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This release presents volcanic gas monitoring data from periodic surveys and temporary instrument deployments at Newberry Volcano, Oregon. Measurements of plume-gas and ambient air compositions were obtained using single-gas industrial hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensors and with multi-GAS (multiple Gas Analyzer System; Aiuppa et al., 2005; Shinohara, 2005; Lewicki et al., 2017) instruments that measure water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and H2S abundances. Discrete multi-GAS surveys were completed in 2017 at East Lake hot springs and Paulina hot springs. In response to reports of anomalous degassing in the summer of 2020 more extensive discrete multi-GAS surveys were completed around Newberry...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geochemistry,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology
The 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption and accompanying summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, comprised one of the most impactful events on the volcano in the past 200 years, with hundreds of homes destroyed and major changes in the topography of the summit caldera. The opening stages of this eruptive sequence started on 30 April, when a magmatic dike began moving east from Puʻuʻōʻō, a cone with a central crater that was the vent region for Kīlauea’s 35-year middle East Rift Zone eruption starting in 1983. The rapid migration of magma from beneath Puʻuʻōʻō caused its crater floor to drop over 300 m. This data release includes a three-dimensional model of Puʻuʻōʻō and the collapse crater, constructed...
During 2018, Kīlauea Volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, had a large effusive eruption (~1 cubic kilometer of lava) on the lower East Rift Zone that caused widespread destruction (Neal and others, 2019; Dietterich and others, 2021). This lower flank eruption was accompanied by one of the largest collapses of the summit caldera in two hundred years, with portions of the caldera floor subsiding more than 500 m (Anderson and others, 2019; Neal and others, 2019). On July 25, 2019, approximately one year after the summit collapse sequence, a small pond of water was first observed in the deepest portion of the collapse pit, within Halemaʻumaʻu crater (Nadeau and others, 2020). The water level rose gradually over the...
This data release contains results of model simulations of a plume at Kilauea volcano that occurred on 20 December 2020. The ash-poor plume was produced when lava flowed into a water lake at the summit of Kilauea volcano. Simulations were conducted to constrain the conditions under which the plume rose to its observed height. The analysis and results are described in the accompanying paper: Cahalan RC, Mastin L, Van Eaton A, Hurwitz S, Smith AB, Dufek J, Solovitz SA, Patrick M, Schmith J, Parcheta C, Thelen W, Downs DT (2023 (in press)) Dynamics of the December 2020 ash-poor plume formed by lava-water interaction at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Kilauea volcano,
Kilauea volcano,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
biota,
Database for the Geologic Map of the Bonanza Caldera Area, Northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado
The San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado have long been recognized as a site of exceptionally voluminous mid-Tertiary volcanism, including at least 24 major ignimbrite sheets (each 150-5,000 km3) and associated caldera structures active at 33-23 Ma. More recent volcanologic and petrologic studies in the San Juan region have focused mainly on several ignimbrite-caldera systems: the southeastern area (Platoro complex), western calderas (Uncompahgre-Silverton-Lake City), the central cluster (La Garita-Creede calderas). The northeast San Juan region that was far less studied until recently occupies a transition between earlier volcanism in central Colorado and the larger-volume younger ignimbrite-caldera foci...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Bonanza,
Colorado,
North America,
Saguache,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Aerial photography surveys during and after the 2018 eruption of Veniaminof Volcano, Alaska were conducted to track the evolution of the lava flow field, active volcanic vent, and glacial ice loss from the eruption. Imagery from two surveys was processed with structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetric methods to derive the digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthophotos in this data release. The datasets cover the active volcanic cone and intracaldera ice cap, which both show significant topographic and groundcover change between surveys, and relative to previous topographic reference data, due to the 2018 eruption and variable snow and ice cover. A syn-eruption survey on September 26, 2018 was conducted by the...
