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All plant species were identified down to finest taxa when possible. Each plant code used in the survey data is paired to a plant code on this species list which provides the full scientific name of each species, the plant family the species belongs to, the native or non-native status of species, and the life history of the plant. Plant nomenclature follows: Baldwin B.G., D.H. Goldman, D.J. Keil, R. Patterson, T.J. Rosatti, and D.H. Wilken, editors. 2012. The Jepson Manual: vascular plants of California. Second edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA.
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Angeles National Forest,
Cleveland National Forest,
Los Padres National Forest,
San Bernardino National Forest,
chaparral,
Physical site characteristics including aspect, elevation, and slope were recorded for each study plot and spatial coordinates were obtained from a global positioning system. Stand height was determined by averaging the heights of the first live woody individual encountered along each 10 m subplot in mechanically masticated plots as well as in the adjacent controls. Unfortunately height data was not collected from postfire plots in the prior study. The age of the stand prior to each mechanical disturbance was obtained from stem samples collected from the first two obligate seeding individuals encountered within controls and ranged from seven to sixty-four years across all mechanically masticated fuel treatments....
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Angeles National Forest,
Cleveland National Forest,
Los Padres National Forest,
San Bernardino National Forest,
chaparral,
This dataset contains data pertaining to ground surface cover in 30 meter plots around a random selection of points within chaparral from Santa Barbara county south to San Diego County in southern California, USA. These data were obtained from historical aerial imagery from 1943 to 1959 and current imagery from 2016 to 2018 and they were compared to quantify changes in cover type over time. These data support the following publication: Syphard, A.D., Brennan, T.J., Rustigian‐Romsos, H. and Keeley, J.E., 2022. Fire‐driven vegetation type conversion in southern California. Ecological Applications, p.e2626. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2626.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Botany,
Forestry,
Land Use Change,
Remote Sensing,
Southern California,
This dataset contains data pertaining to ground surface cover in a 30 meter radius around a random selection of points within San Diego County, California. These data were obtained from aerial imagery for the years 1953 and 2016 and were used to assess changes in cover type over time. These data support the following publication: Syphard, A.D., Brennan, T.J. and Keeley, J.E., 2019. Extent and drivers of vegetation type conversion in Southern California chaparral. Ecosphere, 10(7), p.e02796.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Chaparral,
San Diego County,
San Diego County,
Southern California,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Abstract (from Ecological Society of America): Large, severe fires are becoming more frequent in many forest types across the western United States and have resulted in tree mortality across tens of thousands of hectares. Conifer regeneration in these areas is limited because seeds must travel long distances to reach the interior of large burned patches and establishment is jeopardized by increasingly hot and dry conditions. To better inform postfire management in low elevation forests of California, USA, we collected 5‐year postfire recovery data from 1,234 study plots in 19 wildfires that burned from 2004–2012 and 18 years of seed production data from 216 seed fall traps (1999–2017). We used this data in conjunction...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
This release consists of data collected from 26 plots in two national parks over a 19-year period. The data consists of plot-level seed counts for three genera, number of seed traps, live tree basal area, plot area, and climate metrics from the gridmet gridded data set, the daymet gridded data set, the PRISM gridded data set, and two nearby COOP stations.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: California,
Holocene,
Sequoia-Kings National Park,
Terrestrial surface,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Ecosystems are dynamic systems with complex responses to environmental variation. In response to pervasive stressors of changing climate and disturbance regimes, many ecosystems are realigning rapidly across spatial scales, in many cases moving outside of their observed historical range of variation into alternative ecological states. In some cases, these new states are transitory and represent successional stages that may ultimately revert to the pre-disturbance condition; in other cases, alternative states are persistent and potentially self-reinforcing, especially under conditions of altered climate, disturbance regimes, and influences of non-native species. These reorganized states may appear novel, but reorganization...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Accurate, complete fuels data are critical for making fuel management decisions and for predicting fire behavior and fire effects. A fuel photo series is a useful reference that allows natural resource managers to quickly quantify fuel and vegetation properties by comparing on site conditions to a series of photos showing a range of calculated fuel loads within a similar vegetative community. While there are photo series available for a wide range of ecosystem types nationwide, this type of information is lacking for natural and mechanically treated chaparral. The most likely reason for this information gap is the difficulty in collecting and photographing fuels in these dense fuel types. The attached PDF document...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Chaparral,
