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Alaska permafrost characterization: Borehole Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data collected in 2021
Geophysical measurements were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at five sites in Interior Alaska in September 2021 for the purposes of imaging permafrost structure and quantifying variations in subsurface moisture content in relation to thaw features. Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data were collected at two sites in order to determine liquid water content at depth in shallow boreholes. NMR data were collected in a 2.25 m-deep borehole at the North Star golf course adjacent to one of the ERT profiles, and in another two 1.625 m-deep boreholes adjacent to Big Trail Lake where previous NMR measurements were made in 2019 and 2020.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Bonanza Creek,
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance,
Disturbance,
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at two sites in Interior Alaska in September 2019 for the purposes of imaging permafrost structure and quantifying variations in subsurface moisture content in relation to thaw features. First, ERT data were collected at Big Trail Lake, a thermokarst lake outside of Fairbanks, Alaska, to quantify permafrost characteristics beneath the lake and across its shorelines. Three 222 m ERT survey lines were collected perpendicular to the North, East, and South shorelines, and two 110 m lines were collected parallel to the southeast and northeast shorelines. Models of electrical resistivity produced from these data revealed...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Big Trail Lake,
Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest,
Disturbance,
The USGS Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center (WY–MT WSC) completed a report (Sando and McCarthy, 2018) documenting methods for peak-flow frequency analysis following implementation of the Bulletin 17C guidelines. The methods are used to provide estimates of peak-flow quantiles for 50-, 42.9-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) for selected streamgages operated by the WY–MT WSC. This data release presents peak-flow frequency analyses for selected streamgages in and near the Milk River Basin, Montana, that were based on methods described by Sando and McCarthy (2018).
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Hydrology,
Land,
Milk River,
Milk River Basin,
Montana,
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were done northwest of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) at Edwards Air Force Base. ERT surveys were done at four locations in May through June of 2018 to refine the understanding of the bedrock-alluvial aquifer transition zone downgradient from the AFRL. The ERT technique injects direct-current electricity with known voltage and current into the earth using a series of electrodes and measures the resulting resistivity. This technique is generally limited to investigations of aquifer properties less than 100 meters below land surface. Data from other geophysical techniques co-located with the ERT data, including time-domain electromagnetics and horizontal-to-vertical...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Shapefile;
Tags: Antelope-Fremont Valleys,
Boron,
California,
California Water Science Center,
Edwards Air Force Base,
This data release contains six zipped raster files of aerial thermal infrared (TIR) images of the South Loup River, North Loup River, and Dismal River named as LowerSouthLoup_AerialTIRImage_1m_2015.zip, MiddleSouthLoup_AerialTIRImage_50cm_2015.zip, UpperSouthLoup_AerialTIRImage_30cm_2015.zip, LowerDismal_AerialTIRImage_1m_2016.zip, UpperDismal_AerialTIRImage_50cm_2015.zip, and NorthLoup_AerialTIRImage_1m_2016.zip. This data release also includes a Reconn_Temperature_Gradient_X_sections.zip file which contains three ASCII comma separated values files with stream reconnaissance data which include stream temperature, streambed temperature, and vertical hydraulic gradient. This dataset also includes a Focused_discharge_points.zip...
This data release contains output and components of the initial conterminous United States (CONUS) application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) as implemented in the National Hydrologic Model (NHM) infrastructure (Regan et al, 2018). The PRMS version 5.0.0 hydrologic simulation code was used with the accompanying parameter files in the NHM infrastructure to produce the attached output files. Model input climate drivers include climate data derived from the Daymet gridded data set version 2 (Thornton et al., 2014) with values spatially-distributed to the HRUs using the USGS Geo Data Portal (https://cida.usgs.gov/gdp/; Blodgett et al., 2011). The parameter values are maintained in the National Hydrologic...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Hydrologic processes,
Hydrology,
Mathematical modeling,
United States,
Visualization methods
This data release supports the study by Sexstone and others (2019) and contains simulation output from a hydrological modeling experiment using a specific calibration of the conterminous United States (CONUS) application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) (Hay, 2019) as implemented in the National Hydrologic Model (NHM) infrastructure (Regan and others, 2018). The by hydrologic response unit (byHRU) calibrated, baseline version of the NHM-PRMS (Hay, 2019) was used to evaluate the sensitivity of simulated runoff to the representation of snow depletion curves (SDCs) within the NHM-PRMS across the CONUS. The model experiment consisted of seven NHM-PRMS model simulations using the calibrated NHM-PRMS...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
United States,
hydrologic processes,
hydrology,
snow,
The heat-pulse flowmeter (HH) used in this testing is a KVA Model 200 system. The instrument computes groundwater vectors from heat arrival and decay in an array of four thermistors that surround a single heat source. An external compass attached to the top of the deployment system is used to orient the flowmeter in the borehole. The HH measured groundwater velocity and flow in the x-y plane. Fuzzy packers were filled with 0.08-inch diameter glass beads for all tests. The HH thermistors were centered over the simulated fracture during measurements. One to four measurements were made with the HH for each simulated flow.
