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Physical and chemical changes affect the biota within urban streams at varying scales ranging from individual organisms to populations and communities creating complex interactions that present challenges for characterizing and monitoring the impact on species utilizing these freshwater habitats. Salmonids, specifically cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), extensively utilize small stream habitats influenced by a changing urban landscape. This study used a comprehensive fish health assessment concurrent with the U.S. Geological Survey’s Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment in 2015 to quantifiy impacts from disease in juvenile coho and cutthroat salmon, impacts to...
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These data present chemistry and toxicity results from freshwater stream sediments collected from 99 wadable stream sites across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. as one component of a larger USGS study in the summer of 2013. This data presents a selected suite of chemistry collected at these sites (PAHs, Organochlorines, PCBs, Trace Elements, and current use pesticides) used in calculating a Probable Effect Concentration-Likely Effect Benchmark quotient mixture score for contaminants measured in sediments. The toxicity data presents results of toxicity tests following ASTM and US EPA standard methods for sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca (28-d exposure), the midge Chironomus dilutus (10-d),...
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Smelter slag containing copper and other trace elements is widespread in riverbed sediment of the upper Columbia River (UCR) of the United States. To evaluate potential risk to aquatic life concentrations of copper and other trace elements were measured in shallow pore-water and in river water samples collected near the sediment-water interface. Samples were collected using an in-situ pore-water profiler to collect a suite of four water samples from above, at, and below the sediment-water interface at each of 29 sampling locations; pore-water collected with a drive-point sampler at 10 additional locations; and Stabilized Liquid Membrane Device samplers (SLMDs) to allow determination of trace-element concentrations...
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Nitrate contamination of groundwater is widespread and persistent in the shallow surficial aquifer of northwestern Whatcom County where dairy farming and forage production is a primary land-use activity. Application of dairy manure to cropland is intended to provide nutrients for crop growth and improve soil quality with the ideal goal to match the rate of nutrient application to that rate of nutrient removal by the crop. A study to test an alternate strategy for scheduling manure application to fields based on hydrologic properties of specific soils and fields, measurements of manure and soil parameters, and current and forecasted precipitation for the three days immediately following manure application is being...
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In the contiguous United States there are approximately 5 million kilometers of streams and rivers, which contain a diversity of aquatic species including microbes, aquatic vegetation (algae and plants), invertebrates, and fish, all of which play key roles in structuring the food web that sustains aquatic life, wildlife, and in some cases humans. Over the last 50 years, human actions have profoundly altered the natural input and cycling of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) through the environment and greatly increased the amount of nutrients transported to our streams, rivers, and estuaries. Although nutrients are essential for a healthy aquatic ecosystem, excess nutrients can affect aquatic and human health....
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Water temperature and the availability of cold-water refugia are important parameters during summer baseflows when stream water temperatures are at their maximum. The U.S. Geological Survey measured near-streambed and surface water temperatures along the lower Quinault River, on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington between August 9-12, 2016, during summer baseflow conditions. The survey occurred downstream from Lake Quinault from approximately River Kilometer (RK) 4 to approximately RK 49 (45 kilometers total). Near-streambed temperatures and water depths were measured at 1-second intervals, which occur on average at an approximately 1-meter water surface distance interval. Near-streambed temperature and depth were...
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These tables document grain-size distributions of sediment collected as part of a study on the geomorphic impacts of the March 2014 State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington. This includes samples of material from the landslide deposit itself, covering a range of distinct facies present in the landslide, and samples of sand and gravel at various locations along the North Fork Stillaguamish River both upstream and downstream of the landslide. Grain size distributions of landslide material were distinguished between outwash material, till, and lacustrine material, distinct facies all present in the landslide deposit. Material coarser than 4-16 mm (sample dependent) was sieved and weighed in the field, and fine...
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Accelerometer scour monitors were deployed on the Cedar River, Washington from 2013 to 2014 as part of a study on the timing of streambed scour at 73 locations in salmon-spawning habitat. This data release contains data of the three-dimensional orientation recorded at 20- to 30-minute intervals for the 46 accelerometer monitors that were recovered in 2014. Each accelerometer scour monitor was comprised of three individual accelerometers that were deployed in a vertical profile within the streambed.
    map background search result map search result map Sediment chemistry and sediment toxicity in wadable streams across the Midwestern United States, 2013 Concentration of nitrate and other water-quality constituents in groundwater from the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of dairy manure, Whatcom County, Washington (2015) Trace elements concentrations in pore water and surface water near the sediment-water interface in the Upper Columbia River, Washington (2015) The quality of our Nation’s water—Understanding the influence of nutrients on stream ecosystems in agricultural landscapes—supplemental data Water temperature and depth data for the lower Quinault River during summer baseflow, Washington, August 2016 and 2017 Surficial Sediment Data on the North Fork Sitllaguamish River and State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington Accelerometer scour monitor data on the Cedar River, Washington, 2013 - 2014 Evaluating Coho Salmon in Streams Across an Urbanization Gradient—Part 1, Growth Potential Based on Environmental Factors and Bioenergetics Accelerometer scour monitor data on the Cedar River, Washington, 2013 - 2014 Concentration of nitrate and other water-quality constituents in groundwater from the water table beneath forage fields receiving seasonal applications of dairy manure, Whatcom County, Washington (2015) Water temperature and depth data for the lower Quinault River during summer baseflow, Washington, August 2016 and 2017 Trace elements concentrations in pore water and surface water near the sediment-water interface in the Upper Columbia River, Washington (2015) Evaluating Coho Salmon in Streams Across an Urbanization Gradient—Part 1, Growth Potential Based on Environmental Factors and Bioenergetics Sediment chemistry and sediment toxicity in wadable streams across the Midwestern United States, 2013 The quality of our Nation’s water—Understanding the influence of nutrients on stream ecosystems in agricultural landscapes—supplemental data