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The data set consists of data collected in 1995, 1996, and 1997 in wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota and South Dakota. The data were summarized and used in the analysis for two publications in peer-reviewed journals. The data consists of one data set that includes bird abundance and richness data, wetland class (temporary, seasonal, semipermanent, permanent, alkali), and wetland type (private or federal). In conjunction with surveys of wetland birds, the following wetland variables also were recorded: wetland size, date, local-level habitat variables (percent coverage of open water, emergent vegetation, wet meadow, and shoreline/mudflat), and landscape-level habitat variables (percent cover...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
Aquatic birds,
Arrowwood Wetland Management District,
Audubon Wetland Management District,
Biodiversity,
This database contains records of grassland bird abundance and vegetation structure on tallgrass and mixed-grass prairies managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Specifically, under the adaptive-management decision framework (Native Prairie Adaptive Management [NPAM] intiative), we surveyed breeding birds and sampled vegetation on 89 native prairie NPAM units managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, including 55 units in 2011, 87 units in 2012, and 87 units in 2013. The NPAM units occurred in 19 USFWS refuge complexes and wetland management districts, including 14 complexes in USFWS Region 6 (North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana) and five complexes in USFWS Region 3 (Minnesota).
American white pelicans in the central United States breed primarily in the northern Great Plains and winter in the Lower Mississippi Valley and along the Gulf of Mexico. White pelicans have been identified as one of the principal hosts in the life cycle of several commercial catfish parasites, especially digenetic trematodes. Pelicans come into conflict with southeastern aquaculture by exploiting the abundant and readily available fish food source in aquaculture ponds, but also potentially transmitting detrimental parasites to uncontaminated fish (King 1997). Exacerbating the problem, many white pelican colonies east of the Rocky Mountains are rapidly increasing in size, possibly because of increased precipitation...
Categories: Project
The data set consists of data collected in 1995, 1996, and 1997 in wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota and South Dakota. The data were summarized and used in the analysis for a U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report entitled: The influence of local- and landscape-level factors on wetland breeding birds in the Prairie Pothole Region of North and South Dakota. The data consist of two data sets. A species data set includes the common names, scientific names (species and genus), and four-letter alpha codes for 133 bird species observed during the three-year study. The bird abundance data set includes the abundance of wetland birds by wetland class (temporary, seasonal, semipermanent, permanent, alkali),...
Temperate grasslands are considered one of the most altered terrestrial ecosystems in the world. Remaining prairies have been increasingly degraded by fragmentation, encroachment of woody and exotic plants, and suppression or misapplication of defoliation disturbances (e.g., fire, grazing, haying). More than 100,000 ha of native tallgrass and mixed-grass prairies are managed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) in the northern Great Plains. Although prairies in this region evolved with grazing, fire, and climatic variability, management of FWS grasslands often has been passive and involved extended periods of rest (i.e., no disturbance). Extended rest has been implicated as a contributing factor in large-scale...
Categories: Project
Categories: Project
Brown-headed cowbirds are obligate brood parasites that parasitize nests of a wide variety of other species. As such, young cowbirds are exposed to a variety of diseases and parasites from their host species. Thus, cowbirds are an ideal species to examine how evolution shapes the design and function of the immune system in response to elevated exposure to microbes and parasites. We hypothesized that selection favored the evolution of enhanced immune defenses in the cowbird. We compared the type and amount of maternal antibodies in the eggs of the cowbird and a preferred host, the red-winged blackbird. In 2009, we collected host and cowbird eggs from blackbird nests in the cowbird’s ancestral range in North and South...
We investigated methods to estimate the number of nests of waterbirds at a large, mixed-species colony at Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge in south-central North Dakota in 2012 and 2013. The data were summarized and used in the analyses for a publication in a U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report. The data consist of two data sets that were used to assess visible-nest counts for ciconiiform species conducted from the perimeter of nesting areas (hereafter perimeter counts) and observational surveys from fixed points outside the colony to count flights of adult ciconiiforms in and out of the colony (hereafter flightline surveys) as alternatives to within-colony counts of ciconiiform nests.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Abundance,
Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge,
Flight behavior,
Nests,
North Dakota,
This metadata record represents passive immunity components of six songbird species (Passeriformes) in a single taxonomic family, the New World blackbirds (Icteridae). Six immune elements were compared among blackbird eggs collected in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Puerto Rico, including immunoglobulins (Ig) in both yolk and albumen, lipopolysaccharide-specific immunoglobulins in both yolk and albumen, and ovotransferrin and lysozyme in albumen. The data were summarized and used in the analysis for a peer-reviewed journal publication entitled: "Do life history traits influence patterns of maternal immune elements in New World blackbirds (Icteridae)?" The data consist of two data sets. The first data set includes...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Albumen,
Brood parasitism,
Cabo Roja Municipality, Puerto Rico,
Clutch size,
Colonial,
The data set consists of bird abundance data collected in undisturbed grassland fields enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and former CRP fields that were converted to cropland, grazing land, or hayland in nine counties in four states (Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota) in the northern Great Plains. The study was initiated in 1990, but data were only included in this dataset for the 18 years in which all three of the post-CRP management practices occurred, i.e., 1996–2003 and 2008–2017. The data were summarized and used in the analysis for a peer-reviewed publication entitled: "Conversion of CRP Grasslands to Cropland, Grazing Lands, or Hayland: Effects on Breeding Bird Abundances."...
Agriculture is the dominant land use on privately owned lands in the midcontinent of the United States. Management decisions on agricultural lands are heavily influenced by a variety of policies and programs established by the federal government in periodic Farm Bills. In a long-term and ongoing study (1990-present), Northern Prairie researchers have been evaluating the use of grasslands enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) by breeding birds in four states (North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Montana) in the northern Great Plains. This is the longest and most extensive evaluation of CRP grasslands and breeding birds of its kind. Results from this and allied studies have been used both to generate...
Categories: Project
Categories: Project
The Sprague’s pipit is a native grassland bird that is endemic to the northern Great Plains. Given its restricted breeding range, cryptic plumage, and furtive behaviors, the species is considered one of the least-studied birds in North America. The species has undergone severe population declines on the breeding grounds. In the 12-month finding on a 2010 petition to list the Sprague’s pipit as endangered or threatened, the US Fish and Wildlife Service concluded that the listing of the Sprague’s pipit is warranted but precluded by higher priority actions. The Sprague’s pipit requires large patches of native grass cover throughout its life cycle. Large-scale losses and degradation of critical grassland habitat highlight...
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