The colloidal borescope flowmeter (HB) used in this testing was developed by AquaVISION, Llc. The instrument employs a charge-coupled device camera, an optical magnification lens (140x), and a light-emitting diode (LED) illumination source to visually track neutrally buoyant colloids (approximately 1-5 microns) moving horizontally through the borehole. The device measured groundwater velocity and flow direction in the x-y (horizontal) plane. The HB magnetometer was checked with a compass to assure proper instrument orientation before deployment into the simulators. Borescope data were collected for each flow condition for a period of at least 30 minutes. After data collection, borescope data were inspected for anomalous...
We apply a monthly water-balance model (MWBM) to simulate components of the water balance for the period 1950-2099 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for the Contiguous United States. We use the statistically downscaled MACAv2-METDATA temperature and precipitation data from 20 General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program Phase 5 (CMIP5) as input to the water balance model. This dataset supports the USGS National Climate Change Viewer. The statistically downscaled dataset is: MACAv2-METDATA: Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs (Abatzoglou & Brown, 2012, bias corrected by METDATA, Abatzoglou, 2013) Users interested in the downscaled temperature and precipitation files are referred to...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Climatology,
Contiguous United States,
Hydrology,
MACAv2-METDATA,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Geophysical measurements and related field data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX) site in Interior Alaska from 2018 to 2020 to characterize subsurface thermal and hydrologic conditions along a permafrost thaw gradient. The APEX site is managed by the Bonanza Creek LTER (Long Term Ecological Research). In July 2018, soil temperature and moisture sensors were installed at six out of the nine instrument locations (APEX1, APEX2, APEX3, APEX4, APEX7, APEX9). Thermistors (PS103J2, US Sensor, Orange, CA, USA) were placed at depths of 5, 30, 60, 120, and 180 centimeters (cm) with three replicates. Three sites (APEX1, APEX4, APEX9) contained an additional single...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alaska,
Bonanza Creek,
Disturbance,
Fairbanks North Star,
GGGSC,
This section of the data release includes drillhole information in the format of a comma-separated value (CSV) file (2018LakePowellCoring_DrillholeInfo.csv). It is Part 1 (of four) in this data release and represents the broadest hierarchical information on the dataset including the drillhole name, location, water depth, sediments top and bottom, drillhole depth, and recovery for each coring location. Each drillhole comprises multiple cores which are outlined in “Part 2 – Core and core section information from the 2018 coring project in Lake Powell, Utah” (2018LakePowellCoring_CoreSectionInfo.csv) of this data release. Core logs and spectrophotometry data are available in “Part 3 – Multi-Sensor Core Logger and spectrophotometry...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Animas River,
Antelope Canyon,
Bears Ears National Monument,
Bullfrog,
Bullfrog Bay,
Climate change information simulated by global climate models is downscaled using statistical methods to translate spatially course regional projections to finer resolutions needed by researchers and managers to assess local climate impacts. Several statistical downscaling methods have been developed over the past fifteen years, resulting in multiple datasets derived by different methods. We apply a simple monthly water-balance model (MWBM) to demonstrate how the differences among these datasets result in disparate projections of snow loss and future changes in runoff. We apply the MWBM to six statistically downscaled datasets for 14 general circulation models (GCMs) from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program...
