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Problem - The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provided technical assistance between 2001 and 2013 to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in an investigation of the presence of chlorinated solvents (trichloroethylene and degradates) in ground water in the Middle-to-Lower Devonian and Upper Silurian carbonate bedrock southwest of Auburn in Cayuga County, N.Y. Pieziometric and water-quality data from the wells indicate that contaminants may have migrated in the bedrock as far as 7 miles toward discharge areas that are in an adjacent surface-water basin. The ground-water contamination site was added to the Super Fund priority list in 2003. Objectives - The objective of the work is to characterize the stratigraphy,...
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BackgroundDetailed investigations of mercury cycling and bioaccumulation have been done in the Upper Hudson River basin (upstream of the Hudson River near Newcomb, in New York's Adirondack Mountains, with a focus on the Fishing Brook sub-basin, part of the western headwaters of the Hudson River. This study is part of a National mercury study that includes a concurrent study of McTier Creek, a headwater sub-basin of the Edisto River, located in South Carolina's Coastal Plain. These two study areas provide contrasting and complementary settings for the study of mercury cycling and bioaccumulation in headwater streams with close connectivity to out-of-channel wetlands. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant source...
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BACKGROUND Air emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in electrical power plants, building heating systems and vehicles are the major source of gaseous sulfur (SOx) and nitrogen (NOx) oxides in the atmosphere. These oxides dissolve in atmospheric moisture forming ions which are deposited by rain, snowfall and dust particles as acidic deposition. Acidic deposition releases soluble aluminum from the soil which can reach toxic concentrations in adjacent water bodies such as streams and wetlands. Acidic deposition also removes important nutrients such as calcium, potassium and magnesium from the soil negatively impacting local flora and fauna. Depletion of calcium combined with excess aluminum makes forest...
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The Catskill Mountains of southeastern New York receive among the highest loads of acid deposition in New York and the northeastern U.S. Additionally, the Catskills are underlain by sandstone and conglomerate, which is base poor and weathers slowly. Thus, the Catskills contain numerous streams with low (< 50 µeq/L) acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) and are sensitive to impacts from atmospheric acid deposition. Since at least 1983, however, the levels of acidity in atmospheric deposition (primarily sulfuric acid) have been declining in the Catskills and throughout New York. While widespread recovery of streams in the Catskills has not yet been confirmed, recent data suggest that recovery in waters with ANC values...
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Problem The mainstem of the Mohawk River extends from Lake Delta Dam near Rome, NY downstream to its confluence with the Hudson River near Cohoes, NY. It supports a diverse fishery that is used extensively by recreational anglers. Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and walleye (Sander vitreus) are among the most popular game species with anglers but past biological surveys have documented at least 56 fish species that inhabit the river. An extensive fish survey of the Lower Mohawk River was last conducted by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) from 1979-1983. Some key findings of this research include: • the river supported an abundant and fast growing smallmouth bass...
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Problem Water temperature is a critical component of trout habitat. Stream temperatures not only affect the distribution, behavior, and survival of trout (and other species), but also compel these species to move toward small areas of preferred temperatures, known as refuges, to maximize growth, survival, and fitness. The Schoharie watershed in the Catskill Mountains, including East Kill, West Kill, and Batavia Kill tributaries as well as the main-stem Schoharie Creek, supports small or transient populations of wild brook trout as well as naturalized and hatchery brown trout. Water temperatures in parts of these rivers typically exceed lethal thresholds for these species for several weeks each summer. Managing agencies...
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Background and Problem The Retsof salt mine in the Genesee River valley, Livingston County, New York flooded after roof collapses in 1994 created two rubble chimneys in overlying bedrock that intersected a confined aquifer in the basal glacial-drift deposits (figs. 1 and 2). Groundwater flowed downward through the rubble chimneys causing widespread drawdown in the lower confined aquifer until the mine was completely flooded in 1996 (Yager and others, 2001). By 2005, water levels in the lower confined aquifer had nearly recovered to pre-collapse conditions but the hydraulic connection through the rubble chimneys between the brine-filled mine cavity, saline-water bedrock fracture zones, and the lower confined aquifer...
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Problem The Peconic Estuary of eastern Long Island, New York, is undergoing development as the region transitions from a rural area dependent on agriculture and tourism to a suburban one with a larger year-round population. The glacial and coastal-plain sediments underlying Long Island comprise a sole-source aquifer system that supplies the region’s communities with potable water. The area surrounding the Peconic Estuary was intensely farmed prior to suburbanization. Nitrogen loading from past fertilizer use was high as estimated from historical information and the continued detection of legacy effects in the aquifer system. In some areas, the peak or bolus of agricultural nitrogen loading from practices several...
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Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can yield, water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes, and other openings (Olcott, 1995). Groundwater contamination from liquid manure application (fecal coliform bacteria [E. coli] and nitrate) has been on the increase over the past decade as these incidents have been reported to the NYS DEC. Nitrate is highly water-soluble...
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In 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, collected horizontal-to-vertical seismic soundings at 31 locations in the Owasco Inlet valley, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York to help determine thickness of the unconsolidated deposits. The HVSR technique, commonly referred to as the passive-seismic method, is used to estimate the thickness of unconsolidated sediments and the depth to bedrock (Lane and others, 2008; Fairchild and others, 2013). The passive-seismic method uses a single, broad-band three-component (two horizontal and one vertical) seismometer to record ambient seismic noise. In areas that have a strong acoustic contrast between...
