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Hawaiʻi is often referred to as the endangered species capital of the world, with hundreds of species at risk. While Hawaiian forest birds have garnered attention in the global conservation community as they face imminent extinction due to climate change, climate also poses serious challenges to hundreds of other Hawaiian species. Although traditional recovery plans provide meaningful guidance to managers, it is impractical and inefficient to work across multiple individual plans for hundreds of species at risk when the species, threats, and conservation actions overlap in complex ways. Until recently, a structured approach to aid the scaling-up of such conservation efforts across multiple species was not available....
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The Hawaiian Islands are home to many people and host a rich diversity of unique plant and animal life, but they are especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change because of their small size, geographical remoteness, and exposure to threats such as sea-level rise and increased storm surge. Developing predictions of future conditions is often the first step in helping decision makers and communities plan for change. However, to date, available global climate models have been too coarse in resolution to be useful for planning in the context of small, isolated islands. This project produced very high resolution climate projections for the Hawaiian islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i, providing information on key variables...
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This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii. The water-budget components in the shapefile were computed by a water-budget model for a scenario representative of current conditions (2001-10 rainfall and 2001-10 land cover), as described in U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report (USGS SIR) 2015-5164. The model was developed for estimating groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea of the model. The model-subarea dataset, consisting of 400,714 subareas (polygons), was generated using Esri ArcGIS software by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets. Spatial datasets merged include...
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This data release contains the shapefiles of mean annual water-budget components for Guam for historic (1990‒2009) and future (2080‒2099) climate conditions. Components estimated for the 1990–2009 scenario represent an update to the historic (1961–2005) components estimated by Johnson (2012), and serve as a historic baseline for the components estimated for the future (2080–2099) climate scenario. The recharge distributions were estimated as part of a larger effort (Gingerich and others, 2019) to evaluate how one set of climate projections may impact Guam’s future groundwater resources. The recharge estimates may be used in numerical groundwater models that can evaluate the collective impacts of changes in recharge,...
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Changing climate conditions could have significant impacts on wildlife health. Shifts in temperature and precipitation may directly affect the occurrence of disease in fish and wildlife by altering their interactions with pathogens (such as the bacterium that causes Lyme disease), helping vectors like mosquitoes and ticks expand their range, or speeding up the time it takes for a parasite to develop from an egg to an adult. Climate change can also indirectly affect the health of fish and wildlife as their habitats change. For example, reduced food availability could lead to overcrowding and increased disease transmission, or warmer temperatures might increase stress levels, weakening immune systems and making animals...
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This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the island of Oahu, Hawaii for a projected future-climate condition representative of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) 2041-70 scenario climate and 2010 land cover, as described in USGS Professional Paper (PP) 1876 by Izuka and Rotzoll (2023). The water-budget components for each model subarea were computed for the future-climate condition and 2010 land cover using a water-budget model developed by Engott and others (2017). The 2010 land-cover map developed by Engott (2017) was used to define the land-cover conditions and the model...
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Alamagan Volcano is a Quaternary stratovolcano along the Mariana Arc, an active subduction zone in the western Pacific Ocean. Although primarily submerged, its peak reaches above sea level, with subaerially-exposed volcanic deposits dating back through the Holocene to the late Pleistocene. These feature data represent such deposits and other geologic features of Alamagan Volcano, describing its interpreted eruptive history.
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Alamagan Volcano is a Quaternary stratovolcano along the Mariana Arc, an active subduction zone in the western Pacific Ocean. Although primarily submerged, its peak reaches above sea level, with subaerially-exposed volcanic deposits dating back through the Holocene to the late Pleistocene. These feature data represent such deposits and other geologic features of Alamagan Volcano, describing its interpreted eruptive history.
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This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Maui, Hawaii for an average (or present-day) climate condition and 2017 land cover, as described in USGS SIR 2019-5064. The water-budget components for each model subarea were computed for a scenario representative of present-day climate conditions during 1978-2007 using a water-budget model developed by Johnson and others (2018). The 2017 land-cover map developed by Mair (2018) was used to define the land-cover conditions and the model subareas. The shapefile attribute information associated with each subarea (or polygon) present an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation,...
