digital dataset includes 580 samples from 12 groundwater wells and 45 samples of produced water from 38 sites (including 17 wells) located within 3 miles of the Placerita and Newhall Oil Fields in Los Angeles County, southern California. Historical geochemistry data were compiled from multiple data sources for selected water-quality indicators, major and minor ions, nutrients, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon, hydrocarbons, naturally occurring radioactive material, tracers, semi-volatile organic compounds, volatile organic compounds, organic acids, and other miscellaneous organic compounds. Ancillary data in the form of top perforation or top of sample interval (petroleum wells), bottom perforation...
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A boosted regression tree (BRT) model was developed to predict pH conditions in three-dimensions throughout the glacial aquifer system (GLAC) of the contiguous United States using pH measurements in samples from 18,258 wells and predictor variables that represent aspects of the hydrogeologic setting. Model results indicate that the carbonate content of soils and aquifer materials strongly controls pH and when coupled with long flow paths, results in the most alkaline conditions. Conversely, in areas where glacial sediments are thin and carbonate-poor, pH conditions remain acidic. At depths typical of drinking-water supplies, predicted pH > 7.5 – which is associated with arsenic mobilization – occurs more frequently...
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A hydrologic study involving the investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions along Ellerbe Creek, a major tributary to upper Falls Lake, was conducted in order to determine if groundwater is a likely source of nitrate input to the stream. Groundwater-surface water interactions were characterized by synoptic streamflow measurements, groundwater-level monitoring, hydrograph-separation methods and a continuous streambed temperature survey to aid in the collection and interpretation of water-quality samples along the stream.
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PHREEQC files included in this ScienceBase product include the input (.pqi) and output (.pqo) files formatted for use in PHREEQC and as basic text files, and the information regarding samples used in the simulations. The files were used to interpret changes in water quality between 2018 and 2022 within the Horn Creek watershed of Grand Canyon for the associated publication (add citation here when available). PHREEQC is a publicly available software for geochemical modeling and the software can be downloaded at https://www.usgs.gov/software/phreeqc-version-3. An accompanying report (Parkhurst and Appelo, 2013) serves as the formal documentation for PHREEQC. The wateq4f database (Ball and Nordstrom, 1991) was used,...
map background search result map search result map Water and petroleum well data used for preliminary regional groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields in central and southern California Natural gradient, lakebed tracer tests using nitrite in a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in Ashumet Pond, Massachusetts Groundwater/Surface-Water Interactions Along Ellerbe Creek in Durham, North Carolina, 2016–18 Geochemical and geophysical data for selected wells in and surrounding the South Cuyama oil and gas field Surface geophysics investigations at Edwards Air Force Research Laboratory, Antelope Valley, California, 2018 Water chemistry data for selected hot springs and rivers in Southwest Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Long Island and New York City, New York Carbon and Strontium Isotopic Data for Rock, Soil, and Soil Gas from the Big Chino Sub-Basin, Arizona, 2017 and 2018 Historical produced water chemistry data compiled for selected oil fields in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, southern California Historical produced water chemistry data compiled for the Orcutt and Oxnard oil fields, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, southern California Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States Stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in groundwater and calculated fraction of recharge from winter precipitation, South Rim Grand Canyon, Arizona Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA Hydrologic and Geochemical Data and Models Supporting Integrated Evaluation of the Captain Jack Superfund Site, Boulder County, Colorado Historical groundwater and produced water chemistry data compiled for the Placerita and Newhall Oil Fields, Los Angeles County, southern California Water-Chemistry and Isotope Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, Streams, and Rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Groundwater and surface water data for a regional assessment of groundwater salinity variations and sources in the Indio Subbasin of the Coachella Valley, California Biological N-cycling data from soils collected along an elevation gradient in the CO Front Range (2018-2019) PHREEQC files for geochemical simulations in Horn Creek, Grand Canyon, AZ (1) Discrete geochemical data for groundwater and surface water samples in the Umatilla River basin, 2014–2022 Natural gradient, lakebed tracer tests using nitrite in a nitrate-contaminated groundwater discharge zone in Ashumet Pond, Massachusetts Hydrologic and Geochemical Data and Models Supporting Integrated Evaluation of the Captain Jack Superfund Site, Boulder County, Colorado Surface geophysics investigations at Edwards Air Force Research Laboratory, Antelope Valley, California, 2018 Groundwater/Surface-Water Interactions Along Ellerbe Creek in Durham, North Carolina, 2016–18 PHREEQC files for geochemical simulations in Horn Creek, Grand Canyon, AZ Geochemical and geophysical data for selected wells in and surrounding the South Cuyama oil and gas field Water chemistry data for selected hot springs and rivers in Southwest Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Historical produced water chemistry data compiled for selected oil fields in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, southern California Carbon and Strontium Isotopic Data for Rock, Soil, and Soil Gas from the Big Chino Sub-Basin, Arizona, 2017 and 2018 Groundwater and surface water data for a regional assessment of groundwater salinity variations and sources in the Indio Subbasin of the Coachella Valley, California (1) Discrete geochemical data for groundwater and surface water samples in the Umatilla River basin, 2014–2022 Water-Chemistry and Isotope Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, Streams, and Rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Long Island and New York City, New York Historical produced water chemistry data compiled for the Orcutt and Oxnard oil fields, Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties, southern California Stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in groundwater and calculated fraction of recharge from winter precipitation, South Rim Grand Canyon, Arizona Water and petroleum well data used for preliminary regional groundwater salinity mapping near selected oil fields in central and southern California Data for machine learning predictions of pH in the glacial aquifer system, northern USA Groundwater data, predictor variables, and rasters used for predicting redox conditions in the glacial aquifer, northern continental United States