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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
White phosphorus (WP) has been implicated in the deaths of thousands of waterfowl annually at Eagle River Flats (ERF), an estuarine salt marsh located on Fort Richardson near Anchorage, Alaska. The source of WP contamination at ERF was the firing of WP containing munitions into the area by the U.S. military. WP is a well-known toxicant and is lethal to a wide range of species. However, WP contamination at ERF is the first documented case of a U.S. Army munitions impact area contaminated with WP particles. This has led to the designation of ERF as a Superfund site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Army must follow the guidelines of remediation set by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,...
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Mining landscapes are avowedly complex and dynamic cultural resources, representing an important part of the nation's cultural heritage. They reflect changes in technology, social organization, and the influence of outside events. Mining landscapes are also representative of the experiences of change over time. This representative experience is not well-represented in the typical approach to considering preservation of mining districts during the review of federal projects. This thesis takes a different approach, developing a classification system with a greater focus on the changes that occur, and tests this against a small-scale lode mining district in Southcentral Alaska. While the ability to factor in change...
1.?Mixed-wood boreal forests are often considered to undergo directional succession from shade-intolerant to shade-tolerant species. It is thus expected that overstorey gaps should lead to the recruitment of shade-tolerant conifers into the canopy in all stand development stages and that the recruitment of shade-intolerant hardwoods would be minimal except in the largest gaps. 2.?We analysed short-term gap dynamics over a large 6-km2 spatial area of mixed-wood boreal forest across a gradient of stands in different developmental stages with different times of origin since fire (expressed as stand ?age?) that were affected differentially by the last spruce budworm (SBW) outbreak. Structural measurements of the canopy...
Previous studies indicate streams in the watershed of Anchorage, AK, contain elevated concentrations of several Potentially Toxic Metals (PTMs) in the water, suspended and streambed sediment and benthic macro invertebrates. This study investigated the sources, distribution, and uptake of PTMs by aquatic organisms in the watershed and their relationship to land-use patterns. Sampling sites were chosen that represent the watercourses of each of the four major streams in Anchorage. Water, streambed sediment, various species of benthic macroinvertebrates and slimy sculpin ( Cottus cognatus ) were collected throughout the summer of 2005. A lake sediment core was also collected from Campbell Lake to assess PTM deposition...
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
The National Park Service (NPS) approved the use of Calcium Chloride as a dust suppressant on the Park road after four years of research. A formal monitoring program to track the spatial and temporal movement of CaCl2 concentrations along the Park road began in 2005. Fifteen terrestrial sites and fourteen water body locations were selected to monitor the movement of chloride from the roadbed into roadside soils and surface waters. Initial results showed wide variability in chloride concentrations in soil adjacent to the roadbed, while waterbodies generally had low concentrations (ABR 2006). This report presents 2007 results for the dust palliative chloride monitoring program.During the summer of 2007, 35 applications...
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Tags: Adaptation Planning 1-Best Management Practices,
Landscape Scale Conservation: Agency Management Plans,
Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change,
United States Federal Agencies
Control of surface and subsurface water is a critical factor in the efficiency of remediation efforts at Eagle River Flats, an active impact range on Fort Richardson, Alaska, contaminated with particulate white phosphorus from artillery and mortar rounds. The Flats is an estuarine salt marsh bordered by bluffs with water groundwater influx from the edges as well as periodic tidal and river inundation and rain events. The uneven topography and presence of numerous craters results in pooled surface water and high perched water levels, inhibiting remediation of the contaminant. Pumps are used to drain contaminated areas to enhance remediation, but ditching is required to enhance the operation of the pumps and to drain...
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
The characteristics of sediment discharge in the Yukon River, Alaska were investigated by monitoring water discharge, water turbidity and water temperature. The river-transported sediment, 90 wt.% or more, consists of silt and clay (grain size less than or equal to 62.5 mum), which probably originated in the glacier-covered mountains mostly in the Alaska Range. For early June to late August 1999, we continuously measured water turbidity and temperature near the estuary and in the middle of Yukon River by using self-recording turbidimeters and temperature data loggers. The water turbidity (ppm) was converted to suspended sediment concentration (SSC; mg/l) of river water, using a relation between simultaneous turbidity...
Categories: Data,
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Types: Citation,
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Categories: Data,
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Types: Citation,
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Categories: Data,
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Historically, traffi c on the Denali Park Road has been limited in order to protect wildlife and improve visitor experience. The Denali Park Road is one example of a park roadway facing increasing visitation and pressure to change or defend the current limits on traffi c. To respond to such pressures, park and protected area managers need a greater understanding of the impacts of traffi c volume and traffi c patterns on the physical, biological, and social environment. This study developed a traffi c simulation model of the Denali Park Road that predicts visitor experience and impacts on Dall’s sheep for hypothesized road usage scenarios. The model incorporated crowding indicators at prescribed scenic areas and...
Categories: Data,
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Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation,
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Shapefile;
Tags: Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change
Although reliable figures are often missing, considerable detrimental changes due to shrinking glaciers are universally expected for water availability in river systems under the influence of ongoing global climate change. We estimate the contribution potential of seasonally delayed glacier melt water to total water availability in large river systems. We find that the seasonally delayed glacier contribution is largest where rivers enter seasonally arid regions and negligible in the lowlands of river basins governed by monsoon climates. By comparing monthly glacier melt contributions with population densities in different altitude bands within each river basin, we demonstrate that strong human dependence on glacier...
PURPOSE: The exchange of lands between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Doyon, Limited is proposed to enhance the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge of Alaska. Since the refuge was established in 1980, Doyon has been interested in acquiring federal oil and gas interests in the south-central portion of dedicated area. Under the terms of an agreement in principle between the FWS and Doyon, the U.S. government would receive fee title to at least 150,000 acres of Doyon lands, including both surface and subsurface rights, with priority fish and wildlife habitats that can be incorporated into the refuge. Doyon would receive fee title to approximately 110,000 acres of refuge lands, including both surface...
Categories: Data,
Publication;
Types: Citation,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Adaptation Planning 1-Best Management Practices,
Landscape Scale Conservation: Agency Management Plans,
Projecting Future States 3a-Future Vulnerability to Land use Change,
United States Federal Agencies
Solifluction lobe process and morphology were studied on an alpine slope (1800 m a.s.l) above Kluane Lake, south-western Yukon Territory. Contemporary rates of surface movements, measured by theodolite survey, were found to be greatest in the first two weeks of spring thaw, and movements were consistently faster on lobe treads than on lobe risers. Precise monitoring of thaw-consolidation parameters on a lobe indicated that most thaw-settlement occurred when the soil was saturated to the surface. At the slope scale, surface rates increased downslope in response to gradients in soil moisture, while long-term rates of lobe advance, inferred from 14 C dating of buried organic horizons, were found to be similar among...
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