Skip to main content
Advanced Search

Filters: Tags: national (X) > Types: Citation (X) > Categories: Publication (X)

11 results (70ms)   

Filters
Date Range
Extensions
Contacts
Tag Types
Tag Schemes
View Results as: JSON ATOM CSV
Conclusions:Report synthesizes scientific, planning, and policy-related aspects on the importance of land conservation in areas producing water for potable uses, including watersheds and aquifers. One critical finding indicated that if there is more forest cover in a watershed, water treatment costs are lower.Thresholds/Learnings:For every 10% increase in forest cover in the source area, treatment and chemical costs decreased by about 20%, up to about 60% forest cover. Treatment costs level off when forest cover is between 70-100%.
In an earlier article the author has argued that the turbulent history of nuclear power in Britain and the USA stems from the technology itself, and has little to do with the very different institutional arrangements made for the new technology in the two countries. Nuclear plant has various features which make its planning extraordinarily difficult. Its long lead time, large unit size, capital intensity and dependence on complex infrastructure combine to ensure that mistakes are likely to be made in planning the technology and that what mistakes do occur are expensive. This article aims to expand on the earlier one in two ways; by looking at the apparent success of the French nuclear programme which seems to run...
The major part of the Netherlands consists of a low-lying river delta which is very sensitive to hydrological conditions in the North-Western part of the European continent. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt carry through this delta to the North Sea annually nearly 100 km3 of fresh water. This water originates from a drainage basin of about 185 000 km2, which is 6 times the country area. The present geography of the Netherlands has largely been shaped by this river inflow and by the sediments which are carried along. Interaction of these fluxes with North Sea hydrodynamics in a period of rising sea level has produced large lowlands, which in the past millennium have been reclaimed for agricultural, urban and industrial...
This paper reviews the current energy supply and consumption. Worldwide, there was an increase in the annual energy consumption of 5% between 1955 and 1973 and of 2.7% between 1973 and 1979, but there was a decrease of 0.2% from 1 979 to 1983. The role of oil grew from 31% to 47% of world energy consumption between 1955 and 1973 but dropped to 40.3o/0 in 1983. Despite an overall decline in energy consumption in the last few years, the consumption of electricity continues to grow. Nuclear energy has not completely recovered from the crisis of the second half of the 1970's. This is in part because of social acceptance factors and hostility to large plants. World energy problems will continue over the next 20 years....
This paper examines the attitudes and perceptions of 277 American Indians about hunting and fishing, risk, and future land use of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) in southeastern Idaho. Nearly half of our sample were Shoshone-Bannock tribal members living on the nearby Fort Hall Reservation, and half were American Indians from elsewhere in the western United States. We also interviewed an additional 44 White people. We examine the hypothesis that there are differences in environmental concerns and attitudes toward future land use at INEEL as a function of tribal affiliation (ethnicity), educational level, gender, and age. Such perceptions are important because of the existence...
There is no shortage of U.S. energy policy studies, analyses and recommendations. Each new U.S. administration' and many state govemments seek to develop their own energy policy approach, and yet over time, it seems as if little progress actually is made toward achieving stated energy policy objectives. As an example, consider the following conclusions from a key report. Throughout this decade, oil will remain the single most important commercial fuel, while such other primary and secondary energy sources as natural gas, coal, nuclear power, electricity, and energy from renewable sources must be relied upon increasingly.
This paper introduces the special issue on Strategic Choices for Renewable Energy Investment, which is a collection of best papers presented at an international research conference held in St. Gallen (Switzerland) in February 2010. Substantial private investment is needed if public policy objectives to increase the share of renewable energy and prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change are to be achieved. The aim of this paper, and the entire special issue, is to draw scholarly attention to the processes underlying strategic choices for renewable energy investment, and how they are influenced by energy policy. We disentangle the role of risk-return perceptions, portfolio effects and path dependence in explaining...
The accuracy of hydraulic fracturing stress measurements depends strongly on an accurate interpretation of the fluid pressures recorded during the tests. However, a variety of factors can lead to indistinct instantaneous shut-in or fracture reopening pressures which contributes to uncertainties in the data interpretation. A complex hydrofrac data set from a 1.5 km deep wellbore at Moodus, Connecticut is used here to discuss an interactive system for analysis of pressure, injection rate and accumulated volume as well as the pressurization rate and stiffness of the hydraulic system at various stages of the experiment. The hydraulic fracturing data presented here require a particularly careful inspection of the pressure...
Most countries now wish to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. In this paper, Professors Häfele and Manne discuss transition away from the current situation where virtually all demands for primary energy are met by fossil fuels. Assuming that this transition is to be based upon nuclear fission, they examine the interplay between natural resource scarcities, economics costs and the assessment of alternative technologies for the production of synthetic fuels.
There is no shortage of U.S. energy policy studies, analyses and recommendations. Each new U.S. administration' and many state govemments seek to develop their own energy policy approach, and yet over time, it seems as if little progress actually is made toward achieving stated energy policy objectives. As an example, consider the following conclusions from a key report. Throughout this decade, oil will remain the single most important commercial fuel, while such other primary and secondary energy sources as natural gas, coal, nuclear power, electricity, and energy from renewable sources must be relied upon increasingly.
Economic instruments for environmental protection feature in textbooks for their superior performance in terms of effectiveness and both static and dynamic efficiency, especially in cases characterized by a large number of polluters with large differences in abatement cost. These instruments are thus pre-eminently suited to be included in climate change policies. However, this proves to be very difficult as yet. The projects under this research sub-theme share a common interest in the complexities of implementing various types of economic instruments. The first project deals with the design of a European system of tradable emission rights. The second project is on the feasibility of ecological tax reform, with special...