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This data release consists of orthophotographs of the Snow River in Alaska acquired on September 1, 2018. The orthophotographs were produced from images obtained using a Hasselblad A6D-100C 100 megapixel digital mapping camera deployed within a pod mounted on the landing gear of a Robinson R44 helicopter. Images were acquired as the helicopter transited a series of flight lines designed to provide complete coverage, with ample overlap, of the study area along the Snow River. Also within the pod was an ATLANS GPS/Inertial Motion Unit (IMU) that recorded the position and orientation of the platform during the flight. This information was used to geo-reference the images by performing aerial triangulation and bundle...
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This data release includes field measurements of flow depth and optical image sequences acquired from the Salcha River in Alaska on July 25, 2019. These data were used to develop and test a spectrally based remote sensing technique for estimating water depth from passive optical image data. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of inferring water depths from optical image sequences acquired from a helicopter hovering above the river by averaging the images over time and then establishing a correlation between a spectral band ratio and field measurements of depth, and to develop a modular workflow for performing this type of analysis. Remote sensing of river bathymetry (depth) could provide a...
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This data release contains annual peak-flow data and PeakFQ output files for 186 selected streamflow gaging stations (streamgages) operated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the New England region (Maine, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Hampshire, and Vermont). The annual peak-flow data were obtained from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database (https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/peak) and contain annual peak flows ending in water year 2011. The annual peak flows were used in version 7.0 of USGS software PeakFQ (https://water.usgs.gov/software/PeakFQ/; Veilleux and others, 2014; Flynn and others, 2006) to conduct flood-frequency analyses using the Expected Moments...
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This data release includes field measurements of flow velocity and optical image sequences used to derive remotely sensed estimates of surface flow velocities via particle image velocimetry (PIV) from two rivers in Alaska. These data were acquired from the Salcha River on August 31, 2018, and the Tanana River on July 24, 2019. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of inferring flow velocities from optical image sequences acquired from a helicopter hovering above each river by tracking water surface features via various PIV algorithms and to develop a modular workflow for performing this type of analysis. Remote sensing of flow velocity could provide a more efficient, cost-effective alternative...
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Optimal hydrograph separation (OHS) is a two-component, hydrograph separation method that uses a two-parameter, recursive digital filter (RDF) constrained via chemical mass balance to estimate the base flow contribution to a stream or river (Rimmer and Hartman, 2014; Raffensperger et al., 2017). A recursive digital filter distinguishes between high-frequency and low-frequency discharge data within a hydrograph, where high-frequency data corresponds to quick flow or storms and low-frequency data corresponds to base flow. The two parameters within the RDF are alpha and beta, both are unitless. Alpha is defined as the recession constant and typically found through recession analysis. For the purposes of this data release...
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This data release includes field measurements and remotely sensed data from two reaches of the Buffalo National River in northern Arkansas acquired in August and September of 2021 to support research on remote sensing of benthic algae from aerial photographs and satellite images. This landing page has links to child items where each type of data can be accessed: Field measurements of water depth and percent cover of benthic algae acquired August 24-25, 2021. This ground-based data set was used to calibrate spectrally based models for inferring water depths from passive optical image data, assess the accuracy of image-derived depth estimates, and train classifications of benthic algal coverage. Digital aerial photographs...
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To suport an investigation of the feasibility of measuring river discharge using remotely sensed data acquired from an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), several types of remotely sensed data and field measurements were collected from two cross-sections on the Blue River in Colorado, just upstream of its confluence with the upper Colorado River, on October 18, 2018. This parent data release includes links to child pages for the following data sets: 1) Lidar data used for mapping channel bathymetry (depth), acquired with a novel instrument that was developed by ASTRALiTe to distinguish between returns from the water surface and riverbed based on the polarization of laser pulses. 2) Thermal image time series used to...
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This data release includes field spectra, UAS-based RGB videos, and digital orthophotography acquired from a manned fixed-wing aircraft, as well as in situ measurements of turbidity and Rhodamine WT dye concentration acquired during a tracer experiment performed on the Missouri River near Columbia, Missouri, on May 5, 2021. One of the primary goals of this tracer experiment was to assess the feasibility of inferring concentrations of a visible dye (Rhodamine WT) from various types of remotely sensed data in a large, highly turbid natural river channel. Previous research on remote sensing of tracer dye concentrations has focused on clear-flowing streams, but the Missouri River is much more turbid. As a result,...
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Field measurements of water depth were acquired from a reach of the Colorado River near Lees Ferry, Arizona, March16-18, 2021, to support research on remote sensing of water depth from satellite images. The depth measurements included in this data release were obtained along a series of cross-sections using a SonTek RiverSurveyor M9 acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) deployed from a boat. The spatial location of each measurement was obtained using a differential GPS included as part of the RiverSurveyor M9 ADCP instrument package. The map projection and datum for these data are UTM Zone 12S and WGS84, respectively. The USGS Qrev software program was used to ingest and process the raw ADCP data. The Qrev data...