Types: GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Raster;
Tags: Alaska,
Glaciology,
Mount Veniaminof,
Remote Sensing,
Volcanology,
Mineral compositions are reported for Quaternary volcanic rocks of the Matan volcanic center, northern Harrat Rahat, Saudi Arabia. Compositions were measured by wavelength-dispersive methods with the 5-spectrometer JEOL-8900 electron microprobe at the USGS facility in Menlo Park, California; background-corrected X-ray intensities were reduced to oxide weight concentrations with the JEOL proprietary version of the CITZAF reduction schema. These results are part of a collaborative study by the U.S. Geological Survey and Saudi Geological survey to assess the volcanic and seismic hazards associated with the northern Harrat Rahat volcanic field.
Tiltmeter data from borehole tilt stations UWE and SDH from January 1 to December 31, 2020, spanning a Kīlauea summit intrusion and summit eruption that began on December 20, 2020. These data were collected in 2020 by Andria P Ellis and Ingrid A Johanson of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. The authors thank Sarah Conway for conducting the nearly monthly clock resets for these tiltmeters in 2020.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geophysics,
Remote Sensing,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
field inventory and monitoring,
La Soufrière Volcano is a 1,220 m high stratovolcano that occupies the northern half of the island of St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles, Eastern Caribbean. It has a long history of explosive and sometimes devastating eruptions. Beginning in December 2020 and ending in April 2021, La Soufrière Volcano produced a Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI) 4 eruption that greatly impacted the landscape, communities, and infrastructure on the island of St. Vincent. The eruption produced intense ash plumes, heavy ashfall, and pyroclastic flows down several river valleys. During and following the eruption, destructive lahars (volcanic mudflows) impacted rivers valleys and coastal communities for months. The USGS-USAID Volcano Disaster...
Sulphur Banks, near the summit of Kīlauea Volcano on the Island of Hawai`i, is a thermal area where volcanic gases and steam are discharged. A research well drilled in the 1920s at Sulphur Banks (Allen, 1922) has developed into a “fumarole” that has been used for gas sampling over the years (e.g., Friedman and Reimer, 1987; Hilton and McMurtry, 1997; Shinohara and others, 1999), but has not been subject to periodic monitoring. Following the 2018 Kilauea eruption, draining of the lava lake, and cessation of activity at the summit (Neal and others, 2019), Sulphur Banks represents a continuing window into the outgassing dynamics at Kīlauea’s summit. Gas samples were collected at Sulphur Banks periodically since March...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Geochemistry,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology
A database of geologic map of Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster as described in the original abstract: The geologic map represents part of a late Quaternary volcanic field within which scores of eruptions have taken place over the last 50,000 years, some as recently as ~1,500 years ago. No rocks of early Pleistocene (or greater) age crop out within the map area, although volcanic and derivative sedimentary rocks of Miocene and Pliocene age are widespread to the east and west and are certainly buried beneath the younger volcanic field. Of the 145 volcanic map units described herein, only 22 are certainly older than late Pleistocene (>126 ka), and 12 are postglacial (<15 ka). The oldest unit identified yields an age...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Andesite,
Basalt,
Basaltic andesite,
Bend, Oregon,
Dacite,
The youngest and largest island in the State of Hawaii—the Island of Hawai‘i—is formed by five volcanoes, three of which have erupted within recent geologic history: Mauna Loa, Kīlauea, and Hualālai. This data release provides a chronology for activity and impacts at Mauna Loa, Kīlauea, and Hualālai over approximately the past two and a half centuries. This data release includes a word document, “HI_volcanoes_chronology_description,” that describes the data compilation process and provides simple summary tables of eruptive activity and maps. A CSV file contains the compiled eruption chronology data for all volcanoes—"HI_volcanoes_chronology_data”—references for which are provided in a separate CSV file titled “HI_volcanoes_chronology_references.”...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Hualalai,
Kilauea Crater,
Mauna Loa,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
This digital publication contains all the geologic map information used to publish U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Map Series SIM-3143 (Sherrod and others, 2021). This geologic map shows the distribution and stratigraphic relation of volcanic, intrusive, and sedimentary units emplaced in the past 8 million years across the eight principal islands of the Hawaiian archipelago, State of Hawaii, U.S.A. This geologic map database is accompanied by a report, which includes the formatted geologic map and explanatory pamphlet, available at https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3143. The authors ask that users of the geologic map database cite both the report and the database: Report: Sherrod, D.R., Sinton, J.M.,...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS Map Package,
ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Hana,
Hawaii,
Honolulu,
Kahoolawe,
Kauai County,
This data release contains digital GIS files digitized from 'Geologic map of Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming' by L.J.P. Muffler, D.E. White, A.H. Truesdell, and R.O. Fournier, Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1373.
