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Executive Summary: Fisheries data compilation efforts for this project fell within two large watersheds in Arizona; the Verde River watershed (Desert LCC) and the Little Colorado River watershed (Southern Rockies LCC). We divided the project into two phases; 1) data compilation for the Arizona Game and Fish Fisheries Information Systems (FINS) and 2) a demonstration of FINS through model development and species distribution data. During phase 1, we compiled, cleaned, assigned National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) reach codes to historical data for 113,230 fish records in the Verde River watershed and 43,828 fish records from the Little Colorado River watershed. These records were standardized to meet the Arizona Game...
Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, AZ-01, AZ-02, AZ-03, AZ-04, All tags...
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Delivering adequate water supplies to support expanding human enterprise while maintaining the necessary flow regimes to support desired riparian ecosystems and formally protected wildlife species that depend upon them is increasingly difficult in the arid western United States. Many riparian systems have undergone dramatic alteration over the last 50 - 100 years, exacerbating the conflicts between resource use and biodiversity protection. One of the most visible changes that is in part due to altered flow regimes is the establishment of invasive plant species in riparian ecosystems. The highest priority invasive riparian plant is the Eurasian tree/shrub, tamarisk (or saltcedar, Tamarix spp.) the third most abundant...
Categories: Data, Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, AZ-01, AZ-02, AZ-03, AZ-04, All tags...
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Description of Work To achieve a better understanding of seasonal habitats and migratory behaviors of Asian carp, we will conduct studies using telemetry, sonar and conventional fish sampling to determine 1) if, when, and where Asian carp congregate, 2) habitat overlap between Asian carp and native fishes, especially native filter-feeding fishes and potential predators, and 3) the suitability of large rivers and tributaries for spawning by Asian carp. We will also assess feeding behaviors by sampling food particles from areas with telemetry-tagged fish, at random sites and in Asian carp stomachs. Food from these sources will be characterized with a particle analyzer, genetics and microscopy to determine preferences...
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Description of Work USGS researchers have determined the densities of the eggs as these develop, and how much time the bighead and silver carp require to begin swimming and migrating laterally from flowing water into nursery habitat. This information about egg transport requirements was used to create a Tributary Assessment Tool also referred to as the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator (FluEgg) model. The development of this tool was a collaborative effort between USGS and the University of Illinois. The tool takes into account the hydraulics of a river (water velocity and dispersion rates) and the water temperature (affects egg and larvae development rates) in order to determine if a river is sufficiently long and the...
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Description of Work USGS will conduct seasonal sampling of benthic invertebrates, zooplankton, prey fish, sport fish, and their diets to complement the seasonal lower trophic level sampling by EPA. This data will provide a more holistic understanding of how invasive-driven, food-web changes could be altering energy available to sport fishes in the Great Lakes and used to build a decision support tool that can explore how different scenarios (dreissenid control, nutrient reductions, changes in fish stocking) influence the biomass of economically important fisheries.
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Products Duncker, J.J. and Johnson, K.K., 2015, Hydrology of and current monitoring issues for the Chicago Area Waterway System, northeastern Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5115, 48 p., http://dx.doi. org/10.3133/sir20155115.
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Up to 12 different prey fish species were sampled with a 12-m bottom trawl during April, July, and September along two Lake Huron transects (Thunder Bay, Hammond Bay). At each transect in each month, two replicate 10-min tows were conducted at each of three depths (18, 46, 82 m) during the day and night. Once the fish were onboard in a given tow, they were sorted to species, weighed (in aggregate), and up to 50 individuals per species were measured to the nearest total length.
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Description of Work Several techniques will be used to characterize these potential controlling factors and data collection will be coordinated with the other agencies efforts to provide maximum complementary data collection and analysis. Flow, velocity and a suite of water-quality parameters (water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, chlorophyll-a, blue-green algae, nitrate and turbidity) will be collected in the main channel and backwater areas of the river. Plankton sampling data from the Illinois Department of Natural History will be used to characterize the available food supply in this reach of the river. Day-to-day movement of Asian carp recorded from field observations and telemetered...
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Description of Work The geology, hydrology, sediment, and water quality of the Des Plaines River, I&M Canal, and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the aquifer between these water bodies were characterized along a 19-mile reach of interest. Acoustic data and a field examination of the bedrock identified the geometry of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and areas with fractures that could possibly transport water from the Des Plaines River or I&M Canal to the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal by way of the groundwater system. The areas with fractures were further investigated by collecting sediment, geologic, and hydraulic data that could indicate a connection between the surface-water bodies and the groundwater....
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Description of Work The invasive form of Phragmites australis (common reed) is a well-established pest in many parts of the Great Lakes and the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts, including designated Areas of Concern. New innovative control options that sustainably target the competitive advantage often enjoyed by Phragmites and other invasive plants will contribute to a broad Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy. This project targets the microorganisms that may help Phragmites spread and will employ a molecular genetic approach to silence the genes in Phragmites that give it a competitive edge over many native plants. This project helped build and will continue to be closely aligned with the Great Lakes Phragmites...