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This metadata record describes the observed and estimated hydrologic metrics for the 1980 to 2019 period for U.S. Geological Survey streamgage locations across the Conterminous United States. The datasets are arranged in four files: (1) CONUS_Observed_Estimated_HMs_Annual_Monthly.csv, (2) CONUS_Bootstrap_Validations_for_Models.csv, (3) CONUS_Streamflow_Gages_for_Models.csv, and (4) Data_Dictionary_Flow_Metrics.csv. The CONUS_Observed_Estimated_HMs_Annual_Monthly.csv file contains the following six attributes: (1) the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage identification number, (2) calendar year, (3) observed hydrologic metric, (4) estimated hydrologic metric, (5) hydrologic metric abbreviation, and (6) aggregated level...
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This data release contains annual peak-flow data through the 2013 water year, specification and output files from flood-frequency analysis of the annual peak-flow data in USGS PeakFQ software, a GIS shapefile of the basin polygons with attributes of site information, basin characteristics, results of flood-frequency analysis, and results of B-WLS/B-GLS analysis of skewness of the annual peak flows from 183 streamflow gaging stations (streamgages) operated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in parts of hydrologic unit 02 in eastern New York and Pennsylvania and the surrounding states of Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia. Also included is a comma-separated values...
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There is a growing interest in incorporating higher-resolution groundwater modeling within the framework of large-scale land surface models (LSMs), including new processes such as three- dimensional flow, variable soil saturation, and surface water/groundwater interactions. Conversely, complex groundwater models (e.g., the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater-Flow Model, MODFLOW) often use simpler representations of land surface dynamics (e.g., surface vegetation, evapotranspiration, recharge) and may benefit from higher process fidelity and temporal resolutions in these inputs. This study investigates the potential of improving groundwater representation in LSMs and land surface dynamics in MODFLOW through coupling...
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This data release includes videos acquired from a helicopter and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River near Nenana, Alaska, obtained on July 24, 2019. This parent data release includes links to child pages for two data sets produced during the study: 1. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River, Alaska, collected on July 24, 2019. 2. Videos of the Tanana River, Alaska, acquired from a helicopter on July 24, 2019. Please refer to the individual child pages for further detail about each data set. Overall, these data were used to assess the potential to estimate surface flow velocities and water depths in sediment-laden...
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This data release includes a video acquired from a satellite and field measurements of flow velocity from the Tanana River in Alaska that were used to derive remotely sensed estimates of surface flow velocities via particle image velocimetry (PIV). The field data were collected on July 24, 2019, in cooperation with the USGS Alaska Science Center, and the satellite video was obtained on July 14, 2020. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of inferring flow velocities from video acquired from a satellite in orbit above the river by tracking water surface features via a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) algorithm. Remote sensing of flow velocity could provide a more efficient, cost-effective alternative...
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Aerial photographs of the Yampa and Little Snake Rivers acquired in 1954 and 1961 were used to examine channel changes occurring along these two rivers during this time period. In addition, these data were used to develop and test a generalizable new approach to characterizing the uncertainty associated with analyses of channel change based on time series of remotely sensed data, which we term the Spatially Distributed Probabilistic (SDP) method. This technique accounts for errors introduced during: 1) image co-registration and geo-referencing; 2) interpreting the location of the channel boundary; and 3) digitizing the channel boundary. The method provides a probability distribution of channel locations and can...
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This data release includes various data sets used to quantify the capacity of two rivers, the Merced and Tuolumne, in the Sierra Nevada of California for reintroduction of two species of anadromous salmonids, Steelhead and spring-run Chinook Salmon. The child pages linked below provide access to the following data sets: Topo-bathymetric digital elevation models of the river channels and adjacent floodplains produced by fusing lidar topography of dry areas with information on water depth derived from hyperspectral images. Sediment grain size measurements at distinct points along each river derived from close-range photographs of bar surfaces. Together, these data sets were used to model the suitability of the...
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This dataset contains taxonomic and biovolume data for phytoplankton sampled from Detroit Lake, OR, in August, 2019, and August, 2020. Taxonomy is reported to the lowest possible taxonomic level along with total and percent biovolume. Surface grab samples for phytoplankton enumeration were collected with a van Dorn type sampler and then transferred into a clearn polycarbonate churn. Whole water samples were dispensed for total nutrients and phytoplankton identification and enumeration, the latter preserved with 1 percent Lugol's iodine solution. Samples were analyzed at BSA Environmental Services in Beachwood, Ohio. Cell numbers of all identified phytoplankton taxa were quantified on a per milliliter basis using...
