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Energy autarky is presented as a conceptual framework for implementing sustainable regional development based on the transformation of the energy subsystem. It is conceptualized as a situation in which the energy services used for sustaining local consumption, local production and the export of goods and services are derived from locally renewable energy resources. Technically, the implementation of higher degrees of energy autarky rests on increasing energy efficiency, realizing the potential of renewable energy resources and relying on a decentralized energy system. Practically, a transition towards regional energy autarky requires administrations and civil society actors to initialize and develop projects at...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Energy,
Energy consumption,
New Zealand,
Results,
consumption,
The primary supposition about renewable forms of energy is that use of such resources will not result in depletion or exhaustion. While it is true that natural energy flows such as sun and wind are not directly subject to degradation by use, there may still be indirect limitations on renewability. The exploitation of natural energy flows may require that systems of nonrenewable "support" resources be used to capture, store, and convert natural energy into useful forms. Poor resource management practices that degrade the support resources may therefore, in effect, endanger renewability. Biomass is an illustrative case of a renewable energy resource with nonrenewable support components. The soil and water management...
The primary supposition about renewable forms of energy is that use of such resources will not result in depletion or exhaustion. While it is true that natural energy flows such as sun and wind are not directly subject to degradation by use, there may still be indirect limitations on renewability. The exploitation of natural energy flows may require that systems of nonrenewable "support" resources be used to capture, store, and convert natural energy into useful forms. Poor resource management practices that degrade the support resources may therefore, in effect, endanger renewability. Biomass is an illustrative case of a renewable energy resource with nonrenewable support components. The soil and water management...
Joseph A. Dammel, Jeffrey M. Bielicki, Melisa F. Pollak, and Elizabeth J. Wilson at the University of Minnesota Center for Science, Technology, and Public Policy have published a feature article titled “A Tale of Two Technologies: Hydraulic Fracturing and Geologic Carbon Sequestration” that appears in the online version of the science journal, Environmental Science & Technology [subscription required]. In comparing, contrasting, and analyzing the regulatory landscape governing the use of hydraulic fracturing and geologic carbon sequestration, they conclude that “A shift toward a 21st Century vision of regulation is required. Hydraulic fracturing and geologic sequestration are both technologies that could reduce...
Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) has come to dominate millions of hectares of rangeland in the Intermountain western United States. Previous studies have hypothesized that one mechanism conferring a competitive advantage to this species is the ability to germinate rapidly at low temperatures in the fall, winter and spring and, therefore, initiate growth and establishment more rapidly than more desirable perennial bunchgrass species. In this experiment, we developed thermal-germination-response models for multiple seedlots of cheatgrass and five perennial grass species. We conducted sensitivity analysis on potential-cumulative-germination response to a 38-year simulation of field-variable conditions of seedbed temperature...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Environmental and Experimental Botany,
bromus tectorum,
elymus elymoides,
elymus multisetus,
germination,
Raster Results of Near-Term Landscape Intactness Model (LIM) at 100 meter resolution. One important model developed for the Landscape Assessment to assist in the evaluation of Conservation Element status and trends is the Landscape Intactness Model (LIM). This model builds on a growing body of existing composite scoring methods that aim to characterize the relative ecological condition of landscapes. This model uses indicators of human modification to provide a measurable way to characterize intactness. Indicators and their scores were selected for the Landscape Intactness Model based upon knowledge of their amount and distribution in the study area and understood level of impact to natural systems. The Landscape...
Types: Downloadable;
Tags: BLM,
Bureau of Land Management,
DOI,
Disturbance,
Ecological Landscape Condition,
This community serves to document data and analysis collected by researchers within the Upper Midwest Water Science Center whose mission is to collect high-quality hydrologic data and conduct unbiased, scientifically sound studies of water resources within the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Basins. We strive to meet the changing needs of those who use our information—from the distribution, availability, and quality of our water resources to topic-oriented research that addresses current hydrological issues.
This data release contains inputs for and outputs from hydrologic simulations for the conterminous United States (CONUS) using the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) version 5.1.0 and the USGS National Hydrologic Model infrastructure (NHM, Regan and others, 2018). Historical simulations using the Maurer forcings (Maurer and others, 2002) were conducted for the period 1950-2010. This metadata record documents the simulation output files for simulations ran using the dynamic parameters file. The output files are aggregated at the HUC4 level and are grouped and downloadable by HUC2 hydrologic region. Each zip folder contains identical information, just for a different region and set of hydrologic response...
This data release contains inputs for and outputs from hydrologic simulations of the upper Chattahoochee River Basin in northeast Georgia using the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). These simulations were developed to provide example applications of enhancements to the PRMS for the following topics: two new time-series input options (dynamic parameter module and water-use module), two new output options (Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU) summary output module and basin variables summary output module), and three updates of existing capabilities (stream and lake flow routing module, surface-depression storage and flow simulation, and the initial-conditions specification). These PRMS model input and output...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Chattahoochee River,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
model,
streamflow,
streamflow modeling
This data release contains input for and outputs from hydrologic simulations of the upper Pipestem creek basin located in the Prairie Pothole region of North Dakota using the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS).These simulations were developed to provide example applications of model calibration using alternative calibration targets. These PRMS model input and output data are intended to accompany a journal paper (Hay et al, 2017); they include three types of data: 1) PRMS climate inputs, 2) PRMS parameter files, and 3) PRMS outputs.
The southeastern United States was modeled to produce 59 simulations of historical and potential future streamflow using the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) as part of the study documented in LaFontaine and others (2019). One simulation used historical observations of climate, 13 used historical climate simulations using statistically downscaled general circulation model (GCM) output from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), and 45 used potential future climate simulations using statistically downscaled CMIP5 GCMs for four representative concentration pathways. Historical simulations with observations are for the period 1952-2010, historical simulations with the GCMs are for the period...
