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This metadata record presents analytical results for laboratory microcosms conducted during 2016–18 as part of a study to develop a field test and numerical interpretation method to determine the effective diffusion coefficients and sorption coefficients of trichloroethene (TCE) and daughter products in the rock matrix of sedimentary rock, as well as biodegradation rate coefficients in the borehole. The biodegradation rate coefficients in the borehole are an important component of defining the back-diffusion of TCE from the matrix of sedimentary rock. Microcosm experiments were conducted with microbial community samples and groundwater collected from boreholes in the field test area to define anaerobic biodegradation...
Groundwater is a vital resource in the Mississippi embayment of the central United States. An innovative approach using machine learning (ML) was employed to predict groundwater salinity—including specific conductance (SC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and chloride (Cl) concentrations—across three drinking-water aquifers of the Mississippi embayment. A ML approach was used because it accommodates a large and diverse set of explanatory variables, does not assume monotonic relations between predictors and response data, and results can be extrapolated to areas of the aquifer not sampled. These aspects of ML allowed potential drivers and sources of high salinity water that have been hypothesized in other studies to...
On July 26, 2017, a solution containing approximately 200 kilograms of dissolved sodium bromide was added to the the flooded underground shaft of the Minnesota Mine, near Empire, Colorado. This addition was conducted as part of an effort to determine the degree to which the mine shaft is hydrologically connected to a series of downgradient seeps and springs. These seeps and springs discharge from the hillside and enter Lion Creek, an acidic, metal-rich stream that lies immediately to the west of the Minnesota Mine. A water quality sonde and pressure transducer deployed within the shaft recorded temperature, specific conductance, and stage before, during, and after the addition. The downgradient seeps and springs...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Empire, Colorado,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
Hydrogeology,
Lion Creek,
Data provided here describe geochemical correction of carbon-14 in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for groundwater age dating. Datasets include major ion chemistry of groundwater samples, model parameter inputs, and final corrected carbon-14 in DIC. Geochemical correction was completed in two phases: determination of reactive phase mole transfers through an inverse geochemical model (PHREEQC; Parkhurst and Appleo, 1992) and tracking of isotopic mass transfer among phases (NetpathXL; Parkhusrtand Charlton, 2008). Parkhurst, D.L., and Appelo, C.A.J., 2013, Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3—A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical...
The Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Act was established to systematically assess priority aquifers along the U.S.-Mexico international boundary. The priority aquifers that were specified include the Hueco-Mesilla Bolsons aquifer in Texas and New Mexico and its counterpart in Mexico, the Conejos-Medanos Aquifer system, and the Santa Cruz and San Pedro aquifers in Arizona (Texas Water Development Board, 2019). The Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program (TAAP) was started in 2009 and is a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona Water Resources Research Center, New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute, and the Texas Water Resources Institute (U.S. Geological Survey, 2018) to better understand...
Confined (or buried) aquifers overlain by till confining units are used to supply drinking water to millions of people. Till confining units are typically conceptualized as having very low potential for transmitting water. Thus, buried aquifers are thought to be less susceptible to surface contamination, but may recharge very slowly and may be prone to unsustainable groundwater withdrawals. Quantification of the recharge (leakage) rate through till is essential to understanding the long-term sustainability of groundwater withdrawals from buried aquifers and yet few data exist on the hydraulic properties of till and groundwater flux through till. The information contained in this data release is generated from field...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Akeley, Minnesota,
Cromwell, Minnesota,
Geochemistry,
Hydrogeology,
Litchfield, Minnesota,
This digital data set contains total dissolved solids (either reported or calculated from specific conductance in lieu of reported total dissolved solids data), well construction, and well identifying information for 1,131 petroleum wells and 3,546 water wells used to map salinity in and around 31 southern and central California oil fields. The data set also includes ancillary data in the form of top perforation (petroleum wells), bottom perforation, well depth, or hole depth (water wells), land-surface elevation at the well head, and well location and identifier information. For petroleum wells missing top perforation depth (3 percent), the median top perforation depth for all wells within the field having top...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geochemistry,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality
The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is about 7 kilometers southwest of Boron, California, and covers 320 square kilometers of Edwards Air Force Base. The AFRL consists of 12 facilities for testing full-size rocket engines, engine components, and liquid and solid propellants. The historical release of contaminants from rocket test stands, evaporation ponds, burn pits, catch basins, and leaking waste-collection tanks has contaminated groundwater in the AFRL. Groundwater aquifers near the AFRL are mostly restricted to fractured granitic bedrock, but previous studies indicate that groundwater and associated contaminants have moved into alluvium to the north and northwest. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the...
This report documents the spatial and temporal variability of nutrients and related water quality parameters at high spatial resolution in the North Delta in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta of California, USA. The data set includes nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, dissolved organic carbon, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and chlorophyll. Data-collection were conducted over one day in July 2017 when continuous monitoring stations detected elevated chlorophyll concentration and decreasing nitrate concentrations.
