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Images were captured using INFINITY series cameras (models 1-2C, 3-3URFC, and 2-1RC, Lumenera Corp., Ottawa, ON Canada) coupled with stereomicroscopes (model EMZ-TR, Meiji Techno, San Jose, CA USA and model M8, Wild Company, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) or a compound microscope (model Vanox, Olympus, Waltham, MA USA). Specimens >2mm in length were photographed superimposed over a 1mm gridded stage to provide spatial reference when comparing other individuals for verification. Standard photo perspectives (e.g., dorsal, ventral, lateral, etc.) were taken of each specimen, and at least one in each series was annotated to illustrate important family and/or genus level characteristics noted in commonly available dichotomous...
The DRC is structured hierarchically and is searchable by order, family, and genus. Input the desired organism into the search bar at the head of the webpage to display an auto-populated alphabetical list of the members of a taxa group that are currently included in the DRC. While the initial digitization effort has focused primarily on larval insect stages, the DRC includes multiple life stages (e.g., larvae, pupae, and adult) of some taxa. Various life stage images of a given taxa are searchable by selecting the desired tab within the life stage search bar. An adjacent search bar allows the user to search by photographic perspective (e.g., dorsal or anterior) of a specimen. Once a desired taxa is located within...
Aquatic invertebrates are a key component of freshwater ecosystems, and an understanding of aquatic invertebrate taxonomy is central to freshwater science. The North American Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Digital Reference Collection (NAAMDRC) was created by the U.S. Geological Survey Aquatic Experimental Lab (AXL) at the Fort Collins Science Center to provide users with a graphic tool to aid in the identification and verification of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Many aquatic ecology labs possess a collection of reference organisms that technicians and taxonomists may compare and confirm against expertly identified and verified type specimens of a particular taxa. A digital reference collection (DRC) can overcome several...
The United States is home to more than 3,000 fish species and over 322 million people, and they all depend on the same water. Healthy aquatic resources are vital to the integrity of the United States and essential for sustainable fish populations. Unfortunately, in many places around the United States, fish and the habitats on which they depend are degraded or in decline. Almost 40 percent of the nation’s freshwater fish species are considered at risk or vulnerable to extinction. Habitat loss is the most common cause for extinction of freshwater fish in the United States over the past century, and many saltwater fish are also in decline due to habitat degradation. In 1997, Congress declared that one of the greatest...
Thank you to all of the agencies, organizations and individuals that helped make this report happen. We would like to give a special thank you to the following groups and individuals. Web Report Development and Design Jacob Juszak and Don Brown – U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center Steven Aulenbach and Sky Bristol - U.S. Geological Survey Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries Assessment Contributors Alison Collins - Ocean Associates, Inc. in support of NOAA Fisheries (currently with the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California) Arthur Cooper – Michigan State University Correigh Greene - NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center Daniel R. Obenour – North Carolina State...
Healthy waterways and thriving fish populations are vital to the well-being of American society, providing clean water, food and recreation. They are important for less tangible reasons as well, as anyone who has fished a tranquil stream or paddled a salty bay can attest. Healthy aquatic habitats sustain their ecological functions and resilience while meeting the social and economic needs of human society. Unfortunately, in many places around the United States, fish and the habitats on which they depend are in decline. Jelks et al (2008) listed 700 inland fish taxa considered imperiled in North America, including both freshwater and diadromous species. Further, they reported that there was a substantial increase...
Agouridis, C. T., S. R. Workman, R. C. Warner, and G. D. Jennings. 2005. Livestock grazing management impacts on stream water quality: a review. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 41(3):591-606. Ali, Muna, and T. R. Sreekrishnan. 2001. Aquatic toxicity from pulp and paper mill effluents: a review. Advances in Environmental Research 5(2): 175-196. Allan, J. D. (2004). Landscapes and riverscapes: the influence of land use on stream ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 35:257-284. Barbier, E.B., S.D. Hacker, C. Kennedy, E.W. Koch, A.C. Stier, and B.R. Silliman. 2011. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecological Monographs 81:169-193. Beaulieu, J....
Authors Steve Crawford 1, Gary Whelan 2, Dana M. Infante 3, Kristan Blackhart 4, Wesley M. Daniel 3, Pam L. Fuller 5, Tim Birdsong 6, Daniel J. Wieferich 5, Ricardo McClees-Funinan 5, Susan M. Stedman 7, Kyle Herreman 3, and Peter Ruhl 5 1 Retired Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission 2 Michigan Department of Natural Resources 3 Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife 4 ECS Federal, Inc. contracted to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5 U.S. Geological Survey 6 Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 7 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Citation Crawford, S., Whelan, G., Infante, D.M., Blackhart, K., Daniel, W.M., Fuller, P.L., Birdsong, T., Wieferich,...