This simulated ecosystem carbon dataset is used to report terrestrial carbon balance of the Nisqually River basin in the Ecological Modelling paper "Modeling watershed carbon dynamics as affected by land cover change and soil erosion" The data is derived from simulations of the LUCAS model. Annual carbon variables of 2017 at 30m spatial resolution with 2426 rows and 2459 columns. Carbon stock and flux units are in kgC/m2 and kgC/m2/yr, respectively. Data are in tif format and Albers equal area projection. Overall data creation steps: 1. The pIBIS model was used to generate annual carbon parameters of typical ecosystems. 2. The USPED model was used to generate annual soil erosion and deposition maps as affected by...
These are model input and comparative data derived from pre-fire aerial LiDAR acquired in May 2012 for a small basin in the Valles Caldera, Northern New Mexico to represent canopy characteristics pre-fire. These characteristics include, (1) canopy closure, (2) edginess to the north, (3) edginess to the south, (4) leaf area index, (5) maximum tree height, (6) mean distance to canopy, (7) mean tree height, and (8) total gap area. These input data are intended to accompany a published report (The effects of wildfire on snow water resources estimated from canopy disturbance patterns and meteorological conditions [Moeser, Broxton and Harpold, 2019]). Each characteristic is provided in an individual ascii file. All data...
The Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin (ACFB) was modeled to produce fourteen simulations of streamflow for demonstration of enhancements to the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS); seven simulations without water use effects and seven simulations with water use effects. The seven simulations without water use were for 1) the whole ACFB basin (1982-2012), 2) the Chestatee River sub-basin (1982-2012), 3) the Chipola River sub-basin (1982-2012), 4) the Ichawaynochaway Creek sub-basin (1982-2012), 5) the Potato Creek sub-basin (1942-2012), 6) the Spring Creek sub-basin (1952-2012), and 7) the upper Chattahoochee River sub-basin (1982-2012). The seven simulations with water use effects were for the...
Types: Citation;
Tags: Apalachicola River,
Chattahoochee River,
Chestatee River,
Chipola River,
Flint River,
Monarch butterfly and other pollinators are in trouble. Monarch butterfly habitat— including milkweed host plants and nectar food sources—has declined drastically throughout most of the United States. Observed overwinter population levels have also exhibited a long-term downward trend, suggesting a strong relationship between habitat loss and monarch population declines. Preliminary research results from a U.S. Geological Survey led effort indicate that we need a comprehensive conservation strategy that includes all land types in order to stabilize monarch populations at levels necessary to adequately minimize extinction risk—urban areas will likely play a critical role. A Landscape Conservation Design (LCD) tool...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Applications and Tools,
Conservation design,
Conservation planning,
Data.gov,
Decision support,
Tidal marsh habitat is at high risk of severe loss and degradation as a result of human uses, sea-level rise, changes in salinity, and more frequent and extreme storms projected by climate models. Availability of habitat is a prerequisite for long-term viability of marsh bird populations and this has been modeled in a companion California Landscape Conservation Cooperative project (Veloz et al. 2011). However, habitat alone will ensure neither resilience nor recovery of depleted and threatened populations. To provide management guidance to reduce species’ vulnerability and recover depleted populations, we developed interactive population dynamic models for four key marsh species: Black Rail, Clapper Rail, Common...
For his MS thesis, Brendan Rogers used the vegetation model MC1 to simulate vegetation dynamics, associated carbon and nitrogen cycle, water budget and wild fire impacts across the western 2/3 of the states of Oregon and Washington using climate input data from the PRISM group (Chris Daly, OSU) at a 30arc second (800m) spatial grain. The model was run from 1895 to 2100 assuming that nitrogen demand from the plants was always met so that the nitrogen concentrations in various plant parts never dropped below their minimum reported values. A CO2 enhancement effect increased productivity and water use efficiency as the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased. Future climate change scenarios were generated through statistical...
For his MS thesis, Brendan Rogers used the vegetation model MC1 to simulate vegetation dynamics, associated carbon and nitrogen cycle, water budget and wild fire impacts across the western 2/3 of the states of Oregon and Washington using climate input data from the PRISM group (Chris Daly, OSU) at a 30arc second (800m) spatial grain. The model was run from 1895 to 2100 assuming that nitrogen demand from the plants was always met so that the nitrogen concentrations in various plant parts never dropped below their minimum reported values. A CO2 enhancement effect increased productivity and water use efficiency as the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased. Future climate change scenarios were generated through statistical...
All Conservation Design Elements identified through a multi-year conservation planning effort undertaken by the Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC). These elements were identified by the program Marxan as meeting collective conservation targets. Datasets include a merged design of all five elements, individual element shapefiles, and a prioritization shapefile (Conservation Design elements outlined by the NatureScape Design that were then placed into a prioritization framework based on Margulis and Pressy 2000).
Categories: Data;
Tags: Academics & scientific researchers,
Appalachian,
Complete,
Conservation NGOs,
Conservation Plan/Design/Framework,
Monarch butterfly and other pollinators are in trouble. Monarch butterfly habitat— including milkweed host plants and nectar food sources—has declined drastically throughout most of the United States. Observed overwinter population levels have also exhibited a long-term downward trend, suggesting a strong relationship between habitat loss and monarch population declines. Preliminary research results from a U.S. Geological Survey led effort indicate that we need a comprehensive conservation strategy that includes all land types in order to stabilize monarch populations at levels necessary to adequately minimize extinction risk—urban areas will likely play a critical role. A Landscape Conservation Design (LCD) tool...
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