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The capacity of ecosystems to provide services such as carbon storage, clean water, and forest products is determined not only by variations in ecosystem properties across landscapes, but also by ecosystem dynamics over time. ForWarn is a system developed by the U.S. Forest Service to monitor vegetation change using satellite imagery for the continental United States. It provides near real-time change maps that are updated every eight days, and summaries of these data also provide long-term change maps from 2000 to the present. Based on the detection of change in vegetation productivity, the ForWarn system monitors the effects of disturbances such as wildfires, insects, diseases, drought, and other effects of weather,...
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WaSSI (Water Supply Stress Index) predicts how climate, land cover, and human population change may impact water availability and carbon sequestration at the watershed level (about the size of a county) across the lower 48 United States. WaSSI users can select and adjust temperature, precipitation, land cover, and water use factors to simulate change scenarios for any timeframe from 1961 through the year 2100. Simulation results are available as downloadable maps, graphs, and data files that users can apply to their unique information and project needs. WaSSI generates useful information for natural resource planners and managers who must make informed decisions about water supplies and related ecosystem services...
Knowing which ecosystem services are provided and who benefits from these services will allow resource managers, scientists, industries, and the public to explore new institutional, market, and policies to encourage protection of and investments in these resources. Objectives of this project are to 1) link the environmental and economic values of the region’s natural assets in a way that establishes a common language for resource managers, scientists, industry, local government and the public to substantively engage in landscape-level conservation planning and 2) to explore different development or management strategies and examine trade-offs to support improved and informed decision-making. A first step in determining...
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Efforts to model and predict long-term variations in climate-based on scientific understanding of climatological processes have grown rapidly in their sophistication to the point that models can be used to develop reasonable expectations of regional climate change. This is important because our ability to assess the potential consequences of a changing climate for particular ecosystems or regions depends on having realistic expectations about the kinds and severity of change to which a region may be exposed.The fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) is a collaborative climate modeling research effort coordinated by the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). This is the most recent phase...
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Information about economic activity was obtained from the National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (cohesivefire.nemac.org). Data were derived from the USDA Economic Research Service to create a county-level measure of Dominant Economic Activity (county economic dependence). This describes the most prevalent kind of economic activity, which includes activities from farming, mining, and manufacturing to government employment and the service industry. The Appalachian economy is diverse and geographically variable; for example, manufacturing is spread throughout the region, whereas mining activities are located more centrally. Data are from 2004.The mission of the USDA Economic Research Service is to inform...
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy, initiated in 2009 and finalized in 2014, provides a national vision for wildland fire management. This highly collaborative effort establishes three overarching goals, and describes stakeholder-driven processes for achieving them: (1) resilient landscapes; (2) fire-adapted communities; and (3) safe and effective wildfire response. The scientific rigor of this program was ensured with the establishment of the National Science and Analysis Team (NSAT). The main tasks of NSAT were to compile credible scientific information, data, and models to help explore national challenges and opportunities, identify a range of management options, and help set national priorities...
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The Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created by the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry in February 1995 to develop and deliver forest health technology services to field personnel in public and private organizations in support of the Forest Service’s land ethic, to “promote the sustainability of ecosystems by ensuring their health, diversity, and productivity.” This dataset shows the total basal area of all tree species as square feet per acre.For more information: http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/nidrm2012.shtml
Among a host of other critical ecosystem functions, intact riparian forests can help to reduce vulnerability of coldwater stream habitats to warming regional temperatures. Restoring and conserving these forests can therefore be an important part of regional and landscape-scale conservation plans, but managers need science and decision-support tools to help determine when these actions will be most effective. To help fill this need, we developed the Riparian Prioritization for Climate Change Resilience (RPCCR) web-based decision support tool to quickly and easily identify, based on current riparian cover and predicted vulnerability to air temperature warming, sites that are priority candidates for riparian restoration...