Southern California,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
fuel loads,
mechanical treatment
This dataset contains demographic data pertaining to Hesperocyparis forbesii on Otay Mountain in San Diego County, California, USA, over a 14-year study period from 2004 to 2017 following the 2003 Otay/Mine Fire. Site variables including elevation, incline, and slope were collected as well as pre-fire tree density and stand age for 16 study site locations. Tree density, height, and cone production was then monitored over the study period with data collection occurring in 2004, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2014, and 2017. These data support the following publication: Brennan, T.J. & Keeley, J.E., 2019, Postfire population dynamics of a fire-dependent cypress, Plant Ecology, 220(6): 605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-019-00939-8
Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool (POSCRPT) R package (and web version) predicts the probability of post-fire conifer regeneration for fire data supplied by the user. The predictive model was fit using presence/absence data collected five years after wildfire, from 1,234 4.4m radius plots (60m2), spanning 19 wildfires in California. Please refer to Stewart et al. (2020) for more details. The poscrptR tool is designed to simplify the process of predicting post-fire conifer regeneration under different precipitation and seed production scenarios. The app was designed to use Rapid Assessment of Vegetative Condition (RAVG) data inputs. The RAVG website has both RdNBR and fire perimeter data sets...
The sampling design at each of the 149 mechanically masticated fuel treatment study sites consisted of a 10 x 100 m plot established within the treated area at the random point generated in ArcGIS and an adjacent 10 x 100 m control plot placed one meter inside the edge of untreated vegetation to avoid edge affects. Each study plot was further subdivided into 10 100-m2 subplots with a nested 1-m2 quadrat placed along the top edge of the measurement tape. Postfire study sites consisted of a 20 x 50 m plot that was equal in area to a fuel treatment study plot and was also further subdivided into 10 100-m2 subplots with a nested 1-m2 quadrat placed along the outer top and bottom edges of the plot. Cover and density...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Angeles National Forest,
Cleveland National Forest,
Los Padres National Forest,
San Bernardino National Forest,
chaparral,
Large, severe fires are becoming more frequent in many forest types across the western United States and have resulted in tree mortality across tens of thousands of hectares. Conifer regeneration in these areas is limited because seeds must travel long distances to reach the interior of large burned patches and establishment is jeopardized by increasingly hot and dry conditions. To better inform postfire management in low elevation forests of California, USA, we collected 5‐yr postfire recovery data from 1,234 study plots in 19 wildfires that burned from 2004–2012 and 18 yrs of seed production data from 216 seed fall traps (1999–2017). We used these data in conjunction with spatially extensive climate, topography,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Abstract Ecological factors favoring either resprouting or obligate seeding in plants have received considerable attention recently. Three ecological models have been proposed to explain patterns of these two life history types. In this study we test these three models using data from California chaparral. We take an innovative approach to testing these models by not testing community or landscape patterns, but instead, investigating environmental patterns characteristic of pairs of either resprouting or obligate seeding subspecies of Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae), a dominant and diverse shrub genus in chaparral. Four species were investigated that contain both a resprouting and an obligate seeding subspecies. Data...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Baja California,
California,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
disturbance,
regeneration,
This dataset contains data pertaining to vegetation type, woody versus herbaceous versus non-vegetated, for a random selection of points within the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area of Southern California. These data were obtained from aerial imagery for the years 1947, 1977, 1995, 2005, and 2014 and were used to determine changes in cover type over time. These data support the following publication: Syphard, A.D., Brennan, T.J. and Keeley, J.E., 2018. Drivers of chaparral type conversion to herbaceous vegetation in coastal Southern California. Diversity and Distributions. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12827
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Land Use Change,
Remote Sensing,
Southern California Coastal,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
biota,
Populations of the chaparral shrub were sampled in southern California and further north in Monterey and Santa Clara counties and it was discovered that postfire regeneration modes were different. The southern California populations had substantial resprouting with some seedling recruitment. The Monterey populations had no resprouting ability and recovery was entirely by seedlings. However, there is an age effect in that when young these northern California populations fail to recruit seedlings due to lack of a seed bank buildup in the short interval since the last fire. These populations likely will be extirpated. I hypothesize that this obligate seeding mode has been selected for because seed reproduction is more...