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS Map Package,
ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Geyser,
Hot spring,
Hydrothermal Deposits,
Lower Geyser Basin,
Spring,
Tiltmeter data from station Jonika Flow (JKA) used in the publication "Pre-existing ground cracks as lava flow pathways at Kīlauea in 2014" by Tim R. Orr, Edward W. Llewellin, Kyle R. Anderson, and Matthew R. Patrick. These data were collected in 2014 by Asta Miklius of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.
Following the 2018 collapses of the caldera floor at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano (Anderson and others, 2019; Neal and others, 2019), the enlarged and deepened depression hosted a variety of volcanic activity between 2019 and 2022. These events included an unprecedented water lake and two prolonged episodes of lava lake activity. This data release includes images from a stationary thermal camera poised on the western caldera rim, with the camera providing a continuous record of the summit changes over this period. The thermal images provide an excellent observational record of the activity owing to the ability to see through thick volcanic fume, and the clarity with which they highlight active portions of the...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: HI,
Halemaumau,
Hawaii,
Hawaii County 2,
Kilauea Volcano,
These data are microgravity measurements collected at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Data are collected using multiple instruments, with each file representing measurements from a specific instrument during a specific time period. The data dictionary explains the file format and contents, and the dataset will be updated as new measurements are collected.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geophysics,
Hawaii County 2,
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
The Long Valley Caldera in eastern California formed about 760,000 years ago following the eruption of ~600 km3 of high-silica rhyolite. The Long Valley volcanic-hydrothermal system contains sufficient heat to support the Casa Diablo binary geothermal power plant sited on the margin of the resurgent dome. Present day volcanic activity is evidenced by periods of seismicity and deformation and the presence of magmatic volatiles in thermal fluids. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) uses a variety of techniques to monitor the volcanic system that underlies the Long Valley Caldera. Monitoring data include measurements of seismicity and deformation and chemical analyses of thermal waters and gases that are emitted at...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geochemistry,
Long Valley,
Long Valley caldera,
Mammoth Lakes,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
The lateral blast, debris avalanche, and lahars of the May 18th, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, dramatically altered the surrounding landscape. Lava domes were extruded during the subsequent eruptive periods of 1980-1986 and 2004-2008. During 2017, U.S. Forest Service contracted the acquisitions of airborne lidar surveys of Mount St. Helens and upper North Fork Toutle River basin, part of a larger 2017-2018 survey of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. The U.S. Geological Survey combined and reprojected 81 raster datasets, provided by the U.S. Forest Service in October 2018, into a single digital elevation model (DEM) of the ground surface, including beneath forest cover (that is, 'bare earth')....
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: ALS,
Cascade Range,
Cowlitz County,
DEM,
Ecology,
This Data Release contains continuous gravity records from two instruments on Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: the HOVL gravimeter, located on the east rim of Halemaʻumaʻu Crater directly above the 2008-2018 summit eruptive vent, and the PUOC gravimeter, located on northern rim of Puʻu ʻŌʻō crater on Kīlauea’s East Rift Zone. Both instruments were collocated with GNSS stations. The HOVL gravimeter was installed in 2010 and operated until 2018, when it was destroyed by summit collapse. The PUOC gravimeter was installed in 2013 and operated until 2018, when it was removed following the cessation of eruptive activity at Puʻu ʻŌʻō. Although both gravimeters have data gaps of varying lengths owing to equipment outages, the...
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