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This data release contains modeled daily chlorophyll concentration for 82 streams and rivers across the conterminous United States. Estimates of daily chlorophyll concentration were generated using an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) (Chen & Guestrin, 2016) machine learning model and various measures of water quality, reach characteristics, and meteorology. Child Items in this data release contain: Site information: This child item contains station identifiers, location information, location type, stream order, and associated NHDPlusv2.1 reach common unique identifiers (ComID). The file format is tab-delimted with 1 row per station. Model inputs and outputs: This child item contains XGBoost model inputs, observed...
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This child item model archive summary documents a surrogate regression model to estimate suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) at the Schoharie Creek at Burtonsville, New York (U.S. Geological Survey station number 01351500). The methods used follow USGS guidance in relevant Office of Surface Water/Office of Water Quality Technical Memoranda and USGS Techniques and Methods, book 3, chap. 4 (Rasmussen and others, 2009). Sixty-one concurrent measurements of SSC and turbidity, collected from October 1, 2015, through May 2, 2020, were used in the model calibration dataset. Samples were collected across 75 percent of the range in observed discharge and 87 percent of the range in observed turbidity during the model calibration...
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This data release contains phytoplankton classification and enumeration results from two moving boat surveys conducted on July 15 - 18, 2019 and August 19 - 22, 2019. These data were collected from the Caloosahatchee River and estuary, the St. Lucie River and estuary, and Lake Okeechobee with funding provided by the USGS Priority Ecosystems Greater Everglades Program.
This data release supports an analysis of changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate concentrations in Buck Creek watershed near Inlet, New York 2001 to 2021. The Buck Creek watershed is a 310-hectare forested watershed that is recovering from acidic deposition within the Adirondack region. The data release includes pre-processed model inputs and model outputs for the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge and Season (WRTDS) model (Hirsch and others, 2010) to estimate daily flow normalized concentrations of DOC and nitrate during a 20-year period of analysis. WRTDS uses daily discharge and concentration observations implemented through the Exploration and Graphics for River Trends R package (EGRET) to...
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The dataset is composed of two tables containing data collected during screening surveys for invasive Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus) on the Eastern Erie Canal in New York. Environmental DNA using water samples and traditional fish surveys using benthic trawling, seining, and trapping were conducted twice annually at 12 sites on the Eastern Erie Canal between Oneida Lake and the Hudson River from 2016-2019. Study sites were selected to be approximately equidistant apart (~ 20 km) while also taking advantage of suitable access points. Within a study site, the exact areas that were sampled were often staggered by 500 m or occasionally more in order to find appropriate habitat for each gear type (i.e., wadable...
map background search result map search result map Potential Recovery of Water Chemistry and Stream Biota from Reduced Levels of Acid Deposition at a Sensitive Watershed in the Catskill Mountains, New York Spatiotemporal trends in fish assemblages of the Mohawk River Identifying Thermal Refuges in the Schoharie Watershed Mercury Cycling and Bioaccumulation in the Upper Hudson River Basin--Fishing Brook Hydrogeology of a Ground-Water Contamination Site, Cayuga County, New York Effects of acid rain on the ecological health of Long Island’s forests and ponds Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features Surface-Geophysical Surveys and Well Network for Monitoring Aquifer Salinity in the Genesee River Valley, Livingston County, New York The Use of Solute-transport Methods to Estimate Time-varying Nitrogen Loading Rates to the Peconic Estuary Resulting from Wastewater and Fertilizer Inputs to Groundwater in Suffolk County, New York (Peconic Solute Transport) Phytoplankton Community Composition and Abundance in Lake Okeechobee and the Okeechobee Waterway, Florida, USA, July and August 2019 Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Soundings and Depth-to-Bedrock Data for the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York 2016 Daily Estimates of Chlorophyll Concentration for 82 U.S. Rivers Unconfined and Semiconfined Aquifers in the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York Gravel Pits and Quarries in the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York Model archive summary for turbidity derived suspended-sediment concentration at USGS station 01351500 Schoharie Creek at Burtonsville, New York Environmental DNA (eDNA) and fish capture data from Round Goby screening surveys on the Eastern Erie Canal, New York Hydrogeology of a Ground-Water Contamination Site, Cayuga County, New York Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Soundings and Depth-to-Bedrock Data for the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York 2016 Potential Recovery of Water Chemistry and Stream Biota from Reduced Levels of Acid Deposition at a Sensitive Watershed in the Catskill Mountains, New York Unconfined and Semiconfined Aquifers in the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York Gravel Pits and Quarries in the Owasco Inlet Watershed, Cayuga and Tompkins Counties, New York Surface-Geophysical Surveys and Well Network for Monitoring Aquifer Salinity in the Genesee River Valley, Livingston County, New York Identifying Thermal Refuges in the Schoharie Watershed Effects of acid rain on the ecological health of Long Island’s forests and ponds The Use of Solute-transport Methods to Estimate Time-varying Nitrogen Loading Rates to the Peconic Estuary Resulting from Wastewater and Fertilizer Inputs to Groundwater in Suffolk County, New York (Peconic Solute Transport) Environmental DNA (eDNA) and fish capture data from Round Goby screening surveys on the Eastern Erie Canal, New York Phytoplankton Community Composition and Abundance in Lake Okeechobee and the Okeechobee Waterway, Florida, USA, July and August 2019 Spatiotemporal trends in fish assemblages of the Mohawk River Statewide Assessment of New York’s Karst Aquifers With an Inventory of Closed-Depression and Focused-Recharge Features Mercury Cycling and Bioaccumulation in the Upper Hudson River Basin--Fishing Brook Daily Estimates of Chlorophyll Concentration for 82 U.S. Rivers