Categories: Data;
Types: NetCDF OPeNDAP Service;
Tags: BCCA,
BCSD,
Climatology,
Contiguous United States,
LOCA,
The USGS Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center (WY–MT WSC) completed a report (Sando and McCarthy, 2018) documenting methods for peak-flow frequency analysis following implementation of the Bulletin 17C guidelines. The methods are used to provide estimates of peak-flow quantiles for 66.7-, 50-, 42.9-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) for selected USGS streamgages. This data release presents peak-flow frequency analyses for selected streamgages in Dawson and Richland Counties, and the Powder River Basin, based on data through water year 2022, using methods described by Sando and McCarthy (2018).
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Charlie-Little Muddy,
Custer County,
Dawson County,
Land,
Little Powder,
The Santa Clara River Lakes, located along the San Andreas fault 19 miles northwest of Palmdale, California, were placed on the state’s “303(d) List” or “Impaired Water List” in 1996 for eutrophic conditions, high pH, and low dissolved oxygen. In 2016, the state adopted a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the Santa Clara River Lakes. This study focuses on the largest of the three lakes, Lake Elizabeth, which is surrounded by the unincorporated town of Elizabeth Lake, CA. The local community uses on-site wastewater treatment systems instead of a centralized sewer system, resulting in potential contamination of groundwater. In response to concerns over the quality of water...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: California,
California Water Science Center,
Electrical Resistivity Tomography,
Elizabeth Lake,
Geophysics,
These datasets represent USGS-led coastal wetland vegetation survey and mapping efforts at Metzger Marsh, part of the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge (Ohio, USA) along the coast of western Lake Erie between 1994 and 2022. Vegetation quadrat data provide percent cover estimates per sampling quadrat and overall mean percent cover (MPC) values per species by vegetation type from 1994, and 1996-2010. Vegetation mapping (a.k.a., "photointerpretation") geospatial datasets provide full site cover visualizations and feature class information by vegetation type from 1994,1996-2002, and 2022.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
Ecology,
Hydrology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Upper Ohio,
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), downhole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and manual permafrost-probe measurements were used to quantify permafrost characteristics along transects within several catchments in interior Alaska in late summer 2016 and 2017. Geophysical sites were chosen to coincide with additional soil, hydrologic, and geochemical measurements adjacent to various low-order streams and tributaries in a mix of burned and unburned watersheds in both silty and rocky environments. Data were collected in support of the Striegl-01 NASA ABoVE project, "Vulnerability of inland waters and the aquatic carbon cycle to changing permafrost and climate across boreal northwestern North America." Additional...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance,
Disturbance,
Fire,
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), downhole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and manual permafrost-probe measurements were used to quantify permafrost characteristics along transects within several catchments in interior Alaska in late summer 2016 and 2017. Geophysical sites were chosen to coincide with additional soil, hydrologic, and geochemical measurements adjacent to various low-order streams and tributaries in a mix of burned and unburned watersheds in both silty and rocky environments. Data were collected in support of the Striegl-01 NASA ABoVE project, "Vulnerability of inland waters and the aquatic carbon cycle to changing permafrost and climate across boreal northwestern North America." Additional...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance,
Disturbance,
Fire,
Alaska permafrost characterization: Borehole Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data & Models from 2019-2020
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at Big Trail Lake, a thermokarst lake outside of Fairbanks, Alaska, to quantify unfrozen water content and soil properties at select sites in and around the lake edge. In September 2019, NMR data were collected within two 2.3 m deep boreholes adjacent to the East and North perpendicular electrical resistivity survey lines. Manual permafrost-probe measurements of thaw depths were also collected. These two boreholes were logged a second time in late March 2020. Additional one-time NMR measurements of liquid water content were collected in September 2019 within the lakebed sediments (0-25 cm depth) in approximately 2.5...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Big Trail Lake,
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance,
Disturbance,
The USGS Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center (WY–MT WSC) completed a report (Sando and McCarthy, 2018) documenting methods for peak-flow frequency analysis following implementation of the Bulletin 17C guidelines. The methods are used to provide estimates of peak-flow quantiles for 66.7-, 50-, 42.9-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) for selected streamgages operated by the WY–MT WSC. This data release presents peak-flow frequency analyses for selected streamgages in and near Powell County, Montana, that were based on methods described by Sando and McCarthy (2018).
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Blackfoot,
Land,
Montana,
North America,
Powell County,
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