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Although various studies have shown that corn ethanol reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by displacing fossil fuel use, many of these studies fail to include how land-use history affects the net carbon balance through changes in soil carbon content. We evaluated the effectiveness and economic value of corn and cellulosic ethanol production for reducing net GHG emissions when produced on lands with different land-use histories, comparing these strategies with reductions achieved by set-aside programs such as the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). Depending on prior land use, our analysis shows that C releases from the soil after planting corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset C gains attributed...
Managing ecosystems for resilience and sustainability requires understanding how they will respond to future anthropogenic drivers such as climate change and urbanization. In fire-dependent ecosystems, predicting this response requires a focus on how these drivers will impact fire regimes. Here, we use scenarios of climate change, urbanization and management to simulate the future dynamics of the critically endangered and fire-dependent longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystem. We investigated how climate change and urbanization will affect the ecosystem, and whether the two conservation goals of a 135% increase in total longleaf area and a doubling of fire-maintained open-canopy habitat can be achieved in the...
Recent extreme floods on the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers have motivated expansion of floodplain conservation lands. Within Missouri there are more than 85,000 acres of public conservation lands in large-river floodplains. Floodplain lands are highly dynamic and challenging to manage, particularly as future climatic conditions may be highly variable. These lands have the potential to provide valuable ecosystem services like provision of habitat, nutrient processing, carbon sequestration, and flood-water storage that produce economic values in terms of recreational spending, improved water quality, and decreased flood hazards. However, floodplain managers may need tools to help them understand nonstationary conditions...
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Conservation Opportunity Areas are places in Wisconsin that contain ecological features, natural communities, or Species of Greatest Conservation Need habitat for which Wisconsin has a unique responsibility for protecting.
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The Gopher Tortoise Focal Area represents an area of interest pertaining to the gopher tortoise under the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Working Lands for Wildlife (WLFW) Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program (WHIP).Working Lands for Wildlife is a partnership between NRCS and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to use agency technical expertise and financial assistance from the Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program to combat the decline of seven specific wildlife species whose decline can be reversed and will benefit other species with similar habitat needs. The WLFW project will target species whose decline can be reversed and will benefit other species with...
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GIS Metadata notes for AMJV Bird Habitat Conservation Areas (BHCA)Kirsten Luke GIS Specialist, Atlantic Coast Joint VentureCreated October 18, 2007Updated December 28, 2007Updated March 20, 2008Base data:a) Meeting Maps and excel spreadsheets from the Appalachian Mountains Joint Venture Technical Committee Meeting August 7- 9th 2007 b) National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001c) ESRI Street Map d) Federal Land : National Atlas Federal Lands Layer (2004) - these I believe are proclamation boundaries not actual fed land ownership boundariese) Protected Areas: Conservation Biology Institute Protected Areas Database (CBI -PAD) version 4. Land ownership boundaries - not proclamation boundaries.f) Audubon IBA's (2007)BHCA...
Information about geographic distributions is required for species conservation and management. Ultimately, this information is derived from records of occurrence. However, the reliability and availability of occurrence records are variable. A conceptual framework for evaluating the reliability of occurrence records is provided. Only records associated with physical evidence, especially a museum voucher specimen, are considered verified. However, errors in species identification or location are possible even for verified records. In addition, biases exist in occurrence records because they generally are collected haphazardly. Other sources of bias include sampling error associated with small areas or range limits...
Because of concerns with the growing threat of global climate change from increasing emissions of greenhouse gases, the United States and other countries are implementing, by themselves or in cooperation with one or more other nations, climate change mitigation projects. These projects will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or sequester carbon, and will also result in non-GHG benefits (i.e., environmental, economic, and social benefits). Monitoring, evaluating, reporting, and verifying (MERV) guidelines are needed for these projects to accurately determine their net GHG, and other, benefits. Implementation of MERV guidelines is also intended to: (1) increase the reliability of data for estimating GHG benefits;...
Rapid progress is being made in the conceptual, technical, and organizational requirements for generating synoptic multi-scale views of the earth's surface and its biological content. Using the spatially comprehensive data that are now available, researchers, land managers, and land-use planners can, for the first time, quantitatively place landscape units - from general categories such as 'Forests' or 'Cold-Deciduous Shrubland Formation' to more categories such as 'Picea glauca-Abies balsamea-Populus spp. Forest Alliance' - in their large-area contexts. The National Gap Analysis Program (GAP) has developed the technical and organizational capabilities necessary for the regular production and analysis of such information....