Abstract Background Forest and nonforest ecosystems of the western United States are experiencing major transformations in response to land-use change, climate warming, and their interactive effects with wildland fire. Some ecosystems are transitioning to persistent alternative types, hereafter called “vegetation type conversion” (VTC). VTC is one of the most pressing management issues in the southwestern US, yet current strategies to intervene and address change often use trial-and-error approaches devised after the fact. To better understand how to manage VTC, we gathered managers, scientists, and practitioners from across the southwestern US to collect their experiences with VTC challenges, management responses,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service
Mechanical fuel treatments are a primary pre-fire strategy for potentially mitigating the threat of wildland fire, yet there is limited information on how they impact shrubland ecosystems. This publication contains data related to vegetation structure and composition in mechanically masticated chaparral communities used to assess the impact of these fuel treatments on shrubland vegetation and to determine the extent to which they emulate postfire succession. Data were collected from within chaparral dominated communities on the Angeles, Cleveland, Los Padres, and San Bernardino national forests of southern California. The climate of the region is Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers and the...
Types: Citation;
Tags: Angeles National Forest,
Botany,
Cleveland National Forest,
Forestry,
Los Padres National Forest,
These data support poscrptR (Wright et al. 2021). poscrptR is a shiny app that predicts the probability of post-fire conifer regeneration for fire data supplied by the user. The predictive model was fit using presence/absence data collected in 4.4m radius plots (60 square meters). Please refer to Stewart et al. (2020) for more details concerning field data collection, the model fitting process, and limitations. Learn more about shiny apps at https://shiny.rstudio.com. The app is designed to simplify the process of predicting post-fire conifer regeneration under different precipitation and seed production scenarios. The app requires the user to upload two input data sets: 1. a raster of Relativized differenced Normalized...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Botany,
California,
Forestry,
Oregon,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
This dataset contains data pertaining to chaparral vegetation dieback based on the difference or change in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) prior to and 6 years into an extensive drought before the 2017 Thomas and 2018 Woolsey Fires in southern California. The difference in mean NDVI is provided for 9322 study plots as are values for a number of physical and climatological variables and burn severity following the two fires. These data support the following publication: Keeley, J.E., Brennan-Kane, T.J., and Syphard, A.D., 2022. The effects of prolonged drought on vegetation dieback and megafires in southern California chaparral. Ecosphere, 13(8), e4203. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4203.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Chaparral,
Climatology,
Ecology,
Environmental Health,
Remote Sensing,
Reproduction is a key component of ecological resilience in forest ecosystems, so understanding how seed production is influenced by extreme drought is key to understanding forest recovery trajectories. If trees respond to mortality-inducing drought by preferentially allocating resources for reproduction, the recovery of the stand to pre-drought conditions may be enhanced accordingly. We used a 20-year annual seed capture data set to investigate whether seed production by three tree genera commonly found in the Sierra Nevada (Abies, Pinus, and Calocedrus) was correlated with variation in local weather, which included an extreme drought spanning multiple years. We tested whether average seed production differed during...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
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