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Synthesis of Current Science and Assessment of Science Needs for Adaptation in the Southwest The goals of this project were to: (1) produce a state-of-the-art assessment and synthesis of climate change projections, impacts, vulnerabilities, adaptive capacity, and prospects for mitigation and adaptation actions in the Southwest in support of the regional contribution to the National Climate Assessment; (2) develop an inventory of federal partners and stakeholders involved with climate adaptation programs, and (3) forge stronger bonds between the DOI-SW CSC, the three NOAA-RISAs in the Southwest, and the Landscape Conservation Cooperatives. Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, CASC, Completed, Federal, LCC, All tags... Multiple, Projects by Region, RISA, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Southwest Climate Alliance, State of the Science, State of the Science, adaptation, climate assessment, climate change, climate change projection, communication, coordination, inventory, management, mitigation, multiple, stakeholders, synthesis, vulnerabilities, workshop, Fewer tags Forest Management Tools to Maximize Snow Retention under Climate Change Climate change is projected to cause earlier and less snowmelt, potentially reducing water availability for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and for municipal and agricultural water supplies. However, if forested landscapes can be managed to retain snow longer, some of these environmental and financial impacts may be mitigated. Results from our research team demonstrate that in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), opening dense forest canopies through creating forest gaps will generally lead to more snow accumulation and later melt (i.e., up to 13 weeks later). However, under certain conditions, such as locations on ridges with high wind speeds and sunny south-facing slopes, the snow that accumulated in the forest is... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2014, CASC, Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, Data Visualization & Tools, All tags... Forests, Forests, Landscapes, Landscapes, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Other Water, Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest, management, snow, snow retention, watershed analysis, Fewer tags Springs and Seeps Inventory, Assessment, and Management Planning Project A combination of citizen science inventories and expert assessments will be used to collect critical baseline information on known spring and seep resources using the Spring Ecosystem Inventory and Assessment Protocols and adapting them as needed for the unique arid Sky Island ecosystems. The assessment will collect information on channel morphology, riparian and wetland vegetation, water quality, aquatic macroinvertebrates, and wildlife. This information will be combined with historic data from cooperating agencies (Pima County, Santa Cruz County, USFS, NPA, USGS, USFWS, BLM, and AGFD) in a regional, on-line database to provide a landscape level context for managing resources, which was previously unavailable due... Categories: Data, Project; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, AZ-02, AZ-03, Arizona, Arizona, All tags... Conservation NGOs, Conservation Plan/Design/Framework, Conservation Planning, Data Acquisition and Development, Datasets/Database, Decision Support, Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, FLUVIAL LANDFORMS, FLUVIAL LANDFORMS, Federal resource managers, GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES, GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES, LAND SURFACE, LAND SURFACE, LCC, LCC Network Science Catalog, Map, Pima County, Policy makers & regulators, Project, Regional & county planners, SPRING, SPRING, Santa Cruz County, Sky Island Region, Sky Islands Region, Transboundary Madrean Watersheds Pilot Area, United States, assessments, biota, completed, management, seeps and springs, volunteers, Fewer tags Projecting Future Streamflow in the Colorado River Basin The Colorado River is the dominant water source for the southwestern United States, crossing through seven states before reaching Mexico. The river supplies water to approximately 36 million people, irrigates nearly six million acres of farmland within and beyond the basin, and contributes an estimated 26 billion dollars each year to the region’s recreational economy. Yet the Colorado River’s water supply is already fully allocated, meaning that the economic and environmental health of the region is closely tied to the river’s streamflow. Climate projections for the Southwest show a future marked by chronic drought and substantial reductions in streamflow. The region has already been impacted by climate change,... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2013, CA, CASC, CMIP5, CO River Basin, All tags... Colorado River, Completed, Drought, Drought, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Extreme Weather, Extreme Weather, Federal, Morro Bay, Multiple, NV, Projects by Region, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, bay-delta, drought, dynamical downscaling, ecosystem, ensemble, enso, gcm, hydrology, la nina, management, model, monsoon, multiple, pdf, precipitation, public health, regional climate projection, season, semi-arid, snowpack, sst, streamflow, streamflow projection, weather, Fewer tags Effects of Sea-Level Rise and Extreme Storms on California Coastal Habitats: Part 1 In California, the near-shore area where the ocean meets the land is a highly productive yet sensitive region that supports a wealth of wildlife, including several native bird species. These saltmarshes, mudflats, and shallow bays are not only critical for wildlife, but they also provide economic and recreational benefits to local communities. Today, sea-level rise, more frequent and stronger storms, saltwater intrusion, and warming water temperatures are among the threats that are altering these important habitats. To support future planning and conservation of California’s near-shore habitats, researchers examined current weather patterns, elevations, tides, and sediments at these sites to see how they affect... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, Bolinas Lagoon, CA, CASC, California, All tags... Coastal, Coastal Habitats, Completed, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Extreme Weather, Extreme Weather, Federal, Humboldt Bay, Morro Bay, Newport Bay, Projects by Region, Pt. Mugu, SF Bay/Delta, San Pablo Bay, Sea-Level Rise and Coasts, Sea-Level Rise and Coasts, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Tijuana River, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, animals, assessment, birds, climate change, coastal, conservation, dem, downscale, dynamical, gcm, geomorphology, gis, hydrology, intertidal, management, marsh, model, multiple, nearshore, plants, sea level rise, sediment, sf bay, shoals, slr, storm, tidal, vegetation, vulnerability, wrf, Fewer tags The Vulnerability of Forests to Climate Change and Wildfire in the Southwestern U.S. Fire in the western U.S. poses one of the greatest threats to human and ecological communities alike. In fact, fire management is the largest single expenditure of land management funds on federal lands. Now, climate change is altering wildfire patterns. Climate change in the West is creating warmer and drier conditions, resulting in an increase in the amount of dead vegetation available to fuel fires. This project sought to assess the vulnerability of forests in the southwestern U.S. to climate change and wildfire, in order to understand how these ecosystems might become altered as a result. Researchers (a) examined how climate change impacts wildfires in the region, to better understand fire risk; (b) identified... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, CA, CASC, CO, Completed, All tags... Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Federal, Fire, Fire, Forests, Forests, Landscapes, Landscapes, NM, NV, OR, Plants, Plants, Projects by Region, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Southwest US, UT, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, adaptive capacity, assessment, climate change, connectivity, ecosystem, ensemble, exposure, fire, forests, forests, management, model, multiple, prism, sensitivity, trees, vegetation, vulnerability, vulnerability assessment, wildfire, woodlands, woodlands, Fewer tags Climate Change Vulnerability of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe in the Southwest Native Americans are one of the most vulnerable populations to climate change in the United States because of their reliance upon the natural environment for food, livelihood, and cultural traditions. In the Southwest, where the temperature and precipitation changes from climate change are expected to be particularly severe, tribal communities may be especially vulnerable. Through this project, researchers sought to better understand the climate change threats facing the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe of northwestern Nevada. Researchers found that the Tribe’s vulnerability to climate change stems from its dependence on Pyramid Lake, which may experience reduced water supply in the future. This will potentially have negative... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, CASC, Completed, Federal, Fish, All tags... Fish, Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Peoples, Multiple, NV, Paiute Tribe, Projects by Region, Pyramid Lake, Pyramid Lake, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Social Science, Social Science, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, TEK, Tribes and Tribal Organizations, Tribes and Tribal Organizations, Truckee River, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, adaptation, climate, climate change, collaboration, culture, decision framework, downscale, economic, hydrology, management, native american communities, resilience, social, threshold, tradition, tribal, vulnerability, water, Fewer tags Evaluating the Impact of Climate Science Produced by the Southwest CSC on Resource Management Agency Decisions Few evaluations of actual collaborative science or co-production processes have been undertaken that can point to specific outcomes for either resource management or science decisions. Project researchers will assess a sample of collaborative Southwest Climate Science Center (SW CSC) funded research projects in order to evaluate the approaches used by SW CSC investigators to collaborate with agency managers and stakeholders; assess the management outcomes of these collaborative processes; develop a tentative set of metrics to measure the effect of these collaborations on management outcomes and the research process; and distill a set of best practices that improve both management and collaborative research process-related... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2013, CASC, Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, Federal, All tags... Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Social Science, Social Science, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, best practices, co-production, collaborative, decision-making, evaluation, interviews, management, managers, multiple, science, stakeholders, surveys, webinars, workshops, Fewer tags Identifying the Vulnerability of Birds and Reptiles to Changes in Climate in the Southwest Biodiversity is declining worldwide, and this trend could potentially become more severe as climate conditions change. An integral component of proactive adaptive management planning requires forecasts of how changes in climate will affect individual species. This need has been identified my multiple federal agencies, including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, and U.S. Forest Service. The goal of this project was to assist land and wildlife managers in anticipating which species are most vulnerable to changes in climate in the Southwest, and how resources can best be invested to facilitate adaptation. Researchers evaluated the current and future breeding ranges... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, AZ, Birds, Birds, CA, All tags... CASC, CO, Federal, Multiple, NM, NV, OR, Other Wildlife, Other Wildlife, Projects by Region, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, UT, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, biodiverstiy, birds, birds, climate change, downscale, gcm, management, model, multiple, natureserve, reptiles, reptiles, species distribution, species distribution model, statistical, vulnerability assessment, Fewer tags The Influence of the North Pacific Jet Stream on Future Fire in California In California, increased wildfire activity has been linked to decreasing snowpack and earlier snowmelt. Not only has this translated into a longer fire season, but reduced snowpack has cascading effects that impact streamflow, water supplies, agricultural productivity, and ecosystems. California receives 80% of its precipitation during the winter, so mountain snowpack plays a critical role in replenishing the state’s water supply. One factor that affects the amount of winter precipitation (and therefore snowpack) in California is the North Pacific Jet (NPJ)—a current of strong, high altitude winds that occur over the northern Pacific Ocean. Winters when the NPJ is located further north than normal are drier than... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service, Report; Tags: 2013, CA, CA-wide, CASC, Completed, All tags... Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Federal, Fire, Fire, Landscapes, Landscapes, NPJ, Other Landscapes, Other Landscapes, Other Water, Other Water, Plants, Plants, Projects by Region, Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, atmosphere, climatology, decadal, ecological response, ecosystem, ecosystem, fire, hydrological response, jet stream, management, north pacific jet, snowmelt, snowpack, tree ring reconstruction, tree rings, water, wildfire, wildfire, Fewer tags Assessing the Use of Climate Information in Resource Management Decisions in the Southwest In the Southwestern U.S., rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are resulting in changes such as more frequent and severe wildfires and prolonged drought. Natural resource managers striving to make decisions in the face of these changing conditions can benefit from information on past, present, and future climate. While an array of climate assessments are available, it is unclear how useful or relevant this information is for resource management decision-making in the Southwest. This project sought to identify the types of environmental information that resource managers in the Southwest need to make climate-related management decisions. To meet this goal, researchers first assessed the degree... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2013, AZ, CA, CASC, CO, All tags... Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, Federal, NM, NV, Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Social Science, Social Science, Southwest, Southwest, Southwest CASC, UT, communication, decision support, decision support, information, knowledge networks, management, multiple, networks, social science, survey, Fewer tags