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The Hamilton Wetland Restoration Project (HWRP) is a joint venture between the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE; San Francisco District) and the California State Coastal Conservancy. The site is located on the property of the former Hamilton Army Airfield in Novato, California, along the western edge of San Pablo Bay, which is part of northern San Francisco Bay. The initial stages of wetland restoration, which included dredged sediment reuse, took place during 2009–2011. From 2011 until April 2014, the site was maintained as partially flooded through a temporary one-way culvert that allowed bay water onto the site. On April 25th, 2014, the outboard levee towards the north-eastern corner of the site was breached...
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The Sacramento / San Joaquin River Delta (SSJRD) is contaminated with legacy mercury (Hg) from historical mining and mineral processing activities throughout the watershed, as well as from contemporary atmospheric and industrial inputs. The current project was designed for the purpose of developing high-resolution spatial and temporal models for estimating concentrations of mercury species in surface waters of the SSJRD. The field component of the project brings together three high-resolution platforms for collecting water-quality data (fixed continuous monitoring stations (CMS) outfitted with in-situ sensors, spatial mapping using boat-mounted flow-through sensors, and satellite-based remote sensing) coupled with...
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Note: This data release has been superseded by version 3.0, available here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q2YP9K. The Hamilton Wetland Restoration Project (HWRP) is a joint venture between the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE; San Francisco District) and the California State Coastal Conservancy. The site is located on the property of the former Hamilton Army Airfield in Novato, California, along the western edge of San Pablo Bay, which is part of northern San Francisco Bay. The initial stages of wetland restoration, which included dredged sediment reuse, took place during 2009–2011. From 2011 until April 2014, the site was maintained as partially flooded through a temporary one-way culvert that allowed bay water onto...
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The Cache Creek Settling Basin (CCSB) is a 13.3 km2 leveed basin located at the terminal drainage of the Cache Creek watershed, immediately NE of the town of Woodland (Yolo County), California and approximately 18 km NW of Sacramento, California. The basin was constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (completed in 1937 and modified in 1993) for the purpose of trapping suspended sediment transported from the upper Cache Creek watershed during high-flow events, thus preventing sediment from entering the Yolo Bypass, a larger downstream floodwater conveyance and agricultural zone. In addition to trapping suspended sediment, the CCSB also traps sediment-associated mercury (Hg), which is particularly elevated...
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Clear Lake, located within the Coast Range west of California’s Central Valley, is the largest natural freshwater lake contained fully within the state and geologically is considered to be the oldest lake in North America. Clear Lake is popular for recreation and provides critical habitat to a wide variety of fish and bird species. Water quality in Clear Lake is degraded by both by mercury contamination and harmful algal blooms (HABs). The mercury contamination is largely associated with the Sulfur Bank Mercury Mine (SBMM), located on the eastern shore of the Oaks Arm in the northeastern portion of the Lake. The mine was operated intermittently from the 1870s until 1957 and is now a U.S. Environmental Protection...
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Estuaries provide critical habitat for a vast array of fish and wildlife but are also a nexus for core economic activities that mobilize and concentrate contaminants that can threaten aquatic species. Selenium (Se), an essential element and potent reproductive toxin, is enriched in parts of the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) to levels known to cause toxicity, yet the risk of Se to species that inhabit the SFE is not well understood. We quantified Se concentrations in muscle, liver, and ovary of the demersal cyprinid Sacramento Splittail from six regions in the SFE at three time points (fall 2010-11, spring 2017) to evaluate Se exposure risk. Here we report fish morphological attributes, total selenium concentrations...
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This dataset includes mercury and other constituent concentration and physical properties data for surface sediment, pore water and surface water collected as part of the South San Francisco Bay Salt Pond Restoration Phase 1 (2010 to 2018) studies. The overarching focus of these studies was to monitor mercury (Hg) biogeochemistry in both sediment and water in response to management actions associated with the conversion of former salt producing ponds to contemporary wetland habitat. The two primary management actions included the breaching of Pond A6 during December 2010, and the construction and operation of an adjustable tidal control structure (TCS) associated with the Pond A5/A7/A8 Complex beginning in June...