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This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii. The water-budget components in the shapefile were computed by a water-budget model for a scenario representative of predevelopment conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 1870 land cover), as described in USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) 2015-5164. The model was developed for estimating groundwater recharge and other water-budget components for each subarea of the model. The model-subarea dataset, consisting of 400,714 subareas (polygons), was generated using Esri ArcGIS software by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets. Spatial datasets merged include those that...
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Hawaiʻi is home to a rich diversity of native plants, about 90 percent of which are found nowhere else in the world. However, changing climate conditions may reduce the amount of suitable habitat for native plants and contribute to the spread of invasive plant species. The goal of this project was to better understand how Hawaiian native and invasive plants will respond to climate change. Scientists focused on 10 important native and five important invasive plant species, using over 35 years of data from thousands of locations in Hawai‘i to assess the plants’ preferred climate conditions and model their likely best future habitat based on climate change projections. The resulting maps and findings provide an initial...
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Hawaiʻi is known as the “endangered species capital of the world,” an unwelcomed label brought on by more than a century of habitat destruction, invasive species spread, and pollinator and seed disperser declines. Hawaiʿi is home to 400 endangered plant species, most of which are found nowhere else in the world. Conservation managers have spent decades putting enormous effort into carefully reintroducing thousands of rare plants into protected forests, but the ability of reintroduced populations to persist over the long-term is unknown, especially as climate change shifts patterns of temperature, rainfall and species interactions. Managers need more information to identify locations that will be the most suitable...
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Hawaiian forest birds play important roles in many ecological processes. For example, 61% of native flowering Hawaiian plant species are either bird pollinated or dispersed through ingestion by birds. However, native bird communities across Hawaiʻi continue to decline despite efforts to control predators and enhance habitat. These declines are, in part, due to the mosquito-borne avian pox and avian malaria. Scientific forecasts of the impact of avian disease on native bird populations under various climate change scenarios predict severe declines and species extinctions in all remaining forest habitat within the next 50 years. While little can currently be done to mitigate the effects of climate change on disease...
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Hawaiʻi’s native forest birds are known worldwide for their diversity and beauty. Unfortunately, many species are heading towards extinction because of bird malaria spread by mosquitoes introduced over a century ago. Remaining populations of these highly threatened forest birds tend to be at high elevations near the tree line on mountains, where cooler temperatures limit mosquitoes and malaria development. With rising temperatures in those upslope areas due to climate change, mosquitoes and disease are starting to be found at higher elevations. In addition to warming temperatures, increasingly dry conditions change stream flow allowing for the creation of pools that provide additional larval mosquito habitat in...
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On remote Pacific islands and outer atolls, agroforestry (i.e., the cultivation and conservation of trees for agriculture) provides food security and income to local communities. Growing instability from climate change and invasive species like the coconut rhinoceros beetle threaten these resources. Actively managing and sustaining agroforestry resources requires detailed and up-to-date knowledge of forest inventories and conditions. Project researchers will build capacity for conducting detailed agroforestry assessment and monitoring in Pacific Island nations, by using imagery collected from small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS or “drones”) and custom computer algorithms to automatically detect and monitor the...
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The Republic of Palau, a Freely Associated State of the U.S. and a global leader in ocean conservation, recently implemented the Palau National Marine Sanctuary, which closed 80% of its ocean to fishing. As offshore fish become scarcer in the domestic market, managers have begun to worry about increased harvesting pressure on already overfished nearshore environments. This pressure, in addition to stressors from land-use change, sea-level rise, and warming oceans, could threaten the food and economic security of many Palauans. However, adaptively managing stressors in an integrated way can mitigate declines and even promote recovery, while still being cost-effective, resulting in direct benefits to coastal communities....
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Map showing the locations of the 25 modeled points within the tropical Pacific Ocean used in this study.
