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Long-term monitoring data of geomorphic, hydrological, and biological characteristics of landscapes. This information provides an effective means of relating observed change to possible causes of the change. Identification of changes in basin characteristics, especially in arid areas where the response to altered climate or land use is generally rapid and readily apparent, might provide the initial direct indications that factors such as global warming and cultural impacts have affected the environment. The Vigil Network provides an opportunity for earth and life scientists to participate in a systematic monitoring effort to detect landscape changes over time, and to relate such changes to possible causes. This...
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A series of simple linear regression models were developed for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage at Rice Creek below Highway 8 in Mounds View, Minnesota (USGS station number 05288580). The simple linear regression models were calibrated using streamflow data to estimate suspended-sediment (total, fines, and sands) and bedload. Data were collected during water years 2010, 2011, 2014, 2018, and 2019. The estimates from the simple linear regressions were used to calculate loads for water years 2010 through 2019. The calibrated simple linear regression models were used to improve understanding of sediment transport processes and increase accuracy of estimating sediment and loads for Rice Creek. Two multidimensional...
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This topobathymetric digital elevation model (TBDEM) mosaic represents the topography and bathymetry for the Milwaukee River Estuary in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and adjacent terrestrial and Lake Michigan nearshore coastal areas. The TBDEM was produced in support of modeling and for developing a physical habitat framework to help with understanding the effects from multidirectional currents and seiche effects associated with the mixing of river flows with Lake Michigan backwater. The TBDEM mosaic is built off existing terrestrial, nearshore, and estuary frameworks developed for other areas around the Great Lakes and the Milwaukee River Harbor. Ranging from 2008-2015, land elevations derived from lidar and historic topographic...
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This dataset describes water-quantity and -quality data measured from the parking lot influent and underdrain and overflow effluent from the permeable asphalt, concrete and paver test plots in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Data include precipitation statistics, volumes, and concentrations and loads of total and dissolved forms of solids, nutrients, chloride, and bacteria. Samples were collected in August 2014 through September 2016. These data are interpreted in a USGS Scientific Investigations Report.
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), identified the occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water and bottom sediment collected in 2013 at 57 sites throughout the Great Lakes Basin. The 2013 effort is part of a long-term study that began in 2010. Included in this directory are references to or descriptions of analytical methods used, collection methods, environmental data, and associated quality-assurance data for samples collected in 2013. Samples were collected from April through October 2013 by USGS, USFWS, and/or EPA personnel. Study sites include tributaries to the Great Lakes...
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This USGS data release presents historic shorelines of Lake Superior near Odanah, Wisconsin encompassing the delta complex of the Bad River from 1852 to 2013 compiled in a Geographic Information System. The coverage of the shorelines starts approximately 8 km northeast of Ashland and extends for about 40 km to approximately 3 km east of the Bad River mouth. The shorelines were derived from land survey maps, topographic maps (USGS), and aerial photographs. The data set includes 10 shorelines for the years 1852, 1934, 1939, 1953, 1963, 1979, 1986, 1992, 1999, and 2013. Detail in the initial years of the shorelines (1852, 1934) may appear to be coarser having been hand drawn. Following 1939, all the shorelines were...
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This data set includes new and historical sediment data collected at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage on the Nemadji River near South Superior, Wisconsin (station number 04024430) from 1973 through 2016. The data were used in a comparison study of stream sediment collection and laboratory techniques for characterizing suspended sediment, bedload, and total sediment loads. Data results included in this data release include 1) suspended-sediment concentration data collected in 2015-16 using U.S. Geological Survey and Wisconsin and Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) methods; 2) streambed material particle size, measured bedload, total sediment loads, and model archive for the modified Einstein...
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The Fox River network, which includes Apple Creek, contributes a significant amount of total phosphorus (P), including both sediment-bound P (sed-P) and dissolved reactive P (DRP, also known as orthophosphate) and suspended sediment to Green Bay/Lake Michigan. Most headwater streams of the Fox River are predominantly agricultural in land use, interspersed with rural communities and the industrialized Fox River Valley corridor. Implementation of best management practices on agricultural operations has worked to limit the amount of material that is carried to the stream from cropland. However, several studies have shown streambank erosion to be another source of suspended sediment in these streams. These files contain...
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This data release contains datasets developed for the purpose of training and applying random forest models to the Mississippi Embayment Regional Study Area. The random forest models are designed to predict total stream flow and baseflow as a function of a combination of watershed characteristics and monthly weather data. These datasets are associated with a report (SIR 2022-5079) and code contained in a USGS GitLab repository. The GitLab repository (https://code.usgs.gov/map/maprandomforest/) contains much more information about how these data may be used to supply predictions of stream flow and baseflow.
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This section of the data release supports the data used in models for the associated publication. The U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Wisconsin – Green Bay collected hydrologic and water-quality data to assess the effectiveness of agricultural conservation management practice (CMP) implementation at Mainstem Plum Creek (USGS site ID: 04084911) and West Plum Creek (USGS site ID: 04084927) in northeastern Wisconsin. Monitoring data from 2010–2020 at Mainstem Plum and 2013–2020 at West Plum were used to detect changes in hydrologic and water-quality responses during runoff events. Runoff events were defined by hydrographers and used to compute event loads and event flow-weighted mean concentrations of...