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This dataset includes mercury and other constituent concentration and physical properties data for seven deep sediment profiles (ranging from 79 cm to 214 cm in length) collected from the thalwag of Alviso Slough, a major tributary to South San Francisco Bay (California, USA). Field sampling occurred during May 2012 (4 sites) and January 2016 (3 sites). Each profile was comprised of 1–4 core sub-sections, which were collected from adjacent boreholes with 10–18 cm of vertical overlap. This data product includes two data tables (*.csv): 1) ‘T1_ALSL_DC_Sed_Data.csv’, the deep core analytical results; 2) ‘T2_ALSL_DC_QA_Data.csv’, quality assurance data. The two image files, ‘ALSL_DC_Log_2012.pdf’ and ‘ALSL-DC_Log_2016.pdf’,...
Valley Water (formerly Santa Clara Valley Water District) provides stream stewardship, wholesale water supply, and flood protection for Santa Clara County, California, in the southern San Francisco Bay Area. A number of the reservoirs owned by the agency sit in the eastern foothills of the Santa Cruz mountains above the city of San Jose and in the watershed below the former New Almaden Mining District, which was historically the largest mercury (Hg) mining district in North America. Aquatic biota in a number of these reservoirs have elevated levels of Hg, presumably as a result of their downstream location relative to the former mining district. The form of Hg that most readily accumulates in aquatic food webs is...
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The Hells Canyon Complex (HCC) is comprised of a series of three consecutive reservoirs (Brownlee, Oxbow, and Hells Canyon) along a 145 km reach of the Snake River bordered by Idaho to the east and Oregon to the west. Due to concerns regarding mercury (Hg) contamination within the HCC, in cooperation with Idaho Power Company, the U.S. Geological Survey has been leading an investigation into the sources, transport, microbial transformations, chemical speciation and bioaccumulation of Hg in this complex river-reservoir environment. This data release is focused on the sediment component of this larger effort and includes data collected between 2014 and 2018 from shallow surface sediment (≤ top 5 cm) and from sectioned...
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Note: This data release has been superseded by version 2.0, available here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MDXR3M. The Cache Creek Settling Basin (CCSB) is a 13.3 km2 leveed basin located at the terminal drainage of the Cache Creek watershed, immediately NE of the town of Woodland (Yolo County), California and approximately 18 km NW of Sacramento, California. The basin was constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (completed in 1937 and modified in 1993) for the purpose of trapping suspended sediment transported from the upper Cache Creek watershed during high-flow events, thus preventing sediment from entering the Yolo Bypass, a larger downstream floodwater conveyance and agricultural zone. In addition to trapping...
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This dataset includes field measurements and laboratory analyses of surface water, bottom water (sediment-water interface), surficial (0-2 cm) sediment, pore water (0-2 cm), and biota collected in Lake Combie, California, from September 2017 through August 2021. The study area includes six sites within the reservoir where discrete samples of surface water, bottom water, sediment, and pore water were taken along the length of the reservoir at the following distances from the spillway: 0.07 miles, 0.5 miles, 0.9 miles, 1.2 miles, 1.3 miles, and 1.4 miles. The within-reservoir sites were sampled during September 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, prior to a large sediment removal operation, and again during September...
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Note: This data release has been superseded by version 2.0, available here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VO9WM7. The Hamilton Wetland Restoration Project (HWRP) is a joint venture between the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE; San Francisco District) and the California State Coastal Conservancy. The site is located on the property of the former Hamilton Army Airfield in Novato, California, along the western edge of San Pablo Bay, which is part of northern San Francisco Bay. The initial stages of wetland restoration, which included dredged sediment reuse, took place during 2009–2011. From 2011 until April 2014, the site was maintained as partially flooded through a temporary one-way culvert that allowed bay water onto...
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The release of elements of concern (EoC) to surface water can involve both natural and anthropogenic sources. Elevated EoC concentrations can pose a risk to human health, wildlife, and ecosystem health, with the modes of toxicity and extent of risk varying as a function of the specific element, its chemical form and the matrix with which it is associated (for example, dissolved versus particulate). As part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Mission Area (WMA) Water Quality Processes Program, the Proxies (Surrogate) Project was created, in part, to develop models that can be used to estimate the concentration of EoC in riverine surface water at spatial scales ranging from (sub)basin to multi-basin. Three...
