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Although a major effort has been made to understand the hydrodynamics of surface waters, less effort has been devoted to the study of transport mechanisms and to the development and validation of computational models for simulating the transport of dissolved and suspended materials. Recent progress in hydrodynamics has created additional opportunities for advances in surface- water transport. It may be possible to develop and validate more physically correct descriptions of transport processes in terms of flow characteristics than have been previously available. Microscale processes must be expressed at the macroscale level by algorithms which can be validated in computational models using laboratory and field data....
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Russian olive and tamarisk are two invasive species that have established along the Green River. These two species are poor riparian plants and are outcompeting the native vegetation. Native vegetation is well suited to stabilize stream banks and capture sediment, thereby improving water quality. Currently the Wyoming Game and Fish Department has funded the Teton Science School to conduct an assessment from Fontenelle Dam to the southern end of Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), and the City of Green River is treating Russian olive and Tamarisk on their properties. There is a need to complete an assessment from the southern boundary of Seedskadee NWR to Flaming Gorge Reservoir, initiate control measures...
Heterogeneous geologic material affects ground-water flow and transport on all scales. On the local scale, changes in hydraulic and geochemical properties can occur over distances on the order of centimeters. On the intermediate scale, the heterogeneity of intra-aquifer depositional layers in unconsolidated material and fractures in consolidated material influences the pathways of ground-water movement. On a regional scale, the heterogeneities due to a really extensive aquifers and confining units affect the flow system in a system wide manner that influences both the boundaries of the system and the generalized pathways of fluid movement in the system. An assessment of the importance of heterogeneity at all scales...
This project will develop a flexible geographic information system (GIS)-based database (GIS-Hydroads) that can be integrated with a regional hydrologic model developed at the University of Washington (UW) to aid in decision making related to road infrastructure (initially culverts) associated with flooding risks under climate change. GIS-Hydroads will be designed in a modular fashion in collaboration with the National Park Service (and the US Forest Service), and be expandable with future technical capabilities and transferable throughout the western US. Proof-of-concept applications of GIS-Hydroads will be presented in a representative basin along the west slope of the North Cascade mountains of Washington, where...
This project involves the preparation of the climate chapters for the National Park Service (NPS) Natural Resources Condition Assessment (NRCA) for Mount Rainier National Park (MORA) and North Cascades National Park Complex (NOCA), and provides resources for the University of Washington (UW) Climate Impacts Group to analyze additional NPS and other weather station or snow course data and compare them to existing long term stations in the Historical Climate Network and the more dispersed cooperative weather network. These networks form the observations underlying spatial interpolation with historical climate data and downscaling of future global climate model projections, so putting these stations in the context...
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Description of Work In 2014-15 the U.S. Geological Survey and State University of New York at Fredonia characterized the quantity and morphology of floating microplastics in 29 Great Lakes tributaries in 6 states under different hydrologic conditions, wastewater effluent contributions, land uses, and seasons. Tributaries were sampled four times each, during high-flow and low-flow conditions. Samples were collected from the upper 20-30cm of the stream using a 0.33mm mesh neuston net. Microplastic particles were sorted by size, counted, and categorized as fibers/lines, pellets/beads, foams, films, and fragments. References 1. R. C. Thompson et al., Lost at Sea: Where Is All the Plastic? Science. 304, 838 (2004)....
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Ongoing energy development in the northern Green River structural basin necessitates information about groundwater resources that supply water to the basin’s wells. Many human activities in that area, including pumping water from the aquifers for agricultural, domestic, and industrial use, and penetration of the heterogeneous (that is, complex intertonguing of layers) aquifers (see Bartos and others, 2015) during deeper drilling for natural gas, have the potential to impact the aquifer system that supplies water to most wells in the area. We initiated this study in FY2012 as “A Retrospective Assessment of Groundwater Occurrence in the Normally Pressured Lance Formation and a Field Reconnaissance of Existing Water...
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Background information. The original Canterbury Tunnel began as an idea in 1922 as a way to remove excess water in the mines that honeycomb the mountains near Leadville, Colorado. The objective of reducing the volume of water in these mines was to increase the opportunity for ore extraction. The project’s original plans were never fully realized because of technological limitations and increasingly dangerous conditions that confronted workers, and so the 4,000-foot-long Canterbury Tunnel sat dormant until the early 1960s. Historically, Leadville relied on the nearby Big Evans Reservoir as the primary source of municipal water. The reservoir’s elevation of 10,200 feet above sea level has been particularly problematic...
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Wetlands occur along gradients of hydrologic and ecological connectivity and isolation, even within wetland types (e.g., forested, emergent marshes) and functional classes (e.g., ephemeral systems, permanent systems, etc.). Within a given watershed, the relative positions of wetlands and open-waters along these gradients influence the type and magnitude of their chemical, physical, and biological effects on down-gradient waters. In addition, the ways in which wetlands connect to the broader hydrological landscape, and the effects of such connectivity on down-gradient waters, depends largely upon climate, geology, and relief, the heterogeneity of which expands with increasing scale. Developing an understanding of...