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Geographic relationships among energy infrastructure development, regional economic linkages, and the environment is crucial for understanding the impacts of Appalachian energy extraction activities and for regional planning efforts focused on the ecosystem services that may be affected. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) provides impartial and independent data on the nation’s energy infrastructure, its sources, flows, and end uses, as well as forecasts and outlooks. Location information for specific extraction activities, as well as power plants and other supply chain components, can help reveal the regional nature of specific impacts and the often large distances between those effects and end-use...
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This dataset provides a watershed index of surface drinking water importance, a watershed index of forest importance to surface drinking water, and a watershed index to highlight the extent to which development, fire, and insects and disease threaten forests important for surface drinking water. This symbology for this layer is based on the index value for insect and disease threat to forests which are important to surface drinking water on a range from 1-100.
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Given the rapid environmental change experienced and expected across the Appalachians, it will be crucial to understand the vulnerabilities of valued ecosystem services to drivers of large-scale change that may threaten their sustainability. The Appalachian LCC has partnered with the US Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center to assess ecosystem services, and vulnerabilities to environmental risk factors, throughout the Appalachians. Synthesizing current knowledge of the diverse benefits that people derive from functioning Appalachian ecosystems will help managers, scientists, industries, and the public to establish a common language for linking the environmental and economic values...
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy, initiated in 2009 and finalized in 2014, provides a national vision for wildland fire management. This highly collaborative effort establishes three overarching goals, and describes stakeholder-driven processes for achieving them: (1) resilient landscapes; (2) fire-adapted communities; and (3) safe and effective wildfire response. The scientific rigor of this program was ensured with the establishment of the National Science and Analysis Team (NSAT). The main tasks of NSAT were to compile credible scientific information, data, and models to help explore national challenges and opportunities, identify a range of management options, and help set national priorities...
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The Landcover Mosaic map (LCM) can be used to answer the question: What is the mixture of agricultural/urban/natural landcover types surrounding a given land parcel?Researchers at the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station have utilized the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to calculate a suite of land cover and forest fragmentation metrics at landscape scales. These datasets yield rich spatial information about urbanization, its effects on forests, and how urban areas interface and mix with rural, agricultural, and forest landscapes.The Landcover Mosaic Map (Landscape Mosaic Pattern) illustrates the mixture of agricultural, developed, and semi-natural land cover types within 15-hectare neighborhoods (about...
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Researchers at the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station have utilized the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to calculate a suite of land cover and forest fragmentation metrics at landscape scales. These datasets yield rich spatial information about urbanization, its effects on forests, and how urban areas interface and mix with rural, agricultural, and forest landscapes.The Forest Area Density (FDEN) map (Landscape Forest Density) illustrates the proportion of the landscape around a given forest area that is also forested. Areas with low forest density may be fragmented by agricultural land use and/or urban and exurban development. FDEN map is colored according to the amount of other forest in a surrounding...
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USFS Forest Inventory Analysis Through application of a nearest-neighbor imputation approach, mapped estimates of forest carbon density were developed for the contiguous United States using the annual forest inventory conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program, MODIS satellite imagery, and ancillary geospatial datasets. The U.S. has been providing national-scale estimates of forest carbon stocks and stock change to meet United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change reporting requirements for years. Although these currently are provided as national estimates by pool and year to meet greenhouse gas monitoring requirements, there is growing...
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The Forest to Faucets dataset provides a watershed index of surface drinking water importance, a watershed index of forest importance to surface drinking water, and a watershed index to highlight the extent to which development, fire, and insects and disease threaten forests important for surface drinking water. This layer displays the percent of the HUC watershed that is threatened bu insects and disease. For further information, see the methods paper titled, “From the Forest to the Faucet: Drinking Water and Forests in the US” located at http://www.fs.fed.us/ecosystemservices/FS_Efforts/forests2faucets.shtml.
