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These data were compiled to assess the recovery of vegetation on reclaimed oil and gas sites. Objective(s) of our study were to assess patterns in reclamation outcomes relative to 1) soil attributes, climate, and time since 39 reclamation and 2) plant and soil reference benchmarks. These data represent observations of vegetation and soil cover from 134 reclaimed oil and gas well pads and 583 AIM reference plots. These data were collected on lands impacted by oil and gas development on the Colorado Plateau as well as Arizona and New Mexico Plateau of New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah. Data was collected from July- September of 2020 and May-September of 2021. These data were collected by Assessment Inventory and Monitoring...
Categories: Data;
Tags: AIM reference plots,
Arizona and New Mexico Plateau,
Assessment Inventory and Monitoring (AIM),
Botany,
Colorado,
Climate change predictions include warming and drying trends, which are expected to be particularly pronounced in the southwestern United States. In this region, grassland dynamics are tightly linked to available moisture, yet it has proven difficult to resolve what aspects of climate drive vegetation change. In part, this is because it is unclear how heterogeneity in soils affects plant responses to climate. Here, we combine climate and soil properties with a mechanistic soil water model to explain temporal fluctuations in perennial grass cover, quantify where and the degree to which incorporating soil water dynamics enhances our ability to understand temporal patterns, and explore the potential consequences of...
From 2011-2018 USGS biologists recorded vegetation and biological soil crust (BSC) cover by species and tracked survival of tagged individual plants (388 in total) across 40 locations where paired experimental plots had been installed in 2010. Plant cover was visually estimated using four 75 x 100 cm survey frames. Each site contained a two plots measuring 1.5 by 2.0 meteres: a control plot and a plot covered by a shelter that excluded 35% of incoming precipitation. Plots were selected to represent shallow vs. deep soils, sandstone vs. shale parent material, and dominant plant species on the Colorado Plateau around Moab, Utah. We used an information theoretic approach using generalized linear models to determine...
These data were compiled to support analysis of remote sensing data using the Disturbance Automated Reference Toolset (Nauman et al., 2017). The objective of our study was to assess results of pinyon and juniper land treatments. These data represent major soil types as defined primarily by soil texture and depth, but also geology, parent material, and geomorphology for relevant features that distinguish major ecological land units. These data were created from field soil descriptions collected in the upper Colorado River watershed mostly since 2000, but include some older data catalogued in USDS Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) databases. These soils data used in model training were collected by NRCS...
Abstract The distribution of rainfed agriculture, which accounts for approximately ¾ of global croplands, is expected to respond to climate change and human population growth and these responses may be especially pronounced in water limited areas. Because the environmental conditions that support rainfed agriculture are determined by climate, weather, and soil conditions that affect overall and transient water availability, predicting this response has proven difficult, especially in temperate regions that support much of the world’s agriculture. Here, we show that suitability to support rainfed agriculture in temperate dryland climates can be effectively represented by just two daily environmental variables: moist...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
These data were compiled for an assessment of rangeland ecosystem conditions of the Grand Canyon - Parashant National Monument. The approximately one-million-acre Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (PARA) is located in the northwest corner of Arizona and co-managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and National Park Service (NPS). This report is focused on the ca. 200,000 acres of NPS administered lands—one of the largest NPS units where livestock grazing is a permitted land-use activity. Many ecosystems in PARA are characterized by a low degree of resilience to improper grazing due to low and variable precipitation. PARA is marked by an extremely high degree of environmental heterogeneity, including...
This data package contains the final combined field sampling data collected by the USGS July 2013 and July-August 2015 at three active uranium mines (Canyon Rim Mine, Pinenut Mine, and Arizona 1 Mine) as well as two reference sites (Little Robinson Tank and EZ2 Pipe) in northwestern Arizona. Vegetation and soils were assessed by using line-point intersect (LPI) methods and estimates of plant species richness. In addition, triplicate tissue samples for three functional groups (graminoids, forbs, and shrubs) were collected at plots around each site to be analyzed for tissue contaminant concentrations. There are three separate shapefiles depicting A) Point locations for the mine study sites (the center of the mine...