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Mercury (Hg) is a well-known toxic element and environmental contaminant. The central valley of California has long been identified as a hotspot for Hg contamination due to the historic mining of Hg in the California coast range, and its use in the mining of gold in the Sierra Nevada, with these mountainous regions bordering the east and the west of the valley, respectively. While the whole central valley is world renowned as a major agricultural area, the northern portion, known as the Sacramento valley region, is dominated by commercial rice production. Since rice is grown in flooded fields, and since wetland soils are known to be particularly effective habitats for converting inorganic mercury into the more toxic...
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Clear Lake is a 180 km2 freshwater lake located in the California Coast Range, approximately 120 km northwest of Sacramento. The lake supports a wide variety of fish and bird species and is a very popular sport-fishing destination. However, fish consumption advisories associated with mercury (Hg) contamination exist for several popular recreational species. The lake is comprised of three main regions including a large open-water region to the northwest (North Arm), a smaller and narrower region to the southeast (South Arm), and the smallest and narrowest region to the east (Oaks Arm). The Sulfur Bank Mercury Mine (SBMM), located on the south shore of the Oaks Arm, was mined by both open-pit and underground methods...


    map background search result map search result map Shallow Sediment Geochemistry in a Mercury-Contaminated Multi-Habitat Floodplain: Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California, 2010–17 Mercury speciation and other constituent data from deep sediment cores in Alviso Slough, South San Francisco Bay, California, 2012-16 Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface sediment and water associated with the South San Francisco Bay Salt Pond Restoration, 2010-18 Surface-Water Geochemistry of Mercury, Methylmercury, Nutrients, and other Constituents in Clear Lake, Lake County, California, July 2019 Biogeochemical Data for Mercury and other Constituents in Surface Sediment and Deep Cores from the Hells Canyon Reservoir Complex, Idaho and Oregon 2014-2018 Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA High resolution and discrete temporal and spatial water-quality measurements in support of modeling mercury and methylmercury concentrations in surface waters of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta Geochemical data for water, sediment, and biota in Lake Combie, California, 2017-2021 The Measurement of Water Column Methylmercury Production Potential Rates in Four Oxygenated Reservoirs of the San Francisco Bay Watershed Shallow Sediment Geochemistry in a Mercury-Contaminated Multi-Habitat Floodplain: Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California (version 2.0, August 2021) Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA (ver. 2.0, June 2021) Geochemical Data for Mercury and Other Constituents in Redox-Manipulated Sediment Cores from Clear Lake, Lake County, California Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA (ver. 4.0, March 2023) Concentration Data for 12 Elements of Concern Used in the Development of Surrogate Models for Estimating Elemental Concentrations in Surface Water of Three Hydrologic Basins (Delaware River, Illinois River and Upper Colorado River) Mercury concentration data for soil, surface water and rice grain from six commercial rice growing fields in the Sacramento Valley of California (USA) Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA (ver. 2.0, June 2021) Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface water and bed sediment associated with the Hamilton Airfield Wetland Restoration, Novato, California. USA (ver. 4.0, March 2023) Geochemical data for water, sediment, and biota in Lake Combie, California, 2017-2021 Mercury speciation and other constituent data from deep sediment cores in Alviso Slough, South San Francisco Bay, California, 2012-16 Shallow Sediment Geochemistry in a Mercury-Contaminated Multi-Habitat Floodplain: Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California (version 2.0, August 2021) Shallow Sediment Geochemistry in a Mercury-Contaminated Multi-Habitat Floodplain: Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California, 2010–17 Mercury speciation and other constituent data for surface sediment and water associated with the South San Francisco Bay Salt Pond Restoration, 2010-18 The Measurement of Water Column Methylmercury Production Potential Rates in Four Oxygenated Reservoirs of the San Francisco Bay Watershed Surface-Water Geochemistry of Mercury, Methylmercury, Nutrients, and other Constituents in Clear Lake, Lake County, California, July 2019 Geochemical Data for Mercury and Other Constituents in Redox-Manipulated Sediment Cores from Clear Lake, Lake County, California Biogeochemical Data for Mercury and other Constituents in Surface Sediment and Deep Cores from the Hells Canyon Reservoir Complex, Idaho and Oregon 2014-2018 High resolution and discrete temporal and spatial water-quality measurements in support of modeling mercury and methylmercury concentrations in surface waters of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta Concentration Data for 12 Elements of Concern Used in the Development of Surrogate Models for Estimating Elemental Concentrations in Surface Water of Three Hydrologic Basins (Delaware River, Illinois River and Upper Colorado River)