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Bacterial Data include results of incubations of lakewater bacteria with dissolved organic matter extracted from Colorado glacier or rock glacier outflows in 2015. Cells were counted pre- and post- incubations. The “Counts” tab is the number of cells counted in each view of the microscope using the acridine orange method. “C Calculations” tab is the calculation of carbon as bacterial biomass from cell counts. ”Change in cell counts” is the difference in the number of bacterial cells from the pre-incubation microbial culture and in each assay bottle after the biological oxygen demand incubation. The third tab, “Carbon use efficiency” is calculated as the amount of DOM from oxygen demand assays converted to microbial...
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The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and the USDA Census of Agriculture (completed every five years, most recently in 2012) are primary sources of regionally detailed data concerning the productivity, economics, land use, and multiple other characteristics of agriculture and ranching in the United States. The county-level data on farmland irrigation provides one example of the many ways in which agriculture impacts, and is impacted by, natural resource availability and sustainability. This featured dataset is acres irrigated in farmlands, 2012. Available at: www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2012/</pre>
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This dataset provides a watershed index of surface drinking water importance, a watershed index of forest importance to surface drinking water, and a watershed index to highlight the extent to which development, fire, and insects and disease threaten forests important for surface drinking water. The results of this assessment provides information that can identify areas of interest for protecting surface drinking water quality. The spatial dataset can be incorporated into broad-scale planning, such as the State Forest Action Plans, and can be incorporated into existing decision support tools that currently lack spatial data on important areas for surface drinking water. This project also sets the groundwork for...
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In order to understand ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services, we must have a grasp on historical ranges of climate variability. Fortunately, detailed weather station data are available in the United States for thousands of locations over the last century. Moreover, sophisticated approaches have been developed for translating these measurements into unified datasets across the U.S., including climate estimates for locations that lack station data.The PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) Climate Group produces such estimates from weather station data at daily, monthly, and annual time steps, incorporating data from 1895 to the present day. PRISM methods...


map background search result map search result map US Power Plant Locations WASSI Future Change in Water Supply Stress Index 1991-2010 Total Forest Carbon Density 2000-2009 ForWarn Mean Summer National Difference Vegetation Index 2009-2013 Total Basal Area of All Tree Species 2012 U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Forest Product Production U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Percent Forest Industry Jobs U.S. Forest Service Landscape Mosaic Pattern U.S. Forest Service Landscape Forest Density US Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture Economic Profiles 2012 Ecosystem Benefits and Risks USDA Forest to Faucets Index of Insect and Disease Threat to Forests Important to Surface Drinking Water USDA Forest to Faucets Forest Importance to Drinking Water USDA Forest to Faucets Percent of HUC Threatened by Insects and Disease Dominant Economic Activity USDA Economic Research Service PRISM Average Annual Normal Precipitation 1981-2010 CMIP5 Future Average Annual Temperature 2031-2060 Laboratory Incubation results from 2015 for bacterial cell counts, carbon use efficiency, growth efficiency, and dissolved organic matter chemistry from four glacier outflows and four rock glacier outflows in Colorado USDA Forest to Faucets Index of Insect and Disease Threat to Forests Important to Surface Drinking Water USDA Forest to Faucets Forest Importance to Drinking Water USDA Forest to Faucets Percent of HUC Threatened by Insects and Disease U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Forest Product Production U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Percent Forest Industry Jobs US Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture Economic Profiles 2012 WASSI Future Change in Water Supply Stress Index 1991-2010 PRISM Average Annual Normal Precipitation 1981-2010 Dominant Economic Activity USDA Economic Research Service CMIP5 Future Average Annual Temperature 2031-2060 ForWarn Mean Summer National Difference Vegetation Index 2009-2013 Ecosystem Benefits and Risks U.S. Forest Service Landscape Mosaic Pattern U.S. Forest Service Landscape Forest Density Total Basal Area of All Tree Species 2012 Total Forest Carbon Density 2000-2009 US Power Plant Locations