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Partners and stakeholders of the WLCI have expressed the need to access descriptive information and locations of (1) "on-the-ground" habitat conservation projects managed by the WLCI Coordination Team and (2) science projects being conducted by USGS and other science-agency partners. In response to this need, WLCI project information is documented in the Clearinghouse and available on the WLCI Web site (www.wlci.gov). The Clearinghouse provides an interactive map environment enabling users to click on geospatially referenced points, view project information, link to additional resources (including data), and use search and filter capabilities to constrain the information returned. Project information is entered...
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There is an immediate need for effective and safe tools to prevent the spread of planktonic larval dreissenids (quagga Dreissena rostriformis bugensis and zebra mussels D. polymorpha) and to rehabilitate and protect native unionid habitats by controlling existing dreissenid mussel populations in and around the Great Lakes. More than half of the 78 native unionid species in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio are listed as endangered, threatened, or of special concern. Although the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) considers zebra mussels to be an immediate threat to freshwater unionids in the Upper Mississippi River System, there is no effective tool to control established zebra...
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Description of Work USGS is creating forecasting tools for managers to determine how water withdrawals or other hydrologic or land use changes in watersheds may affect Great Lakes ecosystems. This project is determining fish distributions in Great Lakes tributaries and how changes in stream flow may affect them. This information will help guide restoration efforts to achieve maximum effectiveness and success. Estimates were produced using WATER - a TOPMODEL based tool that estimates streamflow at any point along the stream network. The pour point is selected using a point-and-click GUI that samples information about the basin using a geodatabase of topographic and soil data spatial layers.
Energy and other forms of development can have significant effects on ranching and farming communities. Jobes (1987) characterizes these communities as small, isolated, stable, interdependent, and independent of outsiders, and argues that energy development can devastate such communities because the informal institutions that hold them together (for example, community meetings) are disrupted and replaced by formal institutions. Many people may begin to feel like outsiders in their own communities as the population grows and changes rapidly. This causes some people to feel less satisfaction with their lives and move away. The lack of current research on how energy development affects ranching communities provides...
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This task focuses on least tern use of natural, restored, and newly created habitats under the Emergent Sandbar Habitat program on the Gavins Point reach. It is designed to fully integrate with a concurrent study of piping plover productivity and foraging ecology for the same river reach. The goal of this task is to provide information on the breeding population and success of least terns and a rigorous scientific evaluation of the value of restored and created sandbar habitat for meeting productivity goals for interior least terns. [see Narratives for more information.]
Categories: Project
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In the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetland plant, invertebrate, and waterbird productivity are primarily driven by water-level dynamics in response to climate cycles. Large proportions of wetlands in the PPR have been drained, often consolidating water from smaller to larger-interconnected wetlands. This project will examine whether large basins that receive inflow from consolidation drainage have reduced water-level dynamics in response to climate cycles than those in undrained landscapes, resulting in relatively stable wetlands that have lower densities of invertebrate forage for ducks and shorebirds. We will also include a sample of wetland historically used by piping plovers to assess the threat of consolidation...
Categories: Project
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In 1997, chronic wasting disease (CWD) was discovered in a captive elk herd occupying lands adjacent to Wind Cave National Park (WICA). In 2000, WICA became the first National Park outside the endemic area of Colorado and Wyoming to confirm the presence of CWD in a wild elk. Prior to 1997, elk numbers at WICA were controlled by periodically translocating excess animals to other sites. Termination of the control program in 1997 to prevent the spread of CWD is likely to result in high elk densities, with undesirable consequences for other park resources, relations with neighboring landowners, and the incidence and spread of CWD. Due to anticipated effects of growing elk populations at WICA and Theodore Roosevelt National...
Categories: Project
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Description of Work USGS employees worked with Chinese scientists to acquire and translate existing Chinese science on development. Then, bighead and silver carps were spawned and the eggs and larvae reared in the laboratory, with close control on temperature and very close observation of the different developmental stages. Multiple spawning events of each species were necessary to understand variability in developmental rate. Preserved voucher specimens and microscope photography were taken of all developmental stages. Relevance & Impact These data were first used to model the spawning locations of Asian carps in the Missouri River. They were later used in the development of the more advanced FluEgg model, which...
map background search result map search result map Green River Russian Olive - Tamarisk Microplastics in Great Lakes Tributaries California Gulch NRDAR Canterbury Tunnel Restoration Green River Russian Olive - Tamarisk California Gulch NRDAR Canterbury Tunnel Restoration Microplastics in Great Lakes Tributaries