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This dataset describes land cover and vegetation for the island of Maui, Hawaii, 2017, hereinafter the 2017 land-cover map. The 2017 land-cover map is a modified version of the 2010 land-cover map included in the geospatial dataset titled "Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Maui, Hawaii, for average climate conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover (version 2.0)" by Johnson (2017). The 2010 land-cover map was generated by intersecting (merging) multiple spatial datasets that characterize the spatial distribution of rainfall, cloud-water (or fog) interception, irrigation, reference evapotranspiration, direct runoff, soil type, and land cover. Land-cover designations in the 2010 land-cover...
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This data is for planning purposes only. LCCs are applied conservation science partnerships with two main functions. The first is to promote collaboration among their members in defining shared conservation goals. With these goals in mind, partners can identify where and how they will take action, within their own authorities and organizational priorities, to best contribute to the larger conservation effort. The second function of LCCs is to provide the science and technical expertise needed to address the shared priorities and support conservation planning at landscape scales – beyond the scope and authority of any one organization. The organizational model of the LCC Network was intentionally structured to operate...
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We depict changing eruptive features within the summit caldera of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi with rapid-response digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired since a series of caldera-filling effusive eruptions began on December 20, 2020. These eruptions follow the caldera collapse of 2018, with new lava progressively filling the approximately 1-cubic-kilometer pit that formed between May and August of that year. The majority of the provided DEMs were constructed via structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry from either helicopter or uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) overflight images, with the remainder constructed via terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) from the Halemaʻumaʻu crater rim. These data were collected...
map background search result map search result map Modeling Climate-Driven Changes to Vegetation in the Hawaiian Islands Very High Resolution Climate Projections for the Islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i Land-Cover Map for the Island of Maui, Hawaii, 2017 Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii, for current conditions, 2001-10 rainfall and 2001-10 land cover (ver. 2.0) Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii, for predevelopment conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 1870 land cover (ver. 2.0) Mean annual water-budget components for Guam for historic (1990–2009) and future (2080–2099) climate conditions Synthesizing Climate Change Impacts on Wildlife Health and Identifying Adaptation Strategies Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Maui, Hawaii, for average climate conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 2017 land cover Assessing Mosquito Populations on the Island of Hawai'i to Help Limit the Spread of Avian Diseases and Inform the Conservation of Hawaiian Forest Birds Examining How Ridge-to-Reef Governance in Palau Can Enhance Coastal Food Security in a Changing Climate Alamagan Volcano - contacts and faults Alamagan Volcano - overlay polygons Predicting and Mitigating the Threat of Avian Disease to Forest Birds at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Using High-Resolution Imagery and Artificial Intelligence to Support Climate Change Resilience in Agroforestry Across the Pacific Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 300 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui 2022 Mean annual water-budget components for Oahu, Hawaii, for future-climate conditions, CMIP5 RCP8.5 2041-70 scenario rainfall and 2010 land cover Assessing the Effects of Management Interventions and Climate Variability on Reintroduced Hawaiian Rare Plants Alamagan Volcano - overlay polygons Alamagan Volcano - contacts and faults 2022 Examining How Ridge-to-Reef Governance in Palau Can Enhance Coastal Food Security in a Changing Climate Mean annual water-budget components for Guam for historic (1990–2009) and future (2080–2099) climate conditions Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii, for current conditions, 2001-10 rainfall and 2001-10 land cover (ver. 2.0) Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Kauai, Hawaii, for predevelopment conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 1870 land cover (ver. 2.0) Mean annual water-budget components for Oahu, Hawaii, for future-climate conditions, CMIP5 RCP8.5 2041-70 scenario rainfall and 2010 land cover Assessing Mosquito Populations on the Island of Hawai'i to Help Limit the Spread of Avian Diseases and Inform the Conservation of Hawaiian Forest Birds Predicting and Mitigating the Threat of Avian Disease to Forest Birds at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Very High Resolution Climate Projections for the Islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i Modeling Climate-Driven Changes to Vegetation in the Hawaiian Islands Assessing the Effects of Management Interventions and Climate Variability on Reintroduced Hawaiian Rare Plants Using High-Resolution Imagery and Artificial Intelligence to Support Climate Change Resilience in Agroforestry Across the Pacific Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 300 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui Synthesizing Climate Change Impacts on Wildlife Health and Identifying Adaptation Strategies