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This represents historical reference conditions for old tallgrass and wet prairie areas. Thus, offers information toward ecological land management efforts.These data represent the areas that the US GLO land surveyors and French/Spanish surveyors considered to be prairie in Missouri.
We assessed species composition, richness and abundance of understory vegetation, as well as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculum potential on the San Francisco Peaks, tallest mountains in Arizona, crossing a steep, south-facing elevational gradient. These mountains have a high conservation value due to their rare habitats but previous vegetation studies have been limited. Because mature trees in the Pinaceae do not form associations with AM fungi, there may be more variation in plant community and AM fungal associations in coniferous forest than in ecosystems where all species associate with AM fungi. Differences in species composition between forest types reflected differences in the historical disturbance regimes....
In the Sonoran Desert of North America, populations of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) occur in rocky foothills throughout southwestern Arizona and northwestern Mexico. Although tortoise populations appear to be isolated from each other by low desert valleys, individuals occasionally move long distances between populations. Increasingly, these movements are hindered by habitat fragmentation due to anthropogenic landscape changes. We used molecular techniques and radiotelemetry to examine movement patterns of desert tortoises in southern Arizona. We collected blood samples from 170 individuals in nine mountain ranges and analyzed variability in seven microsatellite loci to determine genetic differentiation...
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The subset of all NRCS Common Resource Areas (CRA), version 1.2, that can support native prairie habitats within the Mississippi River Basin. A Common Resource Area is defined as a geographical area where resource concerns, problems, or treatment needs are similar. It is considered a subdivision of an existing Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) map delineation or polygon. Landscape conditions, soil, climate, human considerations, and other natural resource information are used to determine the geographic boundaries of a CRA.
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In order to identify areas within the Mississipi River Basin (MRB) where implementing wildlife conservation actions could potentially provide the highest benefit to both local waters and the Gulf of Mexico the Miss. River Basin/Gulf Hypoxia Initiative identified a "Water Quality Priority Zone". This provisional zone of interest represents HUC-8 watersheds having the highest potential for nutrient export from agricultural sources (using nitrogen as a surrogate). The potential for nutrient export was determined using the 2002 SPARROW Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin Model and cropland data from the 2013 USDA-NASS Cropland Data Layer. As the results from the SPARROW model are somewhat dated (ca. 2002), we incorporated...
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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)-related impaired waters for which a TMDL has been developed (Cycle Year 2010) within the Mississippi River Basin. For purposes of identifying N/P-related TMDLs, EPA used the following national impairment categories: algal growth, ammonia, noxious aquatic plants, nutrients, organic enrichment/oxygen depletion. Source : EPA Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution Data Downloads <http://gispub2.epa.gov/NPDAT/DataDownloads.html> Downloaded June 2014.
Abstract From: (The growth and distribution of plant species in water limited environments is often limited by the atmospheric evaporative demands which us measured in terms of potential evaporation (PET). While PET estimated by different methods have been widely used to assess vegetation response to climate change, species distribution models offer unique opportunity to compare their efficiency in predicting habitat suitability of plant species. In this study, we perform the first multi-species comparison of two widely used metrics of PET i.e., Penman-Monteith and Thornthwaite, and show how they result in similar or different on projected distribution of water limited species and potential consequences on their...
map background search result map search result map Prairie Ecological System (MRB) Corn/Soybean Production Region Rice Production Region Water Quality Priority Zone (Draft - 2014) Gopher Tortoise Focal Area (WLFW) Reaches with Nutrient TMDLs (2010) UMRGLR JV - Openland Breeding Bird Habitat Priorities Wisconsin - Conservation Opportunity Areas (Terrestrial and Aquatic) Ohio - AMJV Bird Habitat Conservation Areas Missouri - Historic Prairie Ohio - AMJV Bird Habitat Conservation Areas Rice Production Region Wisconsin - Conservation Opportunity Areas (Terrestrial and Aquatic) Missouri - Historic Prairie Gopher Tortoise Focal Area (WLFW) UMRGLR JV - Openland Breeding Bird Habitat Priorities Corn/Soybean Production Region Reaches with Nutrient TMDLs (2010) Water Quality Priority Zone (Draft - 2014) Prairie Ecological System (MRB)