Stakeholder science needs were determined by reviewing more than 200 recently published literature items and web pages from Colorado River Basin (CRB) stakeholders. These stakeholder communications were used to characterize over 400 stakeholder science needs by reviewing their priorities, strategies, issues, missions, and concerns related to drought in the CRB. Members of the CRB Integrated Science Pilot Project team identified each of the stakeholder’s science needs and categorized the needs based on science themes and science topics that the needs address in the landscape. The terms used as science topics were initially created by Pilot Project team members but then later were cross-walked to match terms in the...
This raster data depicts the modeled distribution of three grassland states: Biocrust, Grass-bare, and Annualized-bare. We developed models of bare ground, total vegetation, exotic grasses and biological soil crust using spectral data from three year composites of growing season (March-October) Landsat data in Google Earth Engine and field data that were collected over the same period at monitoring sites. The resulting regression models were used to characterize the spatial distribution of putative grassland ecological states across our 251,430 ha study area in and around Canyonlands National Park, UT. This model illustrates how a remote sensing approach to land-cover change can be implemented to guide dryland ecosystem...
These data were compiled to measure airborne horizontal mass flux of sediments moved by wind across soils, climates, vegetation types, and land uses on the Colorado Plateau. Objectives of our study were to quantify spatial and temporal patterns in wind erosion and further our understanding of how soil and site setting, climate, and land uses are controlling wind erosion and horizontal mass flux. These data represent seasonal cumulative horizontal mass flux as measured using passive aspirated sediment traps, Big Spring Number Eight (BSNE) samplers. These data were collected in Grand and San Juan counties, Utah, and Mesa County, Colorado, USA between August 2017 and November 2020. These data were collected by the...
The raster datasets in this release are maps of soil surface properties that were used in analyzing different approaches for digital soil mapping. They include maps of soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, and soil summed fine and very fine sand contents that were created using both 2D and 3D modeling strategies. For each property a map was created using both 2D and 3D approaches to compare the mapped results.
This data release contains a single vector shapefile and two text documents with code used to generate the data product. This vector shapefile contains the locations of 365 “plugged and abandoned” well sites from across the Colorado Plateau with their respective relative fractional vegetation cover (RFVC) values. Oil and gas pads are often developed for production, and then capped, reclaimed, and left to recover when no longer productive (collectively termed “plugged and abandoned”). Understanding the rates, controls, and degree of recovery of these reclaimed well sites (well pads) to a state similar to pre-development conditions is critical for energy development and land management decision processes. We used...
Two Saphymo AlphaE radon (Rn) detectors, with a measurement range of 0.54 picoCuries per liter of air (pCi/L) to 270 nanoCuries per liter of air (nCi/L), were deployed from October 2015 thru May 2016 in publicly accessible areas adjacent to the Pinenut uranium mine located in northern Arizona. One monitor was installed in close proximity to the mine vent and a second monitor was installed in close proximity to the ore pile. In late December 2015, a third AlphaE Rn detector was deployed adjacent to the ore-pile monitor. Measurement frequency was 3 times per hour and a time-lapse camera was installed in close proximity to the ore pile to record relative size and activity of the ore pile during mining and early reclamation....
Categories: Data;
Tags: Energy Resources,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
Grand Canyon National Park,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Maps of invasive annual grasses were created using multi-season Landsat imagery over a 12 years period (2009-2020), and validated using an extensive network of plot data. Annual maps were used to identify persistent and productive populations of invasive annual grass, called hot spots, across entire Mojave Desert ecoregion. The data provided include a 12 band raster geospatial data file (.tiff) that represents classified early season invasive (ESI) grasses for each year from 2009-2020, and a single .tiff file of ESI hot spots made using the Getis-Ord Gi* Hot Spot classification method.
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