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Groundwater Availability of the Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Background The North Atlantic Coastal Plain (NACP) covers a land area of approximately 34,000 mi 2 along the eastern seaboard of the United States from Long Island, N.Y., southward to the northern portion of North Carolina. This area is underlain by a thick wedge of sedimentary deposits that form a complex groundwater system in which the sands and gravels function as confined aquifers, and the silts and clays function as confining units. These confined aquifers of the NACP constitute a major source of water for public and domestic supply for the nearly 27 million people living in the region, as well as being important source of water for industrial and agricultural purposes. Increases in population and changes... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Cooperative Water Program, Delaware, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, All tags... GW Model, GW Model, GW model, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain, USGS New York Water Science Center, Virginia, WSC, Water Budget, Water Budget, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, Water budget, Water quality, aquifers, groundwater, hydrology, sediment, water supply, Fewer tags Emerging Methods for Detection and their Potential for Inventorying Brook Trout Populations in Streams of the Western Adirondacks Background Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in organisms that contains the biological instructions for building and maintaining them. The chemical structure of DNA is the same for all organisms, but differences exist in the order of the DNA building blocks, known as base pairs. Unique sequences provide a means to identify individual species and detect their presence within aquatic or terrestrial environments. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is nuclear or mitochondrial DNA that is shed from an organism into the environment. Sources of eDNA include feces, mucous, and gametes; shed skin; and carcasses. In aquatic environments, eDNA is diluted and distributed by currents and other hydrological processes.... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Adirondacks,Adirondack Mountains, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Completed, All tags... Cooperative Water Program, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, brook trout, Fewer tags Sentinel Monitoring for New and Legacy Pesticides in the Shallow Groundwater of Long Island Problem The shallow groundwater of Nassau and Suffolk Counties is prone to contamination from current land-use, including agricultural, residential, and recreational. The aquifer system of Long Island is highly susceptible to human-derived contamination, in particular, because the soils and underlying sediments are generally composed of sandy, permeable materials that allow contaminants to move readily from the land surface into the groundwater below. Of increasing concern are the human-derived contaminants stemming from past and present uses of pesticides. In addition to the threat of direct runoff to adjacent waterbodies, pesticide transport through the shallow aquifer from inland sources may discharge to the... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Contaminants, Emerging, Contaminants, Emerging, Contaminants, emerging, Contaminants, legacy, Cooperative Water Program, All tags... Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Long Island, Micropollutants, Micropollutants, Micropollutants, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Fewer tags Sediment Toxicity and Condition of Benthic Invertebrate Communities in the Rochester Embayment Area-of-Concern Background Heavy metals, phosphorus, and organic contaminants in water and sediments of the lower Genesee River, resulted in the designation of fourteen beneficial uses as impaired in the Rochester Embayment Area of Concern (AOC). The benthic macroinvertebrate community or “benthos” Beneficial Use Impairment (BUI) was designated as degraded in the Genesee River because the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) impairment metrics generally identified slight to moderate impacts through the 1990s and 2000s. Accumulation of “sediments on more suitable substrates” and “contaminants in sediment of the Genesee River related to past municipal and industrial waste-water treatment plant discharges... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Cooperative Water Program, Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, All tags... Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, Lake Ontario, Microbiology, New York, Sediment, Sediment, Sediment, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Fewer tags Natural Methane Occurrence in Water Wells of South-Central New York State- Evaluation of Topographic Position and Hydrogeologic Setting INTRODUCTION Naturally occurring methane has been noted at some locations in the upper Devonian shale bedrock and in overlying glacial deposits in parts of Broome, Tioga, and Chemung Counties in south-central New York State (Williams, 2010). Systematic sampling of water wells for dissolved methane is needed to determine if the topographic and hydrogeologic setting of a well is related to methane occurrence. Objective and Study Area - The objective of this study is to characterize the natural occurrence of dissolved methane gas in groundwater from water wells within four different topographic and hydrogeologic settings (upland and major valley areas where bedrock is confined or unconfined by glacial deposits).... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Broome County, Chemung County, Completed, Contaminants, Natural, Contaminants, Natural, All tags... Contaminants, natural, Cooperative Water Program, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Hydrofracking, Hydrofracking, Hydrofracking, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, New York, Tioga County, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, Water quality, methane, Fewer tags Water Quality of the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River and Tributary Streams, New York and Pennsylvania Water-quality samples were collected from the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River (UPDE) and its tributaries during the period October 1, 2005, to September 30, 2007, to document existing water quality, determine relations between land use and water quality, and identify areas of water-quality concern. A tiered water-quality monitoring framework was used, with the tiers consisting of intensively sampled sites, gradient sites representing the range of land uses present in the basin, and regional stream-survey sites. Median nitrate and total phosphorous concentrations were 1.15 and 0.01 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for three sites on the mainstem Delaware River, 1.27 and 0.009 mg/L for the East Branch Delaware... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, BiogeochemicalandHydrologicAssessment, Completed, Cooperative Water Program, All tags... Delaware River Basin, Delaware River Basin, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, New York, Pennsylvania, USGS New York Water Science Center, Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Fewer tags Water-Quality Assessments of Principal Aquifers Background A major focus of the NAWQA Program in its second decade (2002-2013) is on regional- and national-scale assessments of groundwater-quality status and trends in principal aquifers. The U.S. Geological Survey Office of Groundwater has identified 62 principal aquifers in the U.S. ( U.S. Geological Survey, 2003 ). About 1/3 of the Nation's principal aquifers are the focus of water-quality assessments at the regional scale by NAWQA. The NAWQA framework for principal aquifer assessments considers the physical setting of the aquifer, in addition to its susceptibility and vulnerability to contamination. More information (USGS Fact Sheet 2005-3013, PDF, Adobe reader is freely available to read a PDF) Publications... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Completed, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, All tags... Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, National Water Quality Assessment Program, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, aquifers, national, Fewer tags Sediment toxicity and status of benthic invertebrate communities in the St. Lawrence River and its tributaries within the Massena Area-of-Concern Background Past water-quality issues in the St. Lawrence River at Massena, NY resulted in a determination that selected beneficial uses were impaired in a surrounding Area of Concern (AOC) and on the Canadian side of the international boundary (Cornwall, Ontario). The benthic macroinvertebrate community or “benthos” Beneficial Use Impairment (BUI) was designated degraded because impairment metrics were unavailable or inconclusive. Recent sampling efforts by New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) as part of their Rotating Integrated Basin Studies (RIBS) program indicate that macroinvertebrate communities in some sections of the St. Lawrence River and its tributaries in the Massena AOC are... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Canada, Cooperative Water Program, All tags... Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Microbiology, New York, Sediment, Sediment, Sediment, St. Lawrence River, St. Regis Mohawk Tribe, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Effects of acid-base chemistry on biology of lakes and streams in the Adirondack Mountains BACKGROUND Watersheds of the Adirondack Mountains receive high levels of acid deposition resulting from atmospheric emissions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides. Acidic deposition has been shown to reduce acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and calcium (Ca) concentrations, and increase acidity and aluminum (Al) concentrations in soils and surface waters, and affect forest health as well as fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages across the region. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently developing secondary standards for nitrogen and sulfur emissions that will indirectly protect terrestrial and aquatic species and their communities from further adverse impacts and promote recovery of acidified ecosystems... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Adirondack Mountains, Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, BiogeochemicalandHydrologicAssessment, Climate Research and Development, All tags... Cooperative Water Program, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Environments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Mineral Resources, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Sentinel Monitoring of Groundwater for Contaminants of Emerging Concern to Provide Advanced Warning for Supply Wells on Long Island, New York Problem The groundwater supply of Nassau and Suffolk Counties is prone to contamination from past and current land uses, including practices related to agriculture, industry, and residential development, because the soils and underlying sediments are generally composed of sandy, permeable materials that allow contaminants to move readily from the land surface into the groundwater below. Of increasing concern are the human-derived contaminants stemming from on-site disposal of residential wastewater and industrial processes. The centralized distribution of water through purveyors to most residents provides them with a reliable source of potable water that is consistently monitored at the wellhead. However, increased... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Completed, Contaminants, Emerging, Contaminants, Emerging, Contaminants, emerging, Cooperative Water Program, All tags... Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Long Island, Nassau County, Suffolk County, Micropollutants, Micropollutants, Micropollutants, NYWSC_pfas, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Fewer tags Shallow groundwater quality in the Patchogue River basin, Suffolk County, New York Background The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Village of Patchogue and the New York Department of State, collected water-quality samples from 10 shallow wells within the village to document the effects of onsite wastewater disposal on groundwater discharging into the Patchogue River. The onsite disposal of wastewater within the Patchogue River basin - a riverine estuary that discharges into Great South Bay, Suffolk County, Long Island, NY - has adversely affected water quality and aquatic habitats within both the tidal and non-tidal portions of the river. Of particular concern are increased loads of nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and phosphorus) to the shallow groundwater system which... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Coastal Science, Coastal Science, Completed, Contaminants, Organic, Contaminants, Organic, All tags... Contaminants, organic, Cooperative Water Program, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Nearshore Environmental Health, Nearshore Environmental Health, Nearshore Environmental Health, New York, Patchogue, Suffolk County, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Wastewater, Wastewater, Wastewater, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Mercury Cycling and Bioaccumulation in the Upper Hudson River Basin--Fishing Brook BackgroundDetailed investigations of mercury cycling and bioaccumulation have been done in the Upper Hudson River basin (upstream of the Hudson River near Newcomb, in New York's Adirondack Mountains, with a focus on the Fishing Brook sub-basin, part of the western headwaters of the Hudson River. This study is part of a National mercury study that includes a concurrent study of McTier Creek, a headwater sub-basin of the Edisto River, located in South Carolina's Coastal Plain. These two study areas provide contrasting and complementary settings for the study of mercury cycling and bioaccumulation in headwater streams with close connectivity to out-of-channel wetlands. Atmospheric deposition is the dominant source... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Adirondack Mountains, Hudson River, South Carolina, Completed, Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, Ecological Assessment of Human and Natural Impacts, All tags... Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, Focused Assessments, National Water Quality Assessment Program, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Wetlands, Wetlands, methylmercury, Fewer tags