Environmental assessment overview: Yucca Mountain Site, Nevada Research and Development Area, Nevada
In February 1983, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) identified the Yucca Mountain site in Nevada as one of nine potentially acceptable sites for a mined geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. The site is in the Great Basin, which is one of five distinct geohydrologic settings considered for the first repository. To determine their suitability, the Yucca Mountain site and the eight other potentially acceptable sites have been evaluated in accordance with the DOE'S General Guidelines for the Recommendation of Sites for the Nuclear Waste Repositories. These evaluations were reported in draft environmental assessments (EAs), which were issued for public review and comment. After...
This ScienceBase item provides the queries and code that identifies components and organization of the detailed methodology for the National Fish Habitat Partnership's 2015 National Fish Habitat Asessment.
A review of the four main wood energy sectors in the U.S. was conducted to explore historic trends and the impact of alternative energy prices and public policies on wood energy consumption. High oil prices have triggered the adoption of government regulation and financial incentives to promote greater use of wood energy over the last four decades. However, the amount of wood energy consumed in the U.S. industrial sector was driven mainly by the output of the pulp and paper products industry and not by energy prices or any particular public policy incentive. Residential consumption of wood energy was positively correlated with competing energy prices. Public policies seem to have had a greater impact on wood energy...
This DRC is presented as a dynamic tool for users and is a compilation of the most accurate, up-to-date, and complete information that is currently available. However, taxonomy is in a constant state of flux, and revision will be a perpetual component of this collection. Please bring any errors in the NAAMDRC to our attention using the ‘Comment’ box. USGS encourages and welcomes contributions of taxa that are currently not included in the DRC. Before submitting a sample, please contact us using the Comment box to confirm that we are seeking a specific taxa.
This paper provides an overview of issues and opportunities associated with the use of biomass for electric power generation. Important physical characteristics of biomass and waste fuels are summarized, including comparisons with conventional fossil fuels, primarily coal. The paper also provides an overview of the current use of biomass and waste fuels for electric power generation. Biomass and waste fuels are currently used for approximately 9800 MW of electric generating capacity, including about 6100 MW of capacity fueled by wood/wood waste and about 2200 MW of capacity fueled with municipal solid waste. Perspectives on the future availability of biomass fuels (including energy crops) are addressed, as well...
This item provides the ScienceBase query that identifies components of the fish habitat assessments within the National Overview. It also contains a link to a configuration file that pulls these pieces of information into a logical order. This information can be accessed through the ScienceBase API to display a summary of fish habitat assessment information for the National Overview.
Data Alaska Inland Assessment of Streams Habitat Condition and Disurbance Indices (HUC12s) - click here to download Alaska Inland Assessment of Streams Disturbance Data (HUC12s) - click here to download SE Alaska Inland Assessment of Streams Habitat Condition and Disturbance Indices (Catchments) - click here to download SE Alaska Inland Assessment of Streams Disturbance Data (Catchments) - click here to download Contiguous U.S. Inland Assessment of Streams Habitat Condition Index and Limiting Disturbances – click here to download Contiguous U.S. Inland Assessment of Streams Disturbance Data - click here to download Contiguous U.S. Inland Assessment of Streams Buffer Polygons - click here to download Contiguous...
303(d) list - A list established by the Environmental Protection Agency of impaired waters based on total maximum daily loads of pollution under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act Alkalinity – the capacity of water to neutralize an acid and higher levels are found in water bodies that are exposed to limestone Anadromous – adult fish live in the sea and return to fresh water to spawn Anchialine pools - unique brackish water environments that form in lava fields near the ocean and are fed by both fresh groundwater and salty seawater Anthropogenic –environmental change caused or influenced by people, either directly or indirectly Ballast water – water carried in the hull of a ship for stability when empty and...
This ScienceBase item provides the queries and code that identifies components and organization of the 'How to Read This Report' chapter for the Inland Stream Assessment for the Conterminous United States.
A review of the four main wood energy sectors in the U.S. was conducted to explore historic trends and the impact of alternative energy prices and public policies on wood energy consumption. High oil prices have triggered the adoption of government regulation and financial incentives to promote greater use of wood energy over the last four decades. However, the amount of wood energy consumed in the U.S. industrial sector was driven mainly by the output of the pulp and paper products industry and not by energy prices or any particular public policy incentive. Residential consumption of wood energy was positively correlated with competing energy prices. Public policies seem to have had a greater impact on wood energy...
This item provides the ScienceBase query that identifies components of the fish habitat assessments within the Northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries. It also contains a link to a configuration file that pulls these pieces of information into a logical order. This information can be accessed through the ScienceBase API to display a summary of fish habitat assessment information for the Northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries.
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