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Filters Date Range Past year (8) Past month (0) Past week (0) Past day (0) Custom range... To   Search Types Map Service (13) OGC WFS Layer (13) OGC WMS Layer (13) OGC WMS Service (13) Downloadable (4) Data (2) Raster (2) Contacts Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase Gabriel B Senay Core Science Systems Matthew P Schauer More... Categories Data (7) Data Release - Revised (1) Tag Types Place (15) Theme (11) Subject (8) USGS Scientific Topic Keyword (15) Harvest Set (17) Label (1) Tag Schemes None (3) ISO 19115 Topic Category (5) Common geographic areas (1) https://www.sciencebase.gov/vocab/category/item/bedi/discoveryCapabilities (1) USGS (2) USGS Thesaurus (3) https://www.sciencebase.gov/vocab/category/USGSOrg/CoreScienceSystems (1) Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) (1) View Results as: JSON ATOM CSV

Seasonal Blue Water Evapotranspiration 1986 – 2020 for the Croplands in the High Plains Aquifer Region Estimation of irrigation water use provides essential information for the management and conservation of agricultural water resources. The blue water evapotranspiration (BWET) raster dataset at 30-meter resolution is created to estimate agricultural irrigation water consumption. The dataset contains seasonal total (1 May to 30 September) BWET time series (1986 – 2020) for the croplands across the U.S. High Plains aquifer region. The BWET estimates are generated by integrating an energy-balance ET model (Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance model) and a water-balance ET model (Vegetation ET model). BWET in croplands reflects crop consumptive use of irrigation water extracted from surface water and groundwater... Tags: Colorado, High Plains aquifer, Hydrology, Kansas, Nebraska, All tags... New Mexico, Oklahoma, Remote Sensing, South Dakota, Texas, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Resources, Wyoming, blue water, evapotranspiration, irrigation, remote sensing, water use, Fewer tags Global gray-sky dT: the inverse of the surface psychrometric constant parameter in the SSEBop evapotranspiration model The surface psychrometric constant (spc) is a key model parameter in actual evapotranspiration modeling using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model for establishing model boundary limits for the dry/bare and wet/vegetated surface conditions. The inverse of the constant (1/spc) represents the temperature difference (dT) between the bare/dry surface and the air temperature at the canopy level. The main output of the SSEBop model is an ET fraction (0-1) and, when combined with reference (“maximum”) ET, produces an actual ET estimate from satellite-observed land surface temperature. This dT is determined using net radiation inputs under gray-sky radiations from the ERA-5 datasets, i.e., Surface... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: ET modeling, Global, Hydrology, Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... input parameter for SSEBop model, net radiation, psychrometric constant, Fewer tags Global reference evapotranspiration for food-security monitoring (ver. 2.1, April 2024) The data are a long-term (1980-present), daily reanalysis of reference evapotranspiration, covering the globe at a spatial resolution of 0.625° Longitude x 0.5° Latitude. Reference evapotranspiration is a measure of evaporative demand, or the "thirst of the atmosphere", basically how much moisture from the surface could evaporate into overpassing air, assuming (i) that enough water is available to evaporate and (ii) the surface is covered with a specific reference crop that completely shades the ground (some other conditions also apply). For this dataset, reference evapotranspiration is derived from the daily implementation of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration equation (Monteith, 1965) as codified... Categories: Data, Data Release - Revised; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service, Raster; Tags: Climatology, Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Resources, climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, All tags... food-security, geoscientificInformation, global, long-term daily product, reference evapotranspiration, Fewer tags Vegetation and Water Monitoring Datasets for selected locations in the Republic of the Marshall Islands from 2017-2022 The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a sovereign Small Island State in the tropical central North Pacific Ocean. RMI is a nation of more than thirty atolls and islands, most of which are inhabited, dispersed across an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) over 2 million square kilometers. This data release contains raster datasets for vegetation and water monitoring including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Landscape Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (L-WRSI), and Soil Moisture Index (SMI) for selected locations and precipitation (dekadal (10-day) sum) for the entire RMI from 2017-2022. These data were compiled to support a 2022-2023 U.S. Geological Survey project for developing methods to apply... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Ailinglaplap Atoll, Ebon Atoll, Geography, Hydrology, Land Use Change, All tags... Mejit Island, Mili Atoll, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Remote Sensing, Republic of Marshall Islands, Soil moisture index, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Vegetation health, Water Requirement Satisfaction Index, Water Resources, Water use, Wotho Atoll, Wotje Atoll, precipitation (atmospheric), Fewer tags Modeling accumulated surface runoff and water availability for aquifer storage and recovery in the MENA region from 1984-2015 The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the most water-scarce region with only two percent of the global average annual rainfall, hence underground aquifers are the major source of water. The need to improve water productivity and increase aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is driving the efforts for this acceleration of aquifer storage and recovery project. The objective was to model runoff in the study area using multi-source satellite data and identify regions of runoff retention and recharge. Daily runoff is simulated using a saturation excess principle with the VegET model (Senay 2008). It is a spatially explicit (500m grid cell), one-dimensional root-zone water balance model that is driven by precipitation,... Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service, Raster; Tags: Jordan, Land Use Change, Lebanon, MENA, NDVI, All tags... Runoff analysis tool, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), accumulated (“routed”) average annual surface runoff, evapotranspiration, geoscientificInformation, inlandWaters, precipitation, remote sensing, surface runoff, Fewer tags Monthly Satellite-Estimated Precipitation Reports for the Republic of the Marshall Islands (ver. 2.0, February 2024) The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a nation of more than thirty low-lying atolls and islands, most of which are inhabited, dispersed across an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) over 770,000 square miles in the tropical central North Pacific Ocean. Monitoring environmental conditions for potential drought risk is challenging in such a dispersed Island nation, and current drought hazard products provide generalities regarding conditions on a broad geographic scale. A team of USGS scientists and managers of natural resources and natural hazards in the RMI used IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM) satellite estimates of precipitation to develop content and a template for timely monthly reporting... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Ailinglaplap Atoll, Ailuk Atoll, Arno Atoll, Aur Atoll, Ebon Atoll, All tags... Enewetak Atoll, IMERG, Jabat Island, Jaluit Atoll, Kili Island, Kwajalein Atoll, Lae Atoll, Lib Island, Likiep Atoll, Majuro Atoll, Maloelap Atoll, Mejit Island, Mili Atoll, Namdrik Atoll, Namu Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Ujae Atoll, Utirik Atoll, Wotho Atoll, Wotje Atoll, precipitation, rainfall index, Fewer tags Satellite precipitation estimates for selected locations in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (ver. 2.0, February 2024) The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a sovereign Small Island State in the tropical central North Pacific Ocean. RMI is a nation of more than thirty atolls and islands, most of which are inhabited, dispersed across an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) over 2 million square kilometers. This data release contains files of daily precipitation estimates beginning in 2001 for 23 inhabited sites in the RMI derived from Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG; https://gpm.nasa.gov/data/imerg). The files contain either "Late IMERG" data or "Final IMERG" data and are in millimeter per day. These data were compiled to support a 2022-2023 U.S. Geological Survey project to develop methods to apply Earth Observation... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Ailinglaplap Atoll, Ailuk Atoll, Arno Atoll, Aur Atoll, Ebon Atoll, All tags... Enewetak Atoll, Hydrology, IMERG, Jabat Island, Jaluit Atoll, Kili Island, Kwajalein Atoll, Lae Atoll, Land Use Change, Lib Island, Likiep Atoll, Majuro Atoll, Maloelap Atoll, Mejit Island, Mili Atoll, Namdrik Atoll, Namu Atoll, Remote Sensing, Republic of Marshall Islands, Republic of Marshall Islands, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Ujae Atoll, Utirik Atoll, Water Resources, Wotho Atoll, Wotje Atoll, daily, geoscientificInformation, oceans, precipitation, Fewer tags Assessing the impact of irrigation curtailment using Landsat satellite data: A case study in the Upper Klamath Lake basin The associated geotiff rasters represents the total actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from June through September for the years 2004, 2006, 2008-2010, and 2013-2016 for the entire Klamath Basin in southern Oregon. The ETa was created using Landsat imagery and the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model to estimate actual ET and the Python scripts to complete that process is also provided. Additionally, the June-September average (mean) ETa for the "base years" of 2004, 2006, 2008-2010 and ETa Anomaly (deviation from the base years average mean) for each year between 2013-2016 is provided. Text files of SSEBop daily actual ET along with actual ET from Ameriflux eddy co-variance flux tower sites... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Land Use Change, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Upper Klamath Lake, environment, geoscientificInformation, All tags... irrigation, water use, Fewer tags Hydrologic gridded runoff and routed discharge data for Africa from 2000-2021 This dataset, VegDischarge v1, represents a significant contribution to the understanding of hydrological dynamics across Africa from 2000 to 2021. It encompasses high-resolution (1km x 1km) monthly raster data of deep drainage, surface runoff, and total runoff, derived from the VegET (VegetationEvapoTranspiration) hydrological model (Senay et al., 2023). Additionally, routed discharge data (Mizukami et al., 2021) for over 63,000 river segments is provided, employing different routing algorithms (DW, KW, KWT, MC, and IRF) to demonstrate variability in river discharge patterns. This comprehensive dataset is stored in NetCDF and Shapefile formats, offering valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers... Categories: Data; Types: Data, Downloadable, Map Service, NetCDF OPeNDAP Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service, Shapefile; Tags: Africa, Hydrology, Land Use Change, Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... VegET model, VegHydro Model, deep drainage, discharge, geoscientificInformation, inlandWaters, raster data, routed discharge data, runoff, surface runoff, Fewer tags VegET v2.0 illustrative products and evaluation The agro-hydrologic VegET (VegetationEvapotranspiration) model uses a water balance approach to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R). We enhanced the model to include snow accumulation and melt processes along with the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage and implemented the code using cloud technology. This publication is providing the supporting data for the updated methods and provides evaluation results for the United States and the Greater Horn of Africa. Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable; Tags: CONUS, Evapotranspiration, Greater Horn of Africa, Hydrology, Land Use Change, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), VegET Model, Water Resources, drought monitoring, land surface phenology, modeling, remote sensing, runoff, snow, soil moisture, water budget, Fewer tags Operational Global Actual Evapotranspiration using the SSEBop model The data presented here are in support of the evaluation efforts of the satellite-based actual Evapotranspiration (ETa) using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model. The ETa data is currently used by the U.S. Geological Survey Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) to produce and post multitemporal ETa and ETa anomalies online on a regular basis for drought monitoring and early warning purposes and are freely available for download at https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/. Categories: Data; Tags: Actual Evapotranspiration, Land Use Change, MODIS, Remote Sensing, SSEBop model, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), drought monitoring, farming, inlandWaters, remote sensing, Fewer tags Actual Evapotranspiration at Landsat scale for CONUS from 2010-2019 The estimation and mapping of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is an active area of applied research in the fields of agriculture and water resources. Thermal remote sensing-based methods, using coarse resolution satellites, have been successful at estimating ETa over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and other regions of the world. In this study, we present CONUS-wide ETa from Landsat thermal imagery-using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform. Over 150,000 Landsat satellite images were used to produce 10 years of annual ETa (2010-2019). The accuracy assessment of the SSEBop results included point-based evaluation using monthly... Types: Data, GeoTIFF, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Conterminous United States (CONUS), Google Earth Engine, Hydrology, Land Use Change, Landsat, All tags... Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), basin analysis, eddy covariance, evapotranspiration, remote sensing, water balance, Fewer tags Forcing and Normalizing Operation (FANO) method for the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) ET model We developed an improved approach to the parameterization of the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model using the Forcing and Normalizing Operation (FANO). The FANO parameterization was implemented on two computing platforms using Landsat and gridded meteorological datasets: 1) Google Earth Engine (GEE) and 2) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center Science Processing Architecture (ESPA). Evaluation was conducted by comparing modeled actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimates with AmeriFlux Eddy Covariance (EC) and water balance ETa from level-8 Hydrologic Unit Code sub-basins in the conterminous United States for five water-years (Oct-Sep; 2009, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2018). The results... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CONUS, Consumptive Use, Evapotranspiration, Hydrology, Landsat, All tags... Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Resources, Water Use, Fewer tags Soil properties dataset in the United States The dataset consists of three raster GeoTIFF files describing the following soil properties in the US: available water capacity, field capacity, and soil porosity. The input data were obtained from the gridded National Soil Survey Geographic (gNATSGO) Database and the Gridded Soil Survey Geographic (gSSURGO) Database with Soil Data Development tools provided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service. The soil characteristics derived from the databases were Available Water Capacity (AWC), Water Content (one-third bar) (WC), and Bulk Density (one-third bar) (BD) aggregated as weighted average values in the upper 1 m of soil. AWC and WC layers were converted to mm/m to express respectively available water capacity... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Land Use Change, Soil Sciences, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Veg ET model, Water Resources, All tags... agriculture, available water capacity, field capacity, gNATSGO, porosity, remote sensing, soil moisture, soil physical properties, water use, water use, Fewer tags High Resolution Daily Global Alfalfa-Reference Potential Evapotranspiration Climatology Global alfalfa-reference potential evapotranspiration (ETr) is a key model parameter in actual evapotranspiration (ETa) modeling for worldwide applications. This dataset was constructed for use with the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model as a key driver of the final ETa magnitude. SSEBop is a parametric energy balance-based model that determines actual ET as the product of two independent estimates: 1) the SSEBop modeled ET fraction (ETf), an index nominally varying between 0 and 1 and derived from observed Landsat surface temperature using satellite psychrometry, and 2) the potential ET (maximum) under environmental conditions for an alfalfa crop (in millimeters). As SSEBop ETf can now... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Climatology, ET modeling, Global, Hydrology, Reference Evapotranspiration, All tags... Remote Sensing, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Resources, evaporation, input parameter for SSEBop model, potential evapotranspiration, transpiration, Fewer tags Long-term (1986–2015) Crop Water Use Characterization over the Upper Rio Grande Basin using Landsat-based Evapotranspiration Evaluation of historical water use in the Upper Rio Grande Basin (URGB) using Landsat-derived actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 1986 to 2015 is presented here as a first of its kind study applying satellite observations for quantifying long term, basin-wide crop consumptive use at a large basin. The rich archive of Landsat imagery combined with the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model was used to estimate and map ETa across the basin and over irrigated fields for historical characterization of water use dynamics. Monthly ETa estimates were evaluated using six eddy covariance (EC) flux towers showing strong correspondence (R2 > 0.80), with reasonable error rates (root mean square error... Tags: Evapotranspiration, Land Use Change, Landsat, Remote Sensing, Remote Sensing, All tags... SSEBop ET, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Upper Rio Grande Basin, Upper Rio Grande Basin, Water Resources, consumptive water use, Fewer tags Bias estimation for seven precipitation datasets for the eastern MENA region Information on the spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall is critical for addressing water-related disasters, especially in the Middle East and North Africa's (MENA) arid to semi-arid regions. However, the availability of reliable rainfall datasets for most river basins is limited. In this study, we utilized observations from satellite-based rainfall data, in situ rain gauge observations, and rainfall climatology to determine the most suitable precipitation dataset in the MENA region. First, we evaluated seven different rainfall products (CPC, GPCC, TRMM, PERSIANN, RFE, CHIRPS, MSWEP) using rain gauge observations obtained from Jordan (139 stations), Palestine (9 stations), and Lebanon (16 stations). The validation... Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Jordan, Lebanon, MENA, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), bias estimation, All tags... evaluation, none, precipitation, Fewer tags