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This metadata record describes observed and predicted baseflow recession characteristics for 300 streamflow gauges in the western United States and 282 streamflow gauges in the eastern United States. Specifically, this record describes (1) the streamflow gauge locations (west or east) in the United States (Location), (2) the U.S. Geological Survey streamflow gauge identification numbers (USGS_Site_Identifier), (3) observed regions of similar aquifer hydraulic properties (7 regions coded by color: blue, green, red, purple, grey, pink, and orange) by k-means clustering method (Observed_Class(k-means)), (4) predicted regions of similar aquifer hydraulic properties by random forest classification models (Predicted_Class(k-means)),...
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Field measurements of water depth were acquired from a reach of the American River at Sailor Bar, near Fair Oaks, California, October 19-21, 2020, to support research on remote sensing of water depth from satellite images. The depth measurements included in this data release were obtained via two different methods: 1) By wading the shallow channel margins with RTK GPS receivers and measuring water surface elevations along the water's edge and bed elevations within the channel; depths were calculated by subtracting bed elevations from the nearest water surface elevation. 2) For the deeper areas representing most of the channel, depths were recorded along a series of cross-sections by a SonTek RiverSurveyor S5 acoustic...
    map background search result map search result map Base flow estimation via optimal hydrograph separation at CONUS watersheds and comparison to the National Hydrologic Model - Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System by HRU calibrated version UAS-based remotely sensed data and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Blue River, Colorado, October 18, 2018 Annual peak-flow data and PeakFQ output files for selected streamflow gaging stations operated by the U.S. Geological Survey in the New England region that were used to estimate regional skewness of annual peak flows Aerial photographs from the Yampa and Little Snake Rivers in northwest Colorado used to characterize channel changes occurring between 1954 and 1961 Field measurements of flow velocity and optical image sequences acquired from the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska in 2018 and 2019 and used for particle image velocimetry (PIV) Field measurements of flow depth and optical image sequences acquired from the Salcha River, Alaska, on July 25, 2019 Topographic and sediment grain size data used to evaluate potential habitat for anadromous salmonids on the upper Merced and Tuolumne Rivers in California Satellite video and field measurements of flow velocity acquired from the Tanana River in Alaska and used for particle image velocimetry (PIV) Regional flood skew for parts of the mid-Atlantic region (hydrologic unit 02) in eastern New York and Pennsylvania Calculated baseflow recession characteristics for streamflow gauging locations for the western and eastern United States, 1900 to 2018 Geo-referenced orthophotographs of the Snow River, Alaska, acquired September 1, 2018 Helicopter-based videos and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River, Alaska, acquired on July 24, 2019 Field measurements of water depth from the American River near Fair Oaks, CA, October 19-21, 2020 Field measurements of water depth from the Colorado River near Lees Ferry, AZ, March 16-18, 2021 Remotely sensed data and field measurements for mapping visible dye concentrations during a tracer experiment on the Missouri River near Columbia, MO, May 5, 2021 Phytoplankton identification and biovolume data for field samples from Detroit Lake, Oregon, collected in August 2019 and August 2020 Remotely sensed data and field measurements of water depth and percent cover of benthic algae from two reaches of the Buffalo National River in Arkansas acquired in August and September 2021 Hydrologic metric changes across the conterminous United States MODFLOW models for the simulation of groundwater-flow dynamics in the U.S. Northern High Plains driven by multi-model estimates of surficial aquifer recharge. UAS-based remotely sensed data and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Blue River, Colorado, October 18, 2018 Field measurements of water depth from the Colorado River near Lees Ferry, AZ, March 16-18, 2021 Field measurements of water depth from the American River near Fair Oaks, CA, October 19-21, 2020 Field measurements of flow depth and optical image sequences acquired from the Salcha River, Alaska, on July 25, 2019 Satellite video and field measurements of flow velocity acquired from the Tanana River in Alaska and used for particle image velocimetry (PIV) Geo-referenced orthophotographs of the Snow River, Alaska, acquired September 1, 2018 Aerial photographs from the Yampa and Little Snake Rivers in northwest Colorado used to characterize channel changes occurring between 1954 and 1961 Helicopter-based videos and field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River, Alaska, acquired on July 24, 2019 Field measurements of flow velocity and optical image sequences acquired from the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska in 2018 and 2019 and used for particle image velocimetry (PIV) Topographic and sediment grain size data used to evaluate potential habitat for anadromous salmonids on the upper Merced and Tuolumne Rivers in California Regional flood skew for parts of the mid-Atlantic region (hydrologic unit 02) in eastern New York and Pennsylvania MODFLOW models for the simulation of groundwater-flow dynamics in the U.S. Northern High Plains driven by multi-model estimates of surficial aquifer recharge. Annual peak-flow data and PeakFQ output files for selected streamflow gaging stations operated by the U.S. Geological Survey in the New England region that were used to estimate regional skewness of annual peak flows Base flow estimation via optimal hydrograph separation at CONUS watersheds and comparison to the National Hydrologic Model - Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System by HRU calibrated version Hydrologic metric changes across the conterminous United States Calculated baseflow recession characteristics for streamflow gauging locations for the western and eastern United States, 1900 to 2018