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This dataset describes the storm event mean concentrations and loads of total and dissolved forms of phosphorus and nitrogen from paired samples collected in the control and test catchment during the calibration and treatment phase of a leaf removal study in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Samples were collected in spring 2013 through fall 2015 and are parsed by season where spring represents April – May, summer represents June – September and fall represents October – November. Measured weather parameters for each sampled storm event are also described. These data are interpreted in a journal article published in Science of the Total Environment.
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The U.S. Geological Survey, Voyageurs National Park, South Dakota State University, and Missouri Department of Conservation conducted a cooperative study to measure ratios of strontium to calcium (Sr:Ca) in cross sections of pectoral fin rays obtained from lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured in lakes and rivers of Namakan Reservoir in Minnesota and Ontario. We measured Sr:Ca ratios in cross sections of 37 pectoral fin rays collected from 10 locations (5 rivers and 5 lakes) in Namakan Reservoir as part of a larger study to investigate whether relations between Sr:Ca in water and pectoral fin rays were significant and useful for determining migratory histories of lake sturgeon in Namakan Reservoir. Pectoral...
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Four digital water-surface profile maps for a 14-mile reach of the Mississippi River near Prairie Island in Welch, Minnesota from the confluence of the St. Croix River at Prescott, Wisconsin to upstream of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Lock and Dam No. 3 in Welch, Minnesota, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Prairie Island Indian Community. The water-surface profile maps depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of inundation corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage Mississippi River at Prescott, Wisconsin (USGS station number 05344500). Current conditions for estimating near-real-time areas of water inundation by use...
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A Groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool (GW-NDST) for wells in Wisconsin was developed to assist resource managers with assessing how legacy and possible future nitrate leaching rates, combined with groundwater lag times and potential denitrification, influence nitrate concentrations in wells (Juckem et al. 2024). The GW-NDST relies on several support models, including machine-learning models that require numerous GIS input files. This data release contains all GIS files required to run the GW-NDST and its machine-learning support models. The GIS files are packaged into three ZIP files (WI_County.zip, WT-ML.zip, and WI_Buff1km.zip) which are contained in this data release. Before running the GW-NDST, these ZIP...
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A histrogram-based boosted regression tree (HBRT) method was used to predict the depth to the surficial aquifer water table (in feet) throughout the State of Wisconsin. This method used a combination of discrete groundwater levels from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, continuous groundwater levels from the National Groundwater Monitoring Network, the State of Wisconsin well-construction database, and NHDPlus version 2.1-derived points. The predicted water table depth utilized the HBRT model available through Scikit-learn in Python version 3.10.10. The HBRT model can predict the surficial water table depth for any latitude and longitude for Wisconsin. A total of 48 predictor variables...
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and St. Cloud State University (SCSU), identified the occurrence of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in water and bottom sediment collected in 2014 at 65 sites throughout the Great Lakes Basin. The 2014 effort is part of a long-term study that began in 2010. Included in this directory are collection methods, references to or descriptions of analytical methods used, data for samples collected in 2014, and associated quality-assurance data. Samples were collected during the periods of April to May and August to September by USGS, USFWS, and (or) SCSU personnel. Study sites include tributaries to the Great Lakes located...
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A groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool (GW-NDST) for wells in Wisconsin was developed to assist resource managers with assessing how legacy and possible future nitrate leaching rates, combined with groundwater lag times and potential denitrification, influence nitrate concentrations in wells (Juckem et al. 2024). The GW-NDST relies on an ensemble of calibrated parameters to make nitrate predictions and to estimate the uncertainty of those predictions. This data release contains all of the calibrated parameter files required to run the tool. The files are packaged in a single ZIP file. To run the tool, the ZIP package needs to be downloaded and extracted within the pest/ies_parameter_ensembles/ subdirectory...
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This data release contains a netCDF file containing decadal estimates of nitrate leached from septic systems (kilograms per hectare per year, or kg/ha) in the state of Wisconsin from 1850 to 2010, as well as the python code and supporting files used to create the netCDF file. The netCDF file is used as an input to a Nitrate Decision Support Tool for the State of Wisconsin (GW-NDST; Juckem and others, 2024). The dataset was constructed starting with 1990 census records, which included responses about households using septic systems for waste disposal. The fraction of population using septic systems in 1990 was aggregated at the county scale and applied backward in time for each decade from 1850 to 1980. For decades...
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A series of linear regression models were developed and calibrated for the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers. The linear regression models were calibrated using acoustic and suspended-sediment concentration data collected from March through November 2016 and 2017. The estimates of suspended-sediment concentrations from the linear regression were used to calculate loads. The calibrated models were used to improve understanding of sediment transport processes and increase accuracy of estimating sediment concentrations and loads for the Lower Minnesota River, the Mississippi River, and Lake Pepin, as part of the associated report, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5165 (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185165).