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Central Valley,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
Sacramento River,
The data release contains data for the spatial and temporal variability of nutrients and related water quality parameters at high spatial resolution in the North Delta in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta of California, USA. The data set includes nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, dissolved organic carbon, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and chlorophyll. Data-collection cruises were conducted over two days in March 2017 during a high flow event when Sacramento Valley flood waters inundate the Yolo Bypass.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Cache Slough,
California,
Central Valley,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
This dataset contains geochemical and other information for 40 historical samples of produced water from the North Coles Levee Oil Field. Three of these samples are from commingled tanks containing produced water from multiple wells as noted in the “Remarks” column. Water that is produced as a byproduct of oil production is called produced water. The numerical water chemistry data were compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from scanned laboratory analysis reports available from the California Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM). Sample site characteristics, such as well construction details, were attributed using a combination of information provided with the scanned laboratory analysis reports...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Geochemistry,
Kern County,
North Coles Levee oilfield,
Produced waters,
State and local county health departments have detected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater downgradient of airports and military and firefighting training areas in Long Island, New York. However, the occurrence and spatial distribution of PFAS throughout the surficial aquifer is not well established. Shallow groundwater samples were collected in 2018 from two observation well networks; the Sentinel network and Wastewater Treatment Plant groundwater (WTPGW) network. The Sentinel network is an island-wide group of wells screened within the shallow upper glacial (surficial, <100 feet deep) aquifer, which were sampled to assess the occurrence of PFAS in different land-use settings. The WTPGW network...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Contaminants, Emerging,
Geochemistry,
Groundwater-Quality Monitoring,
Hydrology,
Long Island,
This data release codifies and attributes explanatory variables that could potentially influence groundwater quality at 50 groundwater wells used for domestic water supply and 43 groundwater sites used for public water supply in the U.S. Geological Survey’s Priority Basin Project Redding-Red Bluff shallow aquifer (NSV-SA) study unit in 2018-2019 and Northern Sacramento Valley public-supply (NSV-PA) study unit in 2007, respectively. Water quality from domestic and public-supply groundwater sites was assessed as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board’s Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) program. The NSV-SA and NSV-PA study units include domestic and public-supply wells within...
The Cache Creek Settling Basin (CCSB) is a 13.3 km2 levee-bounded sediment retention basin located at the modern terminus of Cache Creek near the eastern boundary of Yolo County, approximately two miles NE of Woodland, California. The Cache Creek Settling Basin was constructed in 1937 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to trap suspended sediment from the upper Cache Creek watershed during high-flow events, with the purpose of preserving the floodway capacity of the Yolo Bypass, a larger leveed floodway located downstream. This dataset includes subsamples from sediment cores and shallow streambank sediment collected from the Sacramento River watershed. Sediment cores were collected in the Cache Creek Settling Basin...
The Russian River Watershed (RRW) covers about 1300 square miles (without Santa Rosa Plain) of urban, agricultural, and forested lands in northern Sonoma County and southern Mendocino County, California. Communities in the RRW depend on a combination of Russian River water and groundwater to meet their water-supply demands. Water is used primarily for agricultural irrigation, municipal and private wells supply, and commercial uses - such as for wineries and recreation. Annual rainfall in the RRW is highly variable, making it prone to droughts and flooding from atmospheric river events. In order to better understand surface-water and groundwater issues, the USGS is creating a Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water...
This dataset contains the lithologic class and topographic position index information and quality-assurance and quality-control data not available in the online National Water Information System for 72 domestic wells sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, May-August 2016. The topographic position index (TPI) for each well location was computed on the basis of a 25-meter digital elevation model (U.S. Geological Survey, 2009) using criteria reported by Llewellyn (2014) to indicate potential classes for topographic setting. The bedrock geologic unit and primary lithology were determined for each well location on the basis of the digital bedrock geologic map of Pennsylvania (Miles and...
The dataset documents the spatial and temporal variability of nutrients, phytoplankton, and related water quality parameters at high spatial resolution in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and Suisun Bay of California, USA. The dataset includes nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, dissolved organic carbon, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll as well as information about phytoplankton community composition. Data were collected under different environmental/flow conditions in June, July, August, and October of 2020, and May, July, and October of 2021. The data release consists of a .xml document, and .txt and shapefile documents. Descriptions for each document and file are listed in the...
This data release contains oil well annular cement and casing damage data from parts of the South Belridge and Lost Hills Oil Fields in western Kern County, California. The study area coincides with where groundwater with less than 10,000 milligrams per liter total dissolved solids and outside an exempt aquifer are located overlying oil-producing zones in these fields. In the study areas, hydraulic fracturing is occurring in mature oil fields where oil and gas development has occurred for approximately a century. The data were compiled from records of the California Department of Conservation, Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM). The data compiled include construction information for oil wells, drilling...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Energy Resources,
Geochemistry,
Lost Hills oil field,
San Joaquin Valley,
From June to September 2017, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) collected a total of 116 surficial sediment and bedrock samples from abandoned mine wastepiles, ephemeral channels below wastepiles, nearby outcrops, and background areas representative of the undisturbed lithology on the western slope of the northern half of the Oquirrh Mountain Range, approximately 20 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah. The sample locations can be spatially clustered into four groups: the Bates Canyon group in the foothills below Bates Canyon; the Middle Canyon group in Middle Canyon; the Ridgeline group within the Bingham Mining District located at or near the Tooele-Salt Lake County border on the Oquirrh Mountain ridge;...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bates Canyon,
Bingham Mining District,
Economic Geology,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
There are over 10,000 hydrothermal features in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), where waters have pH values ranging from about 1 to 10 and surface temperatures up to 95 °C. Active geothermal areas in YNP provide insight into a variety of processes occurring at depth, such as water-rock and oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, the formation of alteration minerals, and microbial (thermophile) metabolism in extreme environments. Investigations into the water chemistry of YNP hot springs, geysers, fumaroles, mud pots, streams, and rivers have been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and other earth-science organizations and academic institutions since 1888 (Gooch and Whitfield, 1888). More recently, USGS...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geochemistry,
Hydrology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
Yellowstone National Park,
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