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Strategies: a three-pronged approach will continue to be taken during the next three years, with WLCI funds primarily going toward the first "prong" (much of this in the Greys River drainage), and some funds going toward the second "prong": 1. Prevent the successful establishment of noxious weed species not yet established on National Forest System lands in the Greys River Ranger District. 2. Prevent the successful establishment of new infestations of spotted knapweed, leafy spurge, yellow toadflax, and Dyer’s woad beyond existing perimeters along roads, trails, and adjoining lands, and either eliminate existing patches or reduce the density of noxious weed densities to a point in which a native plant diversity...
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Description of Work U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) will identify through this project significant sources and impacts of historical and newly emerging toxics to the Great Lakes ecosystem through broad surveillance as well as laboratory and field research of tree swallows and other bird species. USGS scientists will determine the amount of exposure to and the effects of historical and emerging contaminants in Great Lakes food chains. The data will inform regulators and provide guidance on removal of Beneficial Use Impairments at Area of Concern sites around the Great Lakes. Work supported under this project is quantifying exposure to, and effects of, both historical and emerging contaminants on Great Lakes food chains...
Most natural resource managers, planners and policy makers are now dependent upon spatially explicit environmental suitability and spatial allocation analyses to inform policy and management decisions. However, staff across agencies has been unable to stay current on understanding and applying these new data, tools and analyses. Currently, this information may be underutilized or used inappropriately, which could result in poor decisions. Two training curricula were developed – one for managers and one for GIS analysts – on current best practices for developing and using spatial information to support conservation decision making. The training materials are open-source and widely distributed to California LCC stakeholders.
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Description of Work During 2014-2016, researchers at the USGS Lake Erie Biological Station in collaboration with the University of Toledo used three different gears to try to capture eggs and larvae of Grass Carp. Bongo nets, so named because when held up they resemble Bongo drums, are fine-mesh, cone-shaped nets that are towed through the water for 5 minutes. These nets capture floating eggs (Grass Carp eggs float) and any small fish that can’t swim fast enough to get out of the way. Light traps are fished at night and capture fish that are attracted to light – like Grass Carp. Light traps are fished for about 1 hour at a time in backwater areas where small fish seek cover from current and predators and abundant...
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Description of Work Hydroacoustic surveys were used to characterize the distribution of fish within the backwater before, during and after the addition of algal feeding attractants, establishment of a water gun barrier and commercial fishing activities. Algal feeding attractants were injected at predetermined locations in the backwater to attract and concentrate Asian carp in the closed portion of the backwater. Nine days after the first algal feeding attractant was added, a water gun barrier was established at the narrowest location on the backwater. The water gun barrier was established about 14 hours before commercial fishers began 3 consecutive days of carp removal; the water gun barrier operated continuously...
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Description of Work The field portion of a method validation study was completed August 2015. The study was designed to test the accuracy of a LAMP method to detect eDNA of Asian carps during simulated fish transport. During the study, more than 10,000 minnows were held in each of three fish transport tanks. Ten 4-inch silver carp were placed in one tank, a single 4-inch silver carp in the second tank while the third tank had no silver carp and served as a negative control. The LAMP method used amplifies the DNA of both bighead carp and silver carp. Three replicate trials were completed on separate days with side-by-side analyses completed by three novice and two expert users. Expert users had extensive experience...
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Maps of areas greater than 0.2 hectare (0.5 acre) dominated by invasive Phragmites australis were created for the coastal region (shoreline to 10 km inland) of the United States side the Great Lakes and connecting water ways. The maps were developed using unsupervised/supervised classification methods and ground truth data collected during 2010 and 2011 in conjunction with multi-season ALOS PALSAR imagery (for the remote sensing-based iterative classification process), as well as through the interpretation of aerial photography to reduce classification confusion. Overall classification accuracy compared to field data for mapping was approximately 86%.
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Description of Work Two large-scale and complex applications of rotenone (a fish poison) in the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS) occurred in 2009 and 2010 to combat invasive Asian. Rotenone is a fish toxicant that targets gill-breathing organisms by inhibiting respiration and breaks down quickly in the environment. In December 2009, rotenone was applied in the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS) at multiple stations through a 6.2-mile reach of the canal near Lockport, Illinois. The rotenone was being applied as a precautionary measure during maintenance of the electric fish barrier in place to keep the Asian carp out of the Great Lakes. Tracking the movement of the rotenone is critical to time the addition of...
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The Grassland, Shrubland, Desert Program of the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station intends to evaluate the interactive effects of fire and climate change on the presence and long-term persistence of native and non-native species within Rio Grande riparian and wetland habitats of the Desert and Southern Rockies LCCs. Decision support tools and maps will be produced that will help resource managers identify conditions and locations where biodiversity will be most affected by future changes and identify needs with respect to species conservation and invasive species management.This project was co-funded by multiple Landscape Conservation Cooperatives: Desert LCC and the Southern Rockies LCC.
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Description of Work The USGS measures water levels at the adult Asian Carp barrier fence in Eagle Marsh and reports those data hourly to a USGS website. The barrier fence is an 8 foot tall, nearly 1,200 foot chain link fence across a part of Eagle Marsh. When flooding raises water levels at the fence, alerts are sent to State and local biologists and resource staff who respond and inspect the fence line for adult Asian Carp and debris accumulation. The USGS also measures streamflow and water temperature at two sites downstream from Eagle Marsh to evaluate how precipitation in area watersheds causes streamflow and water levels to increase and how temporary changes in flow directions downstream on Graham McCulloch...