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Five discrete groundwater seepage measurements were collected to make a direct measurement of the flux of water across the sediment-water interface. Change in volume/time is the volumetric rate of flow. The volumetric rate of flow was used to calculate flux velocity (distance/time), by dividing the specific area of the seepage meter (2.70-square-feet). The change in volume over the time the seepage test was conducted is the volumetric flow rate of ground water seepage. Flux velocity could be multiplied by the study area to acquire a shallow groundwater flux.
map background search result map search result map Chemicals of Emerging Concern in Water and Bottom Sediment in Great Lakes Areas of Concern, 2013—Analytical Methods, Collection Methods, Environmental Data, and Quality Assurance Chemicals of Emerging Concern in Water and Bottom Sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2014 - Analytical Methods, Collection Methods,Quality-Assurance Analyses, and Data Concentration of total and dissolved forms of phosphorus and nitrogen from the control and test catchment during the calibration and treatment phase in Madison, WI (2013 - 2015) Groundwater Seepage Measurements in Northeast Section of Bear Lake, Muskegon County, Michigan, October 2015 Storm Characteristics, Concentrations, and Loads Measured at the Permeable Pavement Research Facility, Madison, Wisconsin (2014 - 2016) Suspended-sediment concentrations, acoustic data, and linear regression models for the Lower Minnesota River, Mississippi River, and Lake Pepin, 2015-2017 Historic Lake Superior shorelines near Odanah, Wisconsin (1852 - 2013) Ratios of strontium to calcium measured in pectoral fin rays of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured in the lakes and rivers of Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota, United States and Ontario, Canada, 2007-15 Water-surface profile map files for the Mississippi River near Prairie Island, Welch, Minnesota, 2019 Selected sediment data and results from regression models, modified Einstein Procedure, and loads estimation for the Nemadji River, 1973-2016 Input data, trained model data, and model outputs for predicting streamflow and base flow for the Mississippi Embayment Regional Study Area using a random forest model Suspended sediment and bedload data, simple linear regression models, loads, elevation data, and FaSTMECH models for Rice Creek, Minnesota, 2010-2019 Topobathymetric Digital Elevation Model (TBDEM) of the Milwaukee River Estuary, Milwaukee, Wisconsin and adjacent terrestrial and Lake Michigan nearshore coastal areas The Vigil Network: long-term, broad spectrum data collected to observe landscape change in drainage basins Python-HBRT model and groundwater levels used for estimating the static, shallow water table depth for the State of Wisconsin Calculated Leached Nitrogen from Septic Systems in Wisconsin, 1850-2010 Apple Creek Rapid Geomorphic Assessment, Outagamie County, Wisconsin Data Release: Water Quality and Estimated Changes in the Plum Creek Watershed 2010-2020 GIS files required to run the Groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool for Wisconsin Parameter ensemble files required to run the Groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool for Wisconsin Suspended sediment and bedload data, simple linear regression models, loads, elevation data, and FaSTMECH models for Rice Creek, Minnesota, 2010-2019 Concentration of total and dissolved forms of phosphorus and nitrogen from the control and test catchment during the calibration and treatment phase in Madison, WI (2013 - 2015) Selected sediment data and results from regression models, modified Einstein Procedure, and loads estimation for the Nemadji River, 1973-2016 Storm Characteristics, Concentrations, and Loads Measured at the Permeable Pavement Research Facility, Madison, Wisconsin (2014 - 2016) Groundwater Seepage Measurements in Northeast Section of Bear Lake, Muskegon County, Michigan, October 2015 Data Release: Water Quality and Estimated Changes in the Plum Creek Watershed 2010-2020 Historic Lake Superior shorelines near Odanah, Wisconsin (1852 - 2013) Water-surface profile map files for the Mississippi River near Prairie Island, Welch, Minnesota, 2019 Topobathymetric Digital Elevation Model (TBDEM) of the Milwaukee River Estuary, Milwaukee, Wisconsin and adjacent terrestrial and Lake Michigan nearshore coastal areas Ratios of strontium to calcium measured in pectoral fin rays of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured in the lakes and rivers of Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota, United States and Ontario, Canada, 2007-15 Apple Creek Rapid Geomorphic Assessment, Outagamie County, Wisconsin Suspended-sediment concentrations, acoustic data, and linear regression models for the Lower Minnesota River, Mississippi River, and Lake Pepin, 2015-2017 Python-HBRT model and groundwater levels used for estimating the static, shallow water table depth for the State of Wisconsin Parameter ensemble files required to run the Groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool for Wisconsin Input data, trained model data, and model outputs for predicting streamflow and base flow for the Mississippi Embayment Regional Study Area using a random forest model GIS files required to run the Groundwater Nitrate Decision Support Tool for Wisconsin Calculated Leached Nitrogen from Septic Systems in Wisconsin, 1850-2010 Chemicals of Emerging Concern in Water and Bottom Sediment in Great Lakes Areas of Concern, 2013—Analytical Methods, Collection Methods, Environmental Data, and Quality Assurance Chemicals of Emerging Concern in Water and Bottom Sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2014 - Analytical Methods, Collection Methods,Quality-Assurance Analyses, and Data The Vigil Network: long-term, broad spectrum data collected